R/V “VITYAZ” – FLAGMAN OF THE SCIENTIFIC FLEET OF THE GOLDEN AGE OF SOVIET OCEAN SCIENCE

The article is devoted to the first research vessel “Vityaz” of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences (IO RAS, until 1991 – IO of the USSR Academy of Sciences). The history of the vessel is briefly told, information about “Vityaz” cruises is selectively given, photographs stored in the Museum of the History of IO RAS and documents from the personal archives of IO RAS employees participating in “Vityaz” cruises are given. Some of the photos and documents are published for the first time.

TWO UNUSUAL EXPEDITIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY RESEARCH VESSEL "DMITRY MENDELEEV" (6TH AND 18TH CRUISES)

50 years ago, in 1971, an expedition of RV “Dmitry Mendeleev” (her 6th cruise) departed to the islands of Oceania. The voyage was timed to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the first trip to island New Guinea by Nikolai Nikolaevich Miklukho-Maclay, a famous russian explorer, antropologyst, and ethnographers, and, simultaneously, with the 125th anniversary of his birth. Scientists 19 scientific institutions of the USSR, specializing in biological, geological and ethnographic research took part in the 6th cruise of R/V “Dmitry Mendeleev”, and the continuing expedition to the same area during her 18th cruise. Besides the ship crew and the scientific team, there were cameramen from Soviet state cinematography corporation Goskino, members of the Union of Artists of the USSR and other cultural and artistic figures were aboard the ship during both voyages. Nowadays, in 2021, in honor of the 175th anniversary of the birth of N.N. Miklukho-Maclay, a new exhibition named "Oceania distant and close" was opened in the Museum of the World Ocean in city of Kaliningrad. Among other artifacts, it includes photographs from the 18th cruise of the R/V “Dmitry Mendeleev” and paintings dedicated to Miklukho-Maclay's expeditions.

Imagining Godzilla: An Art Research Network Platform

This chapter is an extended contribution from a collection of artists headed by Andy Best and Merja Puustinen. Best and Puustinen’s project, ‘Imagining Godzilla’, turned their Polynesian-style sailing catamaran into a research vessel on the Baltic Sea. With other artists on board, the catamaran became a mobile platform for creative-research projects on topics ranging from undersea Internet cables, new materialist explorations of phosphate circulation, audio-visual technologies and knowledge, and performative/auto-ethnographic accounts that probe the boundaries of life on land and sea.

Control efficiency improvement of an electro-hydraulic winch

The paper presents a study regarding electro-hydraulic control systems for drive winches, a structural part of LARS (Launch and Recovery Systems). In the Introduction section of the paper, the authors present the domains of the research vessel. Furthermore, there is presented the importance of launch and recovery systems (LARS) and drive winches on the deck of a research vessel. The launch and recovery systems (LARS) using drive winches are installed on the stern of the research vessel. Further in the paper, the authors present the results of studying three simplified systems that use electric, hydraulic and electro-hydraulic driving solutions. Furthermore, there are presented comparative advantages of using this three types of drive winches. At the end of the paper, the authors perform an analysis of the electro-hydraulic systems for the drive winch, using a modelling and simulation software. Each schematic is presented along with its components. Moreover, the authors mention that all the schematics presented in this paper are modelled using FluidSim software from FESTO. In this case, only three mathematic relations are used in the paper: the Cauchy momentum (convective form), the incompressible Euler relations and the pressure losses in the hydraulic and electro-hydraulic drive winch.

Thermodynamical characteristics of monsoon troposphere over the Bay of Bengal

Thermodynamical characteristics of monsoon troposphere, especially the lower troposphere, over different regions of Bay of Bengal has been studied utilising the radiosonde data collected by Ocean Research Vessel (ORV) Sagar Kanya during the period 8 July-5 August, 1991. The results reveal the existence of low level inversions over the central and adjoining parts of southern Bay of Bengal between 13.4°-17.2°N and 84.5°- 90.0°E during July-August The lower troposphere upto 850 hPa appears to be absolutely stable over this region of Bay of Bengal. In total contrast, none of the ascents taken over the region north of 17.7°N showed any low level inversion. The lower troposphere over the northern Bay of Bengal where convection develops under favourable synoptic situations in monsoon, was found to be unstable. In July the low level inversion appears to extend far south (upto about 10.3°N) but gets disintegrated over the southern parts of Bay of Bengal with the advance of season. Many ascents over the northern and central Bay of Bengal have shown the occurrence of stable layers near 0° level. In the equatorial Bay of Bengal between 5°-10°N stable layers appear to exist near 400 hPa level and near 850-800 hPa level. The results seem to provide an insight into the pattern of convection over the Bay of Bengal during monsoon.

Dynamic Positioning of An Oceanographic Research Vessel Using Fuzzy Logic Controller in Different Sea States

A dynamic positioning system is computer controlled system which maintains the positioning and heading of ship by means of active thrust. A DP system consist of sensors, observer, controller and thrust allocation algorithm. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of proportional derivative type fuzzy controller with Mamdani interface scheme for dynamic positioning of an oceanographic research vessel (ORV) by numerical simulation. Nonlinear passive observer is used to filter the noise from the position and orientation. A nonlinear mathematical model of the ORV is subjected to the wave disturbance ranging from calm to phenomenal sea. Robustness and efficiency of the fuzzy logic controller is analysed in comparison with the multivariable proportional integral derivative (PID) and the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller. A simplified constrained linear quadratic algorithm is used for thrust allocation. The frequency response of the closed loop system with different controllers is analysed using the bode plot. The stability of controller is established using the Lyapunov criteria.