Achieving the first of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90-90-90 targets: understanding the influence of HIV risk perceptions, knowing one’s partner’s status and discussion of HIV/sexually transmitted infections with a sexual partner on uptake of HIV testing

Abstract This study assessed how HIV risk perceptions, knowledge of one’s partner’s status and discussion of HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with one’s sexual partner influence the uptake of HIV testing. Data were obtained from 833 young adults, selected using stratified random sampling in a South African university in 2018. Adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression models were employed to examine determinants of HIV testing uptake. The majority of students (69.9%) had previously tested for HIV, but only 58.4% tested for HIV in the last year. Being highly concerned about contracting HIV/STIs was positively associated with having tested for HIV (adjusted OR [AOR]: 4.28; CI: 2.50 to 7.34) and getting an HIV test in the past year (AOR: 1.83; CI: 1.20 to 2.80). Knowing one’s partner’s status was associated with a higher probability of ever having been tested for HIV (AOR: 3.07; CI: 1.89 to 4.97) or having received an HIV test in the previous year (AOR: 2.66; CI: 1.77 to 3.99). Discussion of HIV/STIs was associated with higher odds of having ever been tested for HIV (AOR: 3.81; CI: 2.44 to 5.96) and recent HIV testing (AOR: 3.22; CI: 2.17 to 4.77). HIV testing was below the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNAIDS 90-90-90 target. Being concerned about contracting HIV, discussion of HIV/STIs with a sexual partner and knowing one’s partner’s HIV status were associated with the uptake of HIV testing.

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Correlates of HIV self-testing among female sex workers in China: implications for expanding HIV screening

Infectious Diseases of Poverty ◽

10.1186/s40249-020-00765-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cheng Wang ◽

Ya-Jie Wang ◽

Joseph D. Tucker ◽

Ming-Zhou Xiong ◽

Hong-Yun Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Testing ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Sexual Behaviors ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

The Past ◽

Female Sex ◽

Self Testing ◽

Hiv Test

Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing may help improve test uptake among female sex workers. China has implemented many HIV self-testing programs among men who have sex with men, creating an opportunity for promotion among female sex workers. However, there is a limited literature on examining HIV self-testing among female sex workers. This study aimed to examine HIV self-testing experiences and its determinants among female sex workers in China. Methods A venue-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese female sex workers in 2019. Participants completed a survey including social-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, and HIV self-testing history, the distribution of which were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify associations with HIV self-testing. Results Among 1287 Chinese female sex workers, 1072 (83.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 81.2–85.3%) had ever tested for HIV, and 103 (8.0%, 95% CI 6.6–9.6%) had ever used HIV self-testing. More than half reported that the self-test was their first HIV test (59.2%, 61/103), around one-fifth reported HIV self-testing results influenced the price of sex (21.4%, 22/103). A minority of individuals reported ever experiencing pressure to undertake HIV self-testing (6.8%, 7/103). After adjusting for covariates, HIV self-testing was positively associated with receiving anal sex in the past month (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.2, 95% CI 1.4–3.5), using drugs before or during sex (aOR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.8–4.5), injecting drugs in the past 6 months (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.2–6.0), being diagnosed with other sexually transmitted infections (aOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.5), tested for other sexually transmitted infections in the past six months (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.1–5.5), ever tested in the hospital (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.0–5.6), and ever tested in the community (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.9). Conclusions Our findings suggest that HIV self-testing could expand overall HIV testing uptake, increase HIV testing frequency, reach sub-groups of high-risk female sex workers and has limited potential harms among female sex workers. HIV self-testing should be incorporated among Chinese female sex workers as a complement to facility-based HIV testing services.

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Making Health a Human Right: The World Health Organisation and the United Nations Programme on Human Rights and Scientific and Technological Developments

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.1816571 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin Mason Meier

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

United Nations ◽

World Health Organisation ◽

World Health ◽

Human Right ◽

Nations Programme ◽

United Nations Programme ◽

The World ◽

Technological Developments ◽

The United Nations

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Administrative Reform in International Organizations: The Case of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2283080 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olivier Nay

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

International Organizations ◽

Administrative Reform ◽

Joint United Nations Programme ◽

Nations Programme ◽

United Nations Programme ◽

Hiv Aids

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OETB: The United Nations Programme in Ocean Economics and Technology1

Ocean Yearbook Online ◽

10.1163/221160082x00260 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 436-447

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Nations Programme ◽

United Nations Programme ◽

The United Nations

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Setting the scene, setting the targets. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS prevention targets of 2016 and estimating global pre-exposure prophylaxis targets

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh18147 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 485 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rosalind Coleman

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

Joint United Nations Programme ◽

Hiv Interventions ◽

Nations Programme ◽

United Nations Programme ◽

Substantial Risk ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Priority Populations ◽

Hiv Aids

Commitment to ambitious and time-bound targets for HIV interventions has been part of the response from the beginning of the HIV epidemic. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) HIV primary prevention workA is built on five pillars that include offering pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to population groups at substantial risk of HIV infection. After a slow start, countries are now setting coverage targets for PrEP, but the weakness of epidemiological, demographic and behavioural data at subnational level in many countries where there is a high burden of new HIV infections, makes it difficult to define the locations and populations where to offer PrEP. This article reviews the history and challenges of PrEP target setting and suggests some possible ways of strengthening the process. Reviewing program data will identify gaps in reaching key and other priority populations for whom coverage targets were set and help to refine the offer of PrEP.

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Factors Associated with Lifetime HIV Testing in Texas by Race/Ethnicity

The Open AIDS Journal ◽

10.2174/1874613601206010232 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 232-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Raquel A Benavides-Torres ◽

Kristin M Wall ◽

Georgina Máyela Núñez Rocha ◽

Dora Julia Onofre Rodríguez ◽

Laura Hopson

Keyword(s):

Hiv Testing ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Employment Status ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Hiv Risk Behaviors ◽

Future Research ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Populations At Risk ◽

Race Ethnicity

Introduction: In United States, roughly 1/5 of all HIV infected persons remain undiagnosed. Because HIV testing is critical to improve prevention efforts, more research is needed to understand the characteristics of individuals who get tested for HIV. Methods: This secondary analysis of the 2010 Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System used data from 9,744 respondents between 18-64 years of age to evaluate the relationship between demographic characteristics (gender, race/ethnicity, age, area of residence, education, marital status, employment status, and income), healthcare characteristics (insurance status, having a primary provider, and access to healthcare), and HIV risk behaviors with ever having received an HIV test. Results: Significant associations between gender, age, area of residence, marital and employment status, and HIV risk behaviors and HIV testing in a Texas population by race/ethnicity were observed. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for future research into racial/ethnic disparities between lifetime HIV testing, and can help guide practitioners who work with populations at risk for HIV/AIDS in Texas.

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Increased integrated testing for HIV, hepatitis C and sexually transmitted infections in health care facilities: results from the INTEGRATE Joint Action pilots in Lithuania, Romania and Spain

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-06537-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (S2) ◽

Author(s):

R. Matulionytė ◽

M. L. Jakobsen ◽

V. I. Grecu ◽

J. Grigaitiene ◽

T. Raudonis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Alcohol Dependency ◽

Pilot Studies ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Integrated Testing ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Hcv Testing

Abstract Background Indicator condition guided HIV testing is a proven effective strategy for increasing HIV diagnosis in health care facilities. As part of the INTEGRATE Joint Action, we conducted four pilot studies, aiming to increase integrated testing for HIV/HCV/HBV and sexually transmitted infections, by introducing and expanding existing indicator condition guided HIV testing methods. Methods Pilot interventions included combined HIV/HCV testing in a dermatovenerology clinic and a clinic for addictive disorders in Lithuania; Increasing HIV testing rates in a tuberculosis clinic in Romania by introducing a patient information leaflet and offering testing for HIV/HCV/sexually transmitted infections to chemsex-users in Barcelona. Methods for implementing indicator condition guided HIV testing were adapted to include integrated testing. Testing data were collected retrospectively and prospectively. Staff were trained in all settings, Plan-do-study-act cycles frequently performed and barriers to implementation reported. Results In established indicator conditions, HIV absolute testing rates increased from 10.6 to 71% in the dermatovenerology clinic over an 18 months period. HIV testing rates improved from 67.4% at baseline to 94% in the tuberculosis clinic. HCV testing was added to all individuals in the dermatovenerology clinic, eight patients of 1701 tested positive (0.47%). HBV testing was added to individuals with sexually transmitted infections with a 0.44% positivity rate (2/452 tested positive). The Indicator condition guided HIV testing strategy was expanded to offer HIV/HCV testing to people with alcohol dependency and chemsex-users. 52% of chemsex-users tested positive for ≥ 1 sexually transmitted infection and among people with alcohol dependency 0.3 and 3.7% tested positive for HIV and HCV respectively. Conclusions The four pilot studies successfully increased integrated testing in health care settings, by introducing testing for HBV/HCV and sexually transmitted infections along with HIV testing for established indicator conditions and expanding the strategy to include new indicators; alcohol dependency and chemsex. HCV testing of individuals with alcohol abuse showed high positivity rates and calls for further implementation studies. Methods used for implementing indicator condition guided HIV Testing have proven transferable to implementation of integrated testing.

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