scholarly journals 325 Biosensors and Intelligent Packaging to Improve Food Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
Yi-Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Intelligent Packaging ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Food Safety And Quality

Abstract Food safety is a critical and enduring challenge. Each year in the United States alone, about 48 million people get sick, and among them, 3,000 die due to foodborne illness. The associated economic loss is estimated at $15.6 billion. Researchers are developing a range of novel technologies to address this issue. Two of these are biosensors, devices that can be used to detect foodborne contaminants; and intelligent packaging, which can send messages about food safety and quality to producers, distributors, and consumers. This talk will introduce these two engineering-based approaches, using examples of how they can potentially be used, and describes the future prospects for each of them.

scholarly journals Restaurant Policies and Practices Related to Norovirus Outbreak Size and Duration

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1607-1618
Author(s):  
E. RICKAMER HOOVER ◽  
NICOLE HEDEEN ◽  
AMY FREELAND ◽  
ANITA KAMBHAMPATI ◽  
DANIEL DEWEY-MATTIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Safety Certification ◽  
Food Safety Training ◽  
Outbreak Size ◽  
Policies And Practices

ABSTRACT Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness outbreaks in the United States, and restaurants are the most common setting of foodborne norovirus outbreaks. Therefore, prevention and control of restaurant-related foodborne norovirus outbreaks is critical to lowering the burden of foodborne illness in the United States. Data for 124 norovirus outbreaks and outbreak restaurants were obtained from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance systems and analyzed to identify relationships between restaurant characteristics and outbreak size and duration. Findings showed that restaurant characteristics, policies, and practices were linked with both outbreak size and outbreak duration. Compared with their counterparts, restaurants that had smaller outbreaks had the following characteristics: managers received food safety certification, managers and workers received food safety training, food workers wore gloves, and restaurants had cleaning policies. In addition, restaurants that provided food safety training to managers, served food items requiring less complex food preparation, and had fewer managers had shorter outbreaks compared with their counterparts. These findings suggest that restaurant characteristics play a role in norovirus outbreak prevention and intervention; therefore, implementing food safety training, policies, and practices likely reduces norovirus transmission, leading to smaller or shorter outbreaks. HIGHLIGHTS

The Food Safety Modernization Act: Implications for U.S. Small Scale Farms

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Boys ◽  
Michael Ollinger ◽  
Leon L. Geyer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Small Farm

The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) reforms law governing the safety of human and animal foods produced for consumption in the United States. Recognizing the challenges that the proposed regulations would impose on small farms, Congress included an amendment to exempt small farms from the full scope of FSMA requirements. This special treatment and other issues left unaddressed by FSMA, however, present challenges for buyers of small farm products and is inducing a private sector response to these regulatory gaps. This Article reviews the current treatment of small farms under FSMA and explores some key impacts and implications of FSMA on these organizations. Particular consideration is given to the unintended consequences of the Tester-Hagan Amendment and the unaddressed issue of liability for foodborne illness.

Integrating the Food and Drug Administration Office of the Coordinated Outbreak Response and Evaluation Network’s foodborne illness outbreak surveillance and response activities with principles of the National Incident Management System

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Sharon Seelman, MS, MBA ◽  
Stelios Viazis, PhD ◽  
Sheila Pack Merriweather, MPH ◽  
Tami Craig Cloyd, DVM ◽  
Megan Aldridge, MPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
National Incident Management System ◽  
Outbreak Investigations

The Food Safety Modernization Act mandates building a national Integrated Food Safety System, which represents a seamless partnership among federal, state, local, territorial, and tribal agencies. During multistate foodborne illness outbreak investigations, local and state partners, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), or the United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety Inspection Service, depending on the regulated food product, become engaged and assist in coordinating the efforts between partners involved and determine the allocation of resources. The FDA Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) Office of the Coordinated Outbreak Response and Evaluation (CORE) Network coordinates foodborne illness outbreak surveillance, response, and post-response activities related to incidents involving multiple illnesses linked to FDA-regulated human food, dietary supplements, and cosmetic products. FDA has implemented the National Incident Management System (NIMS) Incident Command System (ICS) principles across the agency to coordinate federal response efforts, and CORE has adapted NIMS ICS principles for the emergency management of multistate foodborne illness outbreaks. CORE’s implementation of ICS principles has provided several benefits to the operational cycle of foodborne illness outbreak investigations, including establishing a consistent, standardized, and transparent step-by-step approach to outbreak investigations. ICS principles have been instrumental in the development of a national platform for rapid and systematic laboratory, traceback, and epidemiologic information sharing, data analysis, and decision-making. This allows for partners across jurisdictions to reach a consensus regarding outbreak goals and objectives, deploy resources, and take regulatory and public health actions.

If FDA Does Not Regulate Food, Who Will? A Study of Hormones and Antibiotics in Meat Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 459-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Donovan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

Approximately 128,000 Americans are hospitalized and 3000 die each year from foodborne illness. A ten-year study of 4589 foodborne outbreaks attributed 46% of these hospitalizations and 43% of the deaths to meat. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the primary federal agency tasked with regulating food, is aware of these statistics, and characterizes them as “largely preventable.” It is becoming clear that modern meat production methods allow pathogens to spread with ease, creating great food safety risks. Startling numbers of people continue to get sick each year from food, even though regulators believe the harms are preventable, and know the source of many of the risks. This Note explores why the United States under-regulates its food as compared to other nations, and suggests improvements to the domestic regulatory structure that would facilitate better regulation.

Gendered differences in emigration and mobility perspectives among European researchers working abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Scheibelhofer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Highly Skilled

This paper focuses on gendered mobilities of highly skilled researchers working abroad. It is based on an empirical qualitative study that explored the mobility aspirations of Austrian scientists who were working in the United States at the time they were interviewed. Supported by a case study, the paper demonstrates how a qualitative research strategy including graphic drawings sketched by the interviewed persons can help us gain a better understanding of the gendered importance of social relations for the future mobility aspirations of scientists working abroad.

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