Does Long-Term Feeding on Alternative Prey Affect the Biological Performance of Neoseiulus barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on the Target Spider Mites?

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Ying Li ◽  
Guo-Hao Zhang ◽  
Chuan-Bei Tian ◽  
Ming-Xiu Liu ◽  
Yi-Qing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mites ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Neoseiulus Barkeri ◽  
Biological Performance

Effects of alternative and natural prey on body size, locomotion and dispersal of Neoseiulus bicaudus (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1579-1591
Author(s):  
Jie Su ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Zhen-Shi Fu ◽  
An-Di Zhu ◽  
Jian Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
The Body ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Natural Prey ◽  
Tetranychus Turkestani

Prey are very important for the mass rearing of natural enemies and can affect the efficiency and quality of natural enemy products. Locomotion is important in dispersal of predatory mites on plants, and such activity is affected by body size and prey availability. The study evaluates the effects of prey (alternative prey: Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank and natural prey: Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nikolskii) on the body size, locomotion and dispersal of the predatory mite Neoseiulus bicaudus Wainstein. When fed the alternative prey, the body size and locomotion of N. bicaudus were significantly lower than when fed the natural prey. However, the dispersal of N. bicaudus fed the two prey types was similar. The results suggest that long-term feeding on alternative prey could decrease the body size and locomotion of N. bicaudus. Nevertheless, the negative effects of alternative prey did not appear to affect the dispersal of N. bicaudus. The likely reason is that the type of prey does not affect the ability of the predatory mite to locate spider mites. In other words, when it fed alternative prey, N. bicaudus could still successfully disperse and locate spider mite-infested plants in the same way as when fed the natural prey.

Polydopamine-induced nanocomposite Ag/CaP coatings on the surface of titania nanotubes for antibacterial and osteointegration functions

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (45) ◽  
pp. 8796-8805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Zhaojun Jia ◽  
Xuchen Xu ◽  
Yuying Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Titania Nanotubes ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
Antibacterial Ability ◽  
Biological Performance

A mussel-inspired novel nano silver/calcium phosphate (CaP) composite coating was prepared on anodized Ti, with its surface maintaining preferable biological performance and possessing long-term antibacterial ability.

Latitudinal gradient in cortisol concentrations in Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) is not explained by diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 748-753
Author(s):  
C.M. Burstahler ◽  
C.V. Terwissen ◽  
J.D. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Canada Lynx

Food limitation is an important stressor for most wildlife, and many specialist consumers will expand their dietary niche to contend with preferred prey limitation. How these dietary responses feed back into stress-axis regulation, however, is unknown. If alternative prey does not sufficiently fill the energetic requirements normally satisfied by preferred resources, then long-term glucocorticoid concentrations could be elevated in individuals consuming alternative prey. We measured cortisol concentrations and stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in hair of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis Kerr, 1792) across their distribution to determine the influence of diet on glucocorticoids while controlling for harvest location. We calculated the Euclidean distance between lynx and regional snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777) stable isotope ratios as an index of diet specialization. We found no relationship between this index and cortisol, suggesting that prey types are interchangeable for lynx in terms of long-term stress axis activation. However, lynx cortisol increased significantly towards the northwestern region of lynx distribution, contrasting with our prediction, and highlighting important considerations for future research. This combination of glucocorticoid and diet analyses suggests that dietary plasticity does not necessarily alter an individual’s experience of potential stressors, despite important implications to population and community dynamics.

Generalist predators consume spider mites despite the presence of alternative prey

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol L. Krey ◽  
Carmen K. Blubaugh ◽  
Eric G. Chapman ◽  
Christine A. Lynch ◽  
Gretchen B. Snyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mites ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Alternative Prey

The effect of a pesticide on mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori (Lep.: Bombycidae) larvae

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 162-162
Author(s):  
Alireza Bizhannia ◽  
Keyvan Etebari ◽  
Alireza Seidavi ◽  
Seyed Ziaeddin Mirhosseini
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Systemic Insecticide ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Fungicide Residue ◽  
Mulberry Silkworm

Environmental pollutants, like pesticides, have been destructive on different aspects of life. Silkworm, as a beneficial insect, is no exception to this matter. Due to this, many problems have appeared in sericulture because of pesticide applications to cultivations, especially when mulberry trees grow next to cultivated plants. Many studies that have focused on the effect of insecticides on B. mori deal with toxicity, retardation of development and growth, fecundity, mortality, food utilization and economic parameters (Vassarmidaki et al., 2000). However, between these studies a few documents focused on the effect of fungicide residue on silkworm growth and performances (Dutta et al., 2003). Sik et al (1976) reported that more than 1.4% of yield reduction in sericulture is due to side effect of pesticide application. 49.4% was due to the application of different pesticides in rice filed, 21.2% in fruit garden and 12.3% in olericulture. Therefore, the present investigation deals effects of long term application of systemic insecticide, Oxydemeton-methyl(metasystox R) on some biological performance of silkworm. Because metasystox has just recently used to against of mulberry thrips in sericulture and it is necessary to study different side effects of this insecticide on silkworm.

scholarly journals Modeling the Dynamic Composition of Engineered Cartilage

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Wilson ◽  
Sean S. Kohles ◽  
Lawrence J. Bonassar
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Matrix Synthesis ◽  
Dynamic Composition ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Scaffold Degradation ◽  
Biological Performance ◽  
Engineered Cartilage

Abstract Investigation of the mechanisms underlying scaffold degradation and neotissue synthesis is essential to understanding the mechanical and biological performance of engineered tissues. Modeling the dynamic composition of cell-polymer constructs may be useful in estimating the constructs’ long-term function. In this preliminary study, we identified potential mechanisms and developed mathematical models to describe scaffold mass loss and extracellular matrix synthesis for engineered cartilage.

Multifunctional hydroxyapatite and hopeite coatings on SS254 by laser rapid manufacturing for improved osseointegration and antibacterial character: A comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (7) ◽  
pp. 720-727
Author(s):  
Ashish Das ◽  
Mukul Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Rapid Manufacturing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Process Route ◽  
Metallurgical Bonding ◽  
Sorting Technique ◽  
Laser Rapid Manufacturing ◽  
Biological Performance

Orthopaedic metallic implant’s long-term success strongly depends upon the two main factors: osseointegration and antibacterial character. Bioceramic (hydroxyapatite and hopeite) coatings have been proven effective for getting strong osseointegration and antibacterial character. However, deterioration of bioceramic coatings during the implantation period can adversely affect its overall biological performance. To conquer this issue, this research work recommends an innovative process route of laser rapid manufacturing for depositing bioceramic (hydroxyapatite and hopeite) coatings with metallurgical bonding. Microstructure, phase composition, antibacterial efficacy and bioactivity were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence-activated cell sorting technique and simulated body fluid immersion test. The promising results obtained from these characterizations and testing establish the new process route laser rapid manufacturing as an effective alternative to deposit multifunctional bioceramic (hydroxyapatite and hopeite) coatings on metallic prosthetic–orthopaedic implants.

Re-adaptation from alternative prey to target prey increased predation of predator on target mite

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Su ◽  
An-Di Zhu ◽  
Guo-Dong Han ◽  
Fang Dong ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Alternative Prey ◽  
Tyrophagus Putrescentiae ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Tetranychus Turkestani

Neoseiulus bicaudus (Wainstein) is a natural enemy of spider mite and thrip and also a potential biocontrol agent for Tetranychus turkestani (Tetranychidae). Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) is an important alternative prey of N. bicaudus for mass rearing. We aimed to determine whether previous long-term feeding history, rearing on alternative prey versus target prey affected the performance of N. bicaudus. Therefore, the prey preference and functional response of predatory mites were compared between three strains: N. bicaudus fed on T. turkestani (TTS); N. bicaudus fed on T. putrescentiae (TPS); and N. bicaudus re-adapted from T. putrescentiae to T. turkestani (TPRS). When fed with the target prey, the preference rate and consumption of the TPS strain were significantly lower than the TTS strain. In addition, after 3-day-re-adaptation, the predatory mites (TPRS) increased their preference rate and consumption to target prey. The results suggested that re-adaptation before release could improve the ability of N. bicaudus to control its target prey.

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