scholarly journals Impact of reduced smoking rates on lung cancer screening programs in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1126-1132
Author(s):  
Osamu Hemmi ◽  
Yumiko Nomura ◽  
Hiroshi Konishi ◽  
Tadao Kakizoe ◽  
Manami Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Smoking Rate ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Screening Programs

Abstract Background In Japan, lung cancer screening by annual chest radiography has been performed for the past 30 years. However, changes in risk factor status may have influenced the efficiency of current organized lung cancer screening program. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the reduced smoking rate in younger Japanese affects the efficiency and effectiveness of lung cancer screening. Methods We investigated chronological changes in epidemiological indicators, which support lung cancer screening programs offered by the Japan Cancer Society, such as gender- and age-specific numbers of participants and lung cancers detected by the screening by clinical stage, in relation to smoking rates from 1991 to 2016. Results Participant age at the time of screening and age at the time of cancer detection have both increased over time. The lung cancer detection rate (LCDR) in younger age cohorts tended to decrease from 1991 to 2016 in both genders, particularly men aged <55 years. Age-adjusted LCDR significantly decreased from 1991 to 2016 in both genders. After 2001, ~45% of overall detected cases in men and 70% in women were found in stage I. Although trends differed between men and women, smoking rate decreased from 1991 to 2016 in most age cohorts in both genders. Conclusions These results suggest that organized lung cancer screening in Japan should be limited to higher-risk populations.

Implementation of a Lung Cancer Screening Program in Two Federally Qualified Health Centers

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492097171
Author(s):  
Lesley Watson ◽  
Megan M. Cotter ◽  
Shauna Shafer ◽  
Kara Neloms ◽  
Robert A. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Federally Qualified Health Centers ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Improved Outcomes

Using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to screen for lung cancer is associated with improved outcomes among eligible current and former smokers (ie, aged 55-77, at least 30-pack–year smoking history, current smoker or former smoker who quit within the past 15 years). However, the overall uptake of LDCT is low, especially in health care settings with limited personnel and financial resources. To increase access to lung cancer screening services, the American Cancer Society partnered with 2 federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) in Tennessee and West Virginia to conduct a pilot project focused on developing and refining the LDCT screening referral processes and practices. Each FQHC was required to partner with an American College of Radiology–designated lung cancer screening center in its area to ensure high-quality patient care. The pilot project was conducted in 2 phases: 6 months of capacity building (January–June 2016) followed by 2 years of implementation (July 2016–June 2018). One site created a sustainable LDCT referral program, and the other site encountered numerous barriers and failed to overcome them. This case study highlights implementation barriers and factors associated with success and improved outcomes in LDCT screening.

Early impact of lung cancer screening program.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18677-e18677
Author(s):  
Isabel M. Emmerick ◽  
Feiran Lou ◽  
Maggie M. Powers ◽  
Keren Guiab ◽  
Bryce Bludevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening Program

e18677 Background: Lung cancer has the highest mortality among the leading cancers in the U.S. Its detection in the early stages is one of the strategies to increase survival. This study aims to identify whether the implementation of a structured Lung Cancer Screening Program impacted the percentage of Early Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis (ESLCD). Methods: Retrospective cohort study aiming to identify changes over time considering the following indicators: a) percentage of ESLCD; b) the percentage of lung resections for ESLCD. In October 2019, there was a restructuring of our institutional Lung Cancer Screening Program (LCSP). We analyzed quarterly incident lung cancer cases at our institution between October 2017 and December 2019. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Our cohort comprised 736 patients. The age average was 69.3 years, 54.6% female, 96.5% white. Clinical Stage 1A to 2B corresponded to 43.3% of patients. 71.9% had their diagnosis and treatment in the institution. Factors associated with ESLCD were being in the LCSP (OR 4.4 [95%CI 2.3-8.1]); diagnosis and treatment in the institution (OR 2.2 [95%CI 1.6-3.2]); having 3 or less comorbidities (OR 1.6 [95%CI 1.2-2.1]) and female (OR 1.4 [95%CI 1.1-1.9]). In the last Quarter of 2017, the percentage of ESLCD through LCSP was 2.6%, and in the last Quarter of 2019 (2019Q4), 28.8%, representing a 1025% growth. Also, in 2019Q4, 44.8 % of the ESLCD cases that had surgery came through the LCSP, which is a significant increase from prior quarters. Conclusions: The restructuring of our LCSP may have resulted in an increase in ESLCD and the number of curative surgeries for Lung Cancer. Identification of opportunities for improvement of health care delivery can help to increase ESLCD; a longer time for follow-up is needed to observe if the upward trend is sustained and its effects on patient survival. Selected indicators by quarter, 2017 to 2019.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals The Additional Value of Lung Cancer Screening Program in Identifying Unrecognized Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panaiotis Finamore ◽  
Luigi Tanese ◽  
Filippo Longo ◽  
Domenico De Stefano ◽  
Claudio Pedone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Lung Nodules ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Cost Efficacy ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening Program

Abstract Background: A systematic examination of low-dose CT (LDCT) scan, beside lung nodules, may disclose the presence of undiagnosed diseases, improving the efficacy and the cost/efficacy of these programs. The study was aimed at evaluating the association between LDCT scan findings and non-oncologic and oncologic diseases.Methods: The LDCT scan of participants to the “Un Respiro per la vita”® lung cancer screening program were checked and abnormal findings, beside lung nodules, recorded. First admission to the acute care because of cardiovascular (CD), respiratory (RD) and oncological diseases (OD) in the following three years were retrieved. The association of LDCT scan abnormal findings with CD, RD and OD was assessed through univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.Results: Mean age of 746 participants was 62 years (SD:5), 62% were male. 11 (1.5%) received a diagnosis of lung cancer. 16.1% participants were admitted to the acute care in the following three years: 8.6% for CD, 4.3% for RD and 5.2% for OD. Valve calcification (OR 2.02, p:0.02) and mucus plugs (OR 3.37, p:0.04) were positively associated with CD, while sub-pleural fibrosis had a protective role (OR 0.47, p:0.01). Lung nodules >8 mm (OR 5.54, p:<0.01), tracheal deviation (OR 6.04, p:0.01) and mucus plugs (OR 4.00, p:0.04) were positively associated with OD admissions. Centrilobular emphysema OR for RD admissions was 1.97 (p:0.06).Conclusions: Selected LDCT scan findings are harbingers of undiagnosed CD, RD and OD, even different from lung cancer, whom knowledge might improve the efficacy and cost/efficacy of lung cancer screening programs.

scholarly journals The 10 Pillars of Lung Cancer Screening: Rationale and Logistics of a Lung Cancer Screening Program

Radiographics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1893-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian J. Fintelmann ◽  
Adam Bernheim ◽  
Subba R. Digumarthy ◽  
Inga T. Lennes ◽  
Mannudeep K. Kalra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening Program

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Interventions in the Lung Cancer Screening Setting: A Simulation Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J Cadham ◽  
Pianpian Cao ◽  
Jinani Jayasekera ◽  
Kathryn L Taylor ◽  
David T Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Life Years

Abstract Background Guidelines recommend offering cessation interventions to smokers eligible for lung cancer screening, but there is little data comparing specific cessation approaches in this setting. We compared the benefits and costs of different smoking cessation interventions to help screening programs select specific cessation approaches. Methods We conducted a societal-perspective cost-effectiveness analysis using a Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network model simulating individuals born in 1960 over their lifetimes. Model inputs were derived from Medicare, national cancer registries, published studies, and micro-costing of cessation interventions. We modeled annual lung cancer screening following 2014 US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines plus cessation interventions offered to current smokers at first screen, including pharmacotherapy only or pharmacotherapy with electronic and/or web-based, telephone, individual, or group counseling. Outcomes included lung cancer cases and deaths, life-years saved, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) saved, costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Results Compared with screening alone, all cessation interventions decreased cases of and deaths from lung cancer. Compared incrementally, efficient cessation strategies included pharmacotherapy with either web-based cessation ($555 per QALY), telephone counseling ($7562 per QALY), or individual counseling ($35 531 per QALY). Cessation interventions continued to have costs per QALY well below accepted willingness to pay thresholds even with the lowest intervention effects and was more cost-effective in cohorts with higher smoking prevalence. Conclusion All smoking cessation interventions delivered with lung cancer screening are likely to provide benefits at reasonable costs. Because the differences between approaches were small, the choice of intervention should be guided by practical concerns such as staff training and availability.

scholarly journals Effect of Nodule Characteristics on Variability of Semiautomated Volume Measurements in Pulmonary Nodules Detected in a Lung Cancer Screening Program

Radiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 248 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Rob J. van Klaveren ◽  
Hester J. van der Zaag–Loonen ◽  
Geertruida H. de Bock ◽  
Hester A. Gietema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening Program
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