Illustrated Morphological Keys for Fleas (Siphonaptera) in Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Harimalala ◽  
Tojo R Ramihangihajason ◽  
Ravo Rakotobe Harimanana ◽  
Romain Girod ◽  
Jean-Bernard Duchemin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Species Discovery ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Species Membership

Abstract Madagascar has an important diversity of fleas (Siphonaptera), which almost species do not exist elsewhere. Scientists have provided huge efforts to improve knowledge on Malagasy fleas since the middle of 1900s particularly by investigating topics such as taxonomy, systematics, biogeography, and flea vector role. Since then, new species discovery has increased and currently, 48 species are recorded which the majority is endemic. Therefore, it becomes necessary to have updated keys to identify species membership. This paper presents morphological-based keys to identify at genus and species levels adult fleas reported as occurring in Madagascar. Illustrations are proposed to make easier the observation of morphological criteria, which may be tricky for sibling species.

Two new species of Platymantis (Anura: Ranidae) from New Britain

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1485 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRED KRAUS ◽  
ALLEN ALLISON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
New Britain ◽  
Fossorial Species

We redescribe the poorly known Platymantis akarithymus and describe two new species of this terrestrial frog genus from the Nakanai Mts. of eastern New Britain Island. All are small inhabitants of the leaf litter. Discovery of the two new species increases the known diversity of the genus on New Britain to 15 species, ten of which we routinely found to occur in syntopy. The two new fossorial species are diminutive and extend the morphological and ecological diversity seen in this assemblage. Several pairs of apparent sibling species are found on New Britain and these are likely the result of geological events that have divided the island into smaller islands in the past. We anticipate that further sibling species will be discovered once the Whiteman Range of western New Britain is properly explored.

scholarly journals Botrytis pseudocinerea, a New Cryptic Species Causing Gray Mold in French Vineyards in Sympatry with Botrytis cinerea

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 1433-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Walker ◽  
Angélique Gautier ◽  
Johann Confais ◽  
Daniel Martinho ◽  
Muriel Viaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Temperature Adaptation ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Ecological Criteria ◽  
High Level

Botrytis cinerea is a major crop pathogen infesting >220 hosts worldwide. A cryptic species has been identified in some French populations but the new species, B. pseudocinerea, has not been fully delimited and established. The aim of this study was to distinguish between the two species, using phylogenetic, biological, morphological, and ecological criteria. Multiple gene genealogies confirmed that the two species belonged to different, well-supported phylogenetic clades. None of the morphological criteria tested (spore size, germination rate, or mycelial growth) was able to discriminate between these two species. Sexual crosses between individuals from the same species and different species were carried out. Only crosses between individuals from the same species were successful. Moreover, population genetics analysis revealed a high level of diversity within each species and a lack of gene flow between them. Finally, a population survey over time showed that B. cinerea was the predominant species but that B. pseudocinerea was more abundant in spring, on floral debris. This observation could not be explained by temperature adaptation in tests carried out in vitro or by aggressiveness on tomato or bean leaves. This study clearly establishes that B. cinerea and B. pseudocinerea constitute a complex of two cryptic species living in sympatry on several hosts, including grapevine and blackberry. We propose several biological or molecular tools for unambiguous differentiation between the two species. B. pseudocinerea probably makes a negligible contribution to gray mold epidemics on grapevine. This new species has been deposited in the MycoBank international database.

Nematodes from vernal pools in the Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve, California I. Hirschmanniella santarosae sp. n. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), a cryptic sibling species of H. pomponiensis Abdel-Rahman & Maggenti, 1987

Nematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul De Ley ◽  
Melissa Yoder ◽  
Manuel Mundo-Ocampo ◽  
Irma Tandingan De Ley
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Sibling Relationship ◽  
Gene Trees ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Ecological Reserve ◽  
Tail Tip

AbstractHirschmanniella santarosae sp. n. is described from the largest vernal pool in the Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve, Murrieta, California, USA. The cryptic new species is morphologically very close to H. pomponiensis and H. gracilis as it can be distinguished from the former only by a more anterior excretory pore position and by more flattened as well as laterally expanded stylet knobs, whilst it differs from the latter in the greater distance from phasmid to tail tip and in the bursal alae ending near the phasmids rather than near the tail tip. Analysis of the rDNA small subunit (SSU) and D2D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) shows that H. santarosae sp. n. is genetically distinct, having respective sequence homology of 98.89% and 95.9% with H. pomponiensis for these loci. Congruence in SSU and D2D3 gene trees as well as unambiguous character autapomorphies further support the new species status of H. santarosae sp. n. and sibling relationship with H. pomponiensis. Although many more isolates and species will need to be studied before informative biogeographic analyses can be performed, the presently available sequence data suggest that some Hirschmanniella lineages have diversified independently on either side of the Atlantic.

A review of the genus Agetocera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) in Taiwan—are there only two species?

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2441 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHI-FENG LEE ◽  
JAN BEZDĔK ◽  
CHARLES L. STAINES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Three New Species

The Taiwanese species of Agetocera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are reviewed. Three new species, A. yuae, A. choui, and A. huatungensis are described and A. discedens Weise and A. taiwana Chûjô are redescribed. Agetocera taiwana together with the new species form a group of four sibling species. The Agetocera taiwana species group is defined and a key to Taiwanese Agetocera species is provided.

scholarly journals Hotspots of mite new species discovery: Parasitiformes (2013–2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1693
Author(s):  
Wendy Lam ◽  
Zhi-Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Discovery ◽  
The World

A survey of type localities of new species of the Parasitiformes described in two journals (Systematic & Applied Acarology and Zootaxa) during the last three years (2013–2015) revealed interesting patterns of species discovery. Taxonomically, the 142 new species are unevenly distributed among 24 families with the top three families accounting for over 61% of the total. The economically important Phytoseiidae is the top-ranked family. Geographically, the 142 new species of the Parasitiformes are described from 29 countries in the world. The pattern of distribution of these new species among the countries is highly uneven—over half of the new species (52.8%) are from the top 3 countries (Brazil, Iran and Turkey), whereas most countries (65.5%) have only 1–3 new species each.

scholarly journals A revision of “blanket-hermit crabs” of the genus Paguropsis Henderson, 1888, with the description of a new genus and five new species (Crustacea, Anomura, Diogenidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 752 ◽  
pp. 17-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Lemaitre ◽  
Dwi Listyo Rahayu ◽  
Tomoyuki Komai
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Species Discovery ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Length Width

For 130 years the diogenid genusPaguropsisHenderson, 1888 was considered monotypic for an unusual species,P.typicaHenderson, 1888, described from the Philippines and seldom reported since. Although scantly studied, this species is known to live in striking symbiosis with a colonial sea anemone that the hermit can stretch back and forth like a blanket over its cephalic shield and part of cephalothoracic appendages, and thus the common name “blanket-crab”. During a study of paguroid collections obtained during recent French-sponsored biodiversity campaigns in the Indo-West Pacific, numerous specimens assignable toPaguropsiswere encountered. Analysis and comparison with types and other historical specimens deposited in various museums revealed the existence of five undescribed species. Discovery of these new species, together with the observation of anatomical characters previously undocumented or poorly described, including coloration, required a revision of the genusPaguropsis. The nameChlaenopagurusandersoniAlcock & McArdle, 1901, considered by Alcock (1905) a junior synonym ofP.typica, proved to be a valid species and is resurrected asP.andersoni(Alcock, 1899). In two of the new species, the shape of the gills, length/width of exopod of maxilliped 3, width and shape of sternite XI (of pereopods 3), and armature of the dactyls and fixed fingers of the chelate pereopods 4, were found to be characters so markedly different fromP.typicaand other species discovered that a new genus for them,Paguropsinagen. n., is justified. As result, the genusPaguropsisis found to contain five species:P.typica,P.andersoni,P.confusasp. n.,P.gigassp. n., andP.laciniasp. n.Herein,Paguropsinagen. n., is proposed and diagnosed for two new species,P.pistillatagen. et sp. n., andP.inermisgen. et sp. n.;Paguropsisis redefined,P.typicaand its previously believed junior synonym,P.andersoni, are redescribed. All species are illustrated, and color photographs provided. Also included are a summary of the biogeography of the two genera and all species; remarks on the significance of the unusual morphology; and remarks on knowledge of the symbiotic anemones used by the species. To complement the morphological descriptions and assist in future population and phylogenetic investigations, molecular data for mitochondrial COI barcode region and partial sequences of 12S and 16S rRNA are reported. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis using molecular data distinctly shows support for the separation of the species into two clades, one with all five species ofPaguropsis, and another with the two speciesPaguropsinagen. n.

scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy reveals a new species of pacu (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae: Myloplus) from the Brazilian Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Priscila Ota ◽  
Valéria Nogueira Machado ◽  
Marcelo C. Andrade ◽  
Rupert A. Collins ◽  
Izeni Pires Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Striking Similarity ◽  
Species Discovery ◽  
A New Species

ABSTRACT Pacus of the genus Myloplus represent a formidable taxonomic challenge, and particularly so for the case of M. asterias and M. rubripinnis, two widespread and common species that harbor considerable morphological diversity. Here we apply DNA barcoding and multiple species discovery methods to find candidate species in this complex group. We report on one well-supported lineage that is also morphologically and ecologically distinct. This lineage represents a new species that can be distinguished from congeners by the presence of dark chromatophores on lateral-line scales, which gives the appearance of a black lateral line. It can be further diagnosed by having 25-29 branched dorsal-fin rays (vs. 18-24), 89-114 perforated scales from the supracleithrum to the end of hypural plate (vs. 56-89), and 98-120 total lateral line scales (vs. 59-97). The new species is widely distributed in the Amazon basin, but seems to have a preference for black- and clearwater habitats. This ecological preference and black lateral line color pattern bears a striking similarity to the recently described silver dollar Metynnis melanogrammus.

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