scholarly journals Food Insecurity is Directly Associated with the Use of Health Services for Adverse Health Events among Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (12) ◽  
pp. 3152-3160
Author(s):  
Ariella K-L Spitzer ◽  
Marisa P R Shenk ◽  
James G Mabli
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Skilled Nursing Facility ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Adverse Health Events ◽  
Use Of Health Services

ABSTRACT Background In 2018, 14.3 million US households experienced food insecurity, which has been linked to negative health outcomes such as depression and anxiety, diabetes, and hypertension. This connection is particularly important for older adults, who are at greater risk than younger adults for developing certain health conditions. Objective We estimated the association between food insecurity and the use of health services for adverse health events over a 12-mo observation period following survey interview for a nationally representative group of older adults participating in the congregate meal (CM) and home-delivered meal (HDM) programs. Methods We analyzed data from the Nutrition Services Program (NSP) Outcomes Survey matched to Medicare claims and enrollment data in 2015–2016 for a nationally representative sample of 626 CM or HDM recipients ages 67 y and older. We used logistic regression analysis controlling for demographic characteristics, prior health events, and geography to estimate the association between food insecurity and use of health services, including emergency department visits, inpatient stays, skilled nursing facility stays, and home healthcare episodes. We used ordinary least squares regression analysis to estimate the association between food insecurity and Medicare spending. Results Food insecurity was associated with an average increased likelihood of using health services for adverse health events of 16% (95% CI: 1%, 32%) for HDM participants. Food insecurity was associated with an average increased likelihood of emergency department visits of 24% (95% CI: 6%, 41%) for CM participants and 20% (95% CI: 5%, 36%) for HDM participants. There was no observed increase in likelihood of using the other health services. Food-insecure participants were less likely to have a skilled nursing facility stay. Conclusions Food insecurity is associated with an increased likelihood of use of health services for adverse health events in older adult participants in meal service programs.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND ADVERSE HEALTH EVENTS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 491-491
Author(s):  
T. Eagen ◽  
E. McGough ◽  
R.G. Logsdon ◽  
S.M. McCurry ◽  
M. Cagley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Events

Acetazolamide to Prevent Adverse Altitude Effects in COPD and Healthy Adults

NEJM Evidence ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Furian ◽  
Maamed Mademilov ◽  
Aline Buergin ◽  
Philipp M. Scheiwiller ◽  
Laura Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Events

Furian and colleagues report on the results of two randomized controlled trials testing the use of acetazolamide to prevent the adverse effects of altitude on healthy older persons and in people with COPD. They find that acetazolamide decreased the incidence of altitude related adverse health events (primarily hypoxemia) in both populations with no evidence of adverse events.

Reuse of single use medical devices in Canada: Clinical and economic outcomes, legal and ethical issues, and current hospital practice

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 430-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hailey ◽  
Philip D. Jacobs ◽  
Nola M. Ries ◽  
Julie Polisena
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Coronary Angioplasty ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Adverse Health Events ◽  
Legal And Ethical Issues

Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the evidence that reuse of medical devices marketed for single use only (SUDs) is safe, effective and cost-effective, and to consider the use and health services impact of this practice in Canada.Methods:A systematic review was performed of studies that reported clinical or economic outcomes following reuse of SUDs in humans. Direct costs of adverse health events associated with SUD reuse and indications of budget impact were obtained using data for devices for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and coronary angioplasty. Legal and ethical issues were reviewed, drawing on material relevant to Canada. Data on current reuse of SUDs were obtained through a survey of Canadian acute care hospitals.Results:Studies of variable quality suggested that SUD reuse could be safe and effective, and would give cost savings, if there were no adverse events. Eliminating reuse of SUDs for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and coronary angioplasty would add less than 0.1 percent to costs of the procedures over 1 year. Adverse health events associated with device reuse create liability risks; patients should be informed of any known or foreseeable risks of reuse. Most of the 28 percent (111/398) of acute hospitals that reprocess SUDs do so in-house. Some do not have a written policy or an incident reporting mechanism.Conclusions:There is insufficient evidence to establish the safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of reusing SUDs. Legal and ethical issues require attention to minimize liability and maintain patient safety and trust. Some hospitals that reprocess SUDs do not have adequate documentation. These findings do not support the reuse of SUDs in Canadian hospitals.

scholarly journals Adverse health events and late mortality after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic SCT—two decades of longitudinal follow-up

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wilhelmsson ◽  
A Vatanen ◽  
B Borgström ◽  
B Gustafsson ◽  
M Taskinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Mortality ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Events

Adverse health events associated with domestic violence during pregnancy among Brazilian women

Midwifery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celene Aparecida Ferrari Audi ◽  
Ana M. Segall-Corrêa ◽  
Silvia M. Santiago ◽  
Rafael Pérez-Escamilla
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy ◽  
Adverse Health Events

scholarly journals Serious Fall Injury History and Adverse Health Outcomes After Initiating Hemodialysis Among Older U.S. Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1216-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Barrett Bowling ◽  
Rasheeda K Hall ◽  
Anjali Khakharia ◽  
Harold A Franch ◽  
Laura C Plantinga
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Skilled Nursing Facility ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Dialysis Initiation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Fall Injury ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Abstract Background Although older adults with predialysis chronic kidney disease are at higher risk for falls, the prognostic significance of a serious fall injury prior to dialysis initiation has not been well described in the end-stage renal disease population. Methods We examined the association between a serious fall injury in the year prior to starting hemodialysis and adverse health outcomes in the year following dialysis initiation using a retrospective cohort study of U.S. Medicare beneficiaries ≥ 67 years old who initiated dialysis in 2010–2012. Serious fall injuries were defined using diagnostic codes for falls plus an injury (fracture, joint dislocation, or head injury). Health outcomes, defined as time-to-event variables within the first year of dialysis, included four outcomes: a subsequent serious fall injury, hospital admission, post-acute skilled nursing facility (SNF) utilization, and mortality. Results Among this cohort of 81,653 initiating hemodialysis, 2,958 (3.6%) patients had a serious fall injury in the year prior to hemodialysis initiation. In the first year of dialysis, 7.6% had a subsequent serious fall injury, 67.6% a hospitalization, 30.7% a SNF claim, and 26.1% died. Those with versus without a serious fall injury in the year prior to hemodialysis initiation were at higher risk (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval) for a subsequent serious fall injury (2.65, 2.41–2.91), hospitalization (1.11, 1.06–1.16), SNF claim (1.40, 1.30–1.50), and death (1.14, 1.06–1.22). Conclusions For older adults initiating dialysis, a history of a serious fall injury may provide prognostic information to support decision making and establish expectations for life after dialysis initiation.

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