Adverse Birth Outcomes in Botswana Among Women With Vertically or Horizontally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background Women with vertically acquired HIV (VHIV) may have a greater risk of adverse birth outcomes than women with horizontally acquired HIV (HHIV). Methods The Tsepamo study performed birth outcomes surveillance at 8 government delivery sites in Botswana from July 2014 through March 2019. Pregnant women diagnosed with HIV before their 11th birthday received VHIV status, and other women had HHIV. Small for gestational age (SGA), preterm delivery (PTD), stillbirth, and neonatal death were compared using χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests. Log-binomial regression models determined risk ratios (RRs). Results VHIV women (n = 402) aged 15–27 years were identified over 4 years of surveillance and compared with HHIV women (n = 8465) of the same age. VHIV women were more likely to use nevirapine (NVP)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) in pregnancy and to have SGA and very SGA infants, but less likely to have very PTD infants. In unadjusted analyses, VHIV women had a higher risk of any adverse birth outcome combined (RR = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.36). After adjusting for potential confounders, particularly use of NVP-based regimens, the risk of adverse birth outcomes among VHIV and HHIV women was similar. Conclusions NVP-based ART is a primary and modifiable risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. Updating ART regimens could improve birth outcomes for women with HIV.

Download Full-text

Association of Angiopoietin Dysregulation in Placental Malaria with Adverse Birth Outcomes

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2020/6163487 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Puspendra P. Singh ◽

Sneha Bhandari ◽

Ravendra K. Sharma ◽

Neeru Singh ◽

Praveen K. Bharti

Keyword(s):

Birth Outcomes ◽

Adverse Outcome ◽

Birth Outcome ◽

Placental Malaria ◽

Malaria In Pregnancy ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

Peripheral Plasma ◽

Angiopoietin 2 ◽

In Pregnancy ◽

Angiopoietin 1

Malaria in pregnancy causes adverse birth outcomes due to sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in the placenta. Angiopoietins are critical regulators of vascular development and formation of placental villous vasculature. Angiopoietin-1 and Angiopoietin-2 concentrations were measured in peripheral and placental plasma samples from 70 malaria-infected and 216 control women using commercially available DuoSet ELISA development kit. Angiopoietins increased in placental plasma (ANG1-5833.5 pg/ml and ANG2-9580.6 pg/ml) as compared to peripheral plasma (ANG1-2293.1 pg/ml and ANG2-1198.9 pg/ml, p<0.0001). The concentration of placental and peripheral ANG1 (6099.23 pg/ml and 2320.5 pg/ml) was significantly lower (5013.5 pg/ml, 2208.5 pg/ml), and ANG2 (9553.3 pg/ml, 1180.92 pg/ml) was significantly higher (9664.6 pg/ml, 1254.4 pg/ml) in malaria-positive cases as compared to malaria-negative (p<0.0001). The association of dysregulated angiopoietins in malaria with adverse birth outcomes showed that the peripheral and placental ANG1 concentration was lower and ANG2 concentration was higher in low-birth-weight baby and stillbirth birth outcome as compared to normal deliveries among malaria-positive group. Therefore, ANG1 and ANG2 could be considered a biomarker for adverse outcome during malaria in pregnancy.

Download Full-text

1365: Admission for Nephrolithiasis in Pregnancy and Risk of Adverse Birth Outcomes

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31579-9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 177 (4S) ◽

pp. 450-450

Author(s):

Mia A. Swartz ◽

Mona T. Lydon-Rochelle ◽

David Simon ◽

Jonathan L. Wright ◽

Michael P. Porter

Keyword(s):

Birth Outcomes ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

In Pregnancy

Download Full-text

Prenatal Iron Deficiency and Replete Iron Status Are Associated with Adverse Birth Outcomes, but Associations Differ in Ghana and Malawi

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxy278 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 149 (3) ◽

pp. 513-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brietta M Oaks ◽

Josh M Jorgensen ◽

Lacey M Baldiviez ◽

Seth Adu-Afarwuah ◽

Ken Maleta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Birth Outcomes ◽

Regression Models ◽

Iron Status ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

Soluble Transferrin Receptor

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious literature suggests a U-shaped relation between hemoglobin concentration and adverse birth outcomes. There is less evidence on associations between iron status and birth outcomes.ObjectiveOur objective was to determine the associations of maternal hemoglobin concentration and iron status with birth outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis of data from 2 cohorts of pregnant women receiving iron-containing nutritional supplements (20–60 mg ferrous sulfate) in Ghana (n = 1137) and Malawi (n = 1243). Hemoglobin concentration and 2 markers of iron status [zinc protoporphyrin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)] were measured at ≤20 weeks and 36 weeks of gestation. We used linear and Poisson regression models and birth outcomes included preterm birth (PTB), newborn stunting, low birth weight (LBW), and small-for-gestational-age.ResultsPrevalence of iron deficiency (sTfR >6.0 mg/L) at enrollment was 9% in Ghana and 20% in Malawi. In early pregnancy, iron deficiency was associated with PTB (9% compared with 17%, adjusted RR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.33) and stunting (15% compared with 23%, adjusted RR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.94) in Malawi but not Ghana, and was not associated with LBW in either country; replete iron status (sTfR <10th percentile) was associated with stunting (9% compared with 15%, adjusted RR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.77) in Ghana, but not PTB or LBW, and was not associated with any birth outcomes in Malawi. In late pregnancy, iron deficiency was not related to birth outcomes in either country and iron-replete status was associated with higher risk of LBW (8% compared with 16%, adjusted RR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.09) and stunting (6% compared with 13%, adjusted RR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.21, 3.77) in Ghana, but was not associated with birth outcomes in Malawi.ConclusionsThe associations of low or replete iron status with birth outcomes are population specific. Research to replicate and extend these findings would be beneficial. These trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00970866 (Ghana) and NCT01239693 (Malawi).

Download Full-text

Arsenic exposure in pregnancy increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes of newborn in Taiwan

Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic - As 2012 ◽

10.1201/b12522-68 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 207-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Birth Outcomes ◽

Arsenic Exposure ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

In Pregnancy

Download Full-text

Adverse birth outcomes among women who gave births at Eastern Ethiopian Hospitals: a cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22703/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Teshale Mulatu Dibisa ◽

Adera Debela Kebede ◽

Tilaye Feto Gelano ◽

Yadeta Dessie Bacha ◽

Kemal Jemal

Keyword(s):

Birth Outcomes ◽

Birth Outcome ◽

Multiple Pregnancy ◽

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Adverse Birth Outcome ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Adverse births outcomes (ABO) such as preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW) and stillbirth are important determining of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is the major public health problem in low resourced countries. Despite many efforts to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality, adverse birth outcomes in hospitals has remained high. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with adverse birth outcomes among women who gave birth at selected public hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods Facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted in February 2017. Data were collected using a pretested and structured face to face interviewer-administered questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the dependent and independent variables. Results A total of 555 women who give births were involved from four hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. The prevalence of low birth weight, stillbirth and preterm births were 40(7.2%), 37(6.7%) and 28(5%) respectively. The overall prevalence of adverse birth outcomes was 76(13.7%). Four-ninth 247(44.5%) of mothers had high-risk pregnancies. Hypertension [AOR = 7.25; 95%, CI= (1.71, 30.64)], history of adverse birth outcome [AOR = 12.12; 95%, CI= (6.5, 22.6)], multiple pregnancy [AOR = 6.94; 95%, CI= (2.74, 17.53)] and spontaneous vaginal delivery [AOR = 0.11; 95%, CI= (0.44, 0.16)] were associated with adverse birth outcome. Conclusion In this study adverse birth outcomes were still found as public health problems. Hypertension, history of adverse birth outcome, multiple pregnancy and spontaneous vaginal delivery were significantly associated with ABO. Thus, developing strategies to prevent and treat complications during pregnancy and increasing maternal health utilization at ANC clinics are warranted.

Download Full-text