scholarly journals Methyl phenlactonoates are efficient strigolactone analogs with simple structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2319-2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Boubacar A Kountche ◽  
Imran Haider ◽  
Xiujie Guo ◽  
Valentine O Ntui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
New Class ◽  
Agricultural Applications

abstract Strigolactones (SLs) are a new class of phytohormones that also act as germination stimulants for root parasitic plants, such as Striga spp., and as branching factors for symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Sources for natural SLs are very limited. Hence, efficient and simple SL analogs are needed for elucidating SL-related biological processes as well as for agricultural applications. Based on the structure of the non-canonical SL methyl carlactonoate, we developed a new, easy to synthesize series of analogs, termed methyl phenlactonoates (MPs), evaluated their efficacy in exerting different SL functions, and determined their affinity for SL receptors from rice and Striga hermonthica. Most of the MPs showed considerable activity in regulating plant architecture, triggering leaf senescence, and inducing parasitic seed germination. Moreover, some MPs outperformed GR24, a widely used SL analog with a complex structure, in exerting particular SL functions, such as modulating Arabidopsis roots architecture and inhibiting rice tillering. Thus, MPs will help in elucidating the functions of SLs and are promising candidates for agricultural applications. Moreover, MPs demonstrate that slight structural modifications clearly impact the efficiency in exerting particular SL functions, indicating that structural diversity of natural SLs may mirror a functional specificity.

Strigolactones: a new musician in the orchestra of plant hormones

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 827-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter Kohlen ◽  
Carolien Ruyter-Spira ◽  
Harro J. Bouwmeester
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
New Class ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Branching Factor

Strigolactones are known as germination stimulants for seeds of root parasitic plants of the Orobanchaceae and as the presymbiotic branching factor for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. They were also recently identified as a new class of plant hormones and have been the subject of many studies, leading to much advancement in our knowledge of how these molecules are involved in controlling plant development. In the first place, this concerns their role in the inhibition of shoot branching, but a number of studies have also revealed a role for strigolactones in shaping root system architecture or have suggested involvement of strigolactones in seed germination, hypocotyl elongation, and reproductive development. In all these studies, the interaction of strigolactones with other plant hormones such as auxin, abscisic acid, and ethylene is becoming clear. In this review we discuss the progress over the past 5 years in our understanding of the physiological role of strigolactones in the regulation of plant development.

scholarly journals Change of the integral indicator of the biological condition of the Sorghum bicolor L. rhizosphere under the influence of farming systems and microbial preparations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Abdurashytova ◽  
◽  
T.N. Melnichuk ◽  
S.F. Abdurashytov ◽  
A.Yu. Egovtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biological Condition ◽  
Microbiological Processes ◽  
No Till ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Integral Indicator

A criterion for assessing the activity of biochemical and microbiological processes in the rhizosphere is necessary to explain the direction of the reaction of organisms, communities or ecosystems in response to anthropogenic influences. The purpose of the research is to assess the influence of farming systems (traditional and no-till) and the complex of microbial preparations (СMP) together with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on microbiological processes in the rhizosphere of S. bicolor using the integral indicator of the biological condition (IIBC). Using IIBС, the direction of biological processes in the sorghum’s rhizosphere was shown. It depended both on the cultivation technology and the use of microbial preparations. IIBС of rhizosphere increased by 9.1% when using CMP and AMF in no-till, which indicated an increase in the biological activity of sorghum plants.

scholarly journals Ecophysiology, quality, and mycorrhizal dependency in Musa spp. (cv. Grand naine) seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Fernando da Rui ◽  
Silvia Correa Santos ◽  
Elaine Reis Pinheiro Lourente ◽  
Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon ◽  
Jolimar Antonio Schiavo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Stimulate Plant Growth

Abstract The use of alternative technologies involving biological processes, with economic and ecological gains, is desirable for both the expansion of Musa spp. farming and the renovation of areas with low yields. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can stimulate plant growth, especially by increasing the absorption of phosphorus (P) and other nutrients. This study analyzes the influence of AMF on the growth and physiology of micropropagated Musaspp. plants submitted to doses of P. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5 x 5 factorial arrangement, in which the factors were inoculation with AMF (Glomus clarum, Gigaspora margarita, , Gigaspora albida,Clareoideoglomus etunicatum, and the control without AMF) and five doses of P (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg-1), with four replicates. The application of P doses increased growth in micropropagated Musaspp. seedlings, regardless of mycorrhizal inoculation. The highest rates of mycorrhizal colonization occurred at the lowest P doses, and the dose of 50 mg kg-1 P provided better conditions for mycorrhizal formation in all AMF species under study. The symbioses with AMF, as well as the use of P, increased photosynthesis rate, thus favoring the growth, development, and quality of Musa spp. seedlings. Species G. clarum, C. etunicatum, and G. margarita were the most promising for plant growth.

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