Influences of Treatment on Long-term Outcome

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Hechtman
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Adult Outcomes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Psychosocial Treatments ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
New Challenges

Medication and/or psychosocial treatment in childhood do not appear to have an impact on adult outcomes of individuals with ADHD. There is, however, a marked decline in medication adherence in adolescence, which continues into adulthood, with less than 10% of adults with ADHD continuing to use medication. Moreover, psychosocial treatments too often do not continue to be used or adapted to new challenges. Thus, it is difficult to conclude what impact medication and/or psychosocial treatments would have on adult outcomes should these treatments be adhered to and applied continuously. As it stands, the lack of impact from treatments in childhood suggests that ADHD is a chronic condition, and that ongoing regular follow-up may be needed to offer patients interventions (medication and psychosocial treatment) that they require both to improve their symptoms in the short-term and promote more positive long-term outcome.

scholarly journals Comparative short-term and long-term outcomes between internal and external intestinal plication in the management of small bowel obstruction

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Liu ◽  
Qiongyuan Hu ◽  
Lihua Shao ◽  
Xiaofeng Lu ◽  
Xiaofei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Gut Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Function

Abstract Background Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is common and usually requires surgical intervention. Intestinal plication is a traditional but critical strategy for SBO in certain scenarios. This study is to compare the short-term and long-term outcome between internal and external plications in the management of SBO. Methods All patients receiving intestinal plication in our hospital were retrospectively collected. Short-term outcome including postoperative complications, reoperation, postoperative ICU stay, starting day of liquid diet and postoperative hospitalization, as well as long-term outcome including recurrence of obstruction, readmission, reoperation and death were compared between groups. Gut function at annual follow-up visits was evaluated as well. Results Nine internal and 11 external candidates were recruited into each group. The major causes of plication were adhesive obstruction, abdominal cocoon, volvulus and intussusception. Lower incidence of postoperative complication (p = 0.043) and shorter postoperative hospitalization (p = 0.049) was observed in internal group. One patient receiving external plication died from anastomosis leakage. During the 5-year follow-up period, the readmission rate was low in both groups (22.2 % vs. 9.1 %), and none of patients required reoperation or deceased. None of patients exhibited gut dysfunction, and all patients restored normal gut function after 4 years. Patients in external group demonstrated accelerated recovery of gut function after surgery. Conclusions This study compares short-term and long-term outcome of patients receiving internal or external intestinal plication. We suggest a conservative attitude toward external plication strategy. Surgical indication for intestinal plication is critical and awaits future investigations.

Long-term Outcome of the Cases Classified as Successes Based on Short-term Follow-up in Endodontic Microsurgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1192-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minju Song ◽  
Woncho Chung ◽  
Seung-Jong Lee ◽  
Euiseong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Endodontic Microsurgery

scholarly journals Long-term outcome following lateral foraminotomy as treatment for canine degenerative lumbosacral stenosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 (11) ◽  
pp. 352-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Andrade Gomes ◽  
Mark Lowrie ◽  
Mike Targett
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Effective Procedure ◽  
Foraminal Stenosis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Dorsal Laminectomy ◽  
Clinical Records

Lateral foraminotomy has been described as an effective surgical treatment for foraminal stenosis in the treatment of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS) in dogs. Clinical records were reviewed from 45 dogs which had undergone lateral foraminotomy at the lumbosacral junction either alone or in combination with decompressive midline dorsal laminectomy. Short-term outcome at six weeks was assessed by the surgeon to be good (11.1 per cent) or excellent (88.9 per cent) in all 45 cases. Long-term outcome beyond six months for lumbosacral syndrome was assessed by the owner as excellent in all 34 cases for which follow-up was available despite recurrence in five cases. Recurrence of clinical signs was not related to re-establishment of foraminal compression at the surgical site when assessed on repeat MRI and was managed by either contralateral foraminotomy in one case or conservative management with excellent response. This study confirms lateral foraminotomy as an effective procedure in the management of DLSS-affected dogs suffering from foraminal stenosis and demonstrates that initial good short-term results are maintained long term despite some treatable recurrences. Lateral foraminotomy is an effective procedure when used appropriately in DLSS with foraminal stenosis either alone or in combination with midline dorsal laminectomy.

Evaluation of the neurobehavioral functioning of patients before, during, and after bone marrow transplantation.

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Meyers ◽  
M Weitzner ◽  
K Byrne ◽  
A Valentine ◽  
R E Champlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Term Memory

PURPOSE To evaluate the cognitive and emotional functioning of patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in the protected environment (PE). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were given tests of cognition and mood before their hospitalization in the PE, after 2 weeks, at discharge, and at 8 months post-BMT. Locus of control, degree of social support, previous biotherapy, and on-treatment psychiatric consultation were also analyzed. RESULTS Before BMT, 20% of patients had mild cognitive dysfunction, and nearly 40% had significant anxiety. Although few patients developed problems with cognition or mood during the study, short-term memory deficits nearly doubled at follow-up compared with baseline. Anxiety decreased significantly during hospitalization and remained low at follow-up. In contrast, depression increased throughout hospitalization, but decreased at follow-up. Pre-BMT emotional status and cognitive functioning were highly related to long-term outcome. Type of BMT, locus of control, and degree of social support were related to psychologic distress and cognitive functioning, both during and after BMT. Patient age was not a predictor of neurobehavioral symptoms during or after BMT. CONCLUSION Pretransplant emotional and cognitive functioning are important determinants of long-term outcome and quality of life (QOL) in BMT patients. In addition, a few patients undergoing BMT develop short-term memory difficulties and mood disturbance that may persist. Pretransplant identification of patients at risk for neurobehavioral difficulties may guide early interventions during hospitalization. Posttransplant assessment may then be used to develop rehabilitation programs and other interventions for individuals with persisting complaints.

The predictive value of gadolinium enhancement for long term disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis-preliminary results

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Losseff ◽  
D H Miller ◽  
D Kidd ◽  
A J Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

As short-term MRI studies are increasingly being used to monitor disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) it is vital to establish if short-term MRI activity is predictive of long term clinical outcome. We followed up after 5 years a group of 10 benign (relapsing-remitting MS with a disease duration 410 years and EDSS 43) and 10 early relapsing-remitting patients who previously had monthly serial MRI scans for 6 months. In the early relapsing-remitting group median EDSS at entry to the initial serial study was three and in the benign group 2.5. At 5-year follow up, five of these 20 patients had developed a definite deterioration in EDSS. The median number of new enhancing lesions detected originally in the group that had deteriorated was 11 (7-17) compared to 0 (0-5) new enhancing lesions, for those who had not deteriorated (P50.05). There was a trend towards a higher baseline T2 lesion load in the group with a definite change in EDSS but this was not significant. This study suggests that short-term measurement of the number of gadolinium enhancing lesions may predict long term outcome in relapsing-remitting MS.

Monitoring Coping Style and Exposure Outcome in Spider Phobics

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Muris ◽  
Peter de Jong ◽  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Florence van Zuuren
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Coping Style ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Therapy Outcome ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

The present study investigated whether information seeking coping styles (monitoring and blunting) affect exposure therapy outcome. Subjects were 33 spider phobics who received one 2.5 hours session in vivo treatment. In general, the treatment yielded good results. Coping style did not contribute substantially to short-term or long-term outcome (at 18 months follow-up).

scholarly journals Long-term follow-up after fetal radiation exposure during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (12) ◽  
pp. E1909-E1914
Author(s):  
Oscar Laudanno ◽  
Jose Garrido ◽  
Gabrial Ahumarán ◽  
Pablo Gollo ◽  
Marina Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Background and study aims The main concern about endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) during pregnancy is the risk of radiation exposure to the fetus. The potential exists not only in the short-term, but also in the long-term and includes growth and development problems and the possibility of childhood cancer. Little is known about the long-term effects of fetal radiation exposure at the time of ERCP. The aim of the study was to report the long-term outcome of babies born after radiation exposure to mothers who underwent ERCP during pregnancy. Patients and methods This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. We included 24 consecutive pregnant patients who underwent ERCP due to choledocholithiasis and their children, between June 1997 and June 2015. All patients and their babies were followed up until birth to assess their short-term outcome. To assess long-term outcomes, from September 2014 to September 2015, a comprehensive medical interview was conducted with the mothers and their children. We also evaluated medical records, lab tests, school report cards, and the families completed a questionnaire inquiring about perceived health status of the children. Results Fifteen patients had full-term pregnancies. One patient had a preterm delivery (32 weeks) due to preeclampsia. There were no cases of miscarriage, stillbirth or fetal malformations. Long-term follow-up was performed at a mean age of 11.08 years (range 1–18) for the children, with no developmental delays, poor school performance, or malignancies found. Conclusions Long-term outcome in children born after radiation exposure during ERCP was unremarkable.

scholarly journals Traumatic stifle injury in 72 cats: a multicentre retrospective study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110288
Author(s):  
Mario Coppola ◽  
Smita Das ◽  
George Matthews ◽  
Matteo Cantatore ◽  
Luis Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Meniscal Injury ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Objectives The aim of the study was to describe traumatic stifle injury in cats and report complications and long-term outcome. Methods The medical records from seven veterinary hospitals of cats treated for traumatic stifle injury were reviewed. Long-term follow-up data were collected from referring veterinarians and using the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index, collected from owners. Results Seventy-two cats were included in the study. The most common combination of ligament injury involved both cruciate ligaments and the lateral collateral ligament (25.4%). Medial meniscal injury was more common (66.2%) than lateral meniscal injury (59.4%). A temporary transarticular pin was used intraoperatively to aid reduction in 23/73 (31.5%) surgeries. Postoperative immobilisation was applied in 41/72 (56.9%) cats with a mean duration of 4.8 weeks. Short-term complications occurred in 40/64 (62.5%) cats. Long-term complications occurred in seven (17.5%) cats. Overall outcome was excellent in 25/61 (41%) cats, good in 13/61 (21.3%) cats, fair in 11/61 (18%) cats and poor in 12/61 (19.7%) cats. Mean length of follow-up was 29.6 months (range 0.5–204). A significantly poorer outcome was observed in cats with medial meniscal injury and those undergoing revision surgery. Use of a transarticular pin when left in situ for postoperative immobilisation was associated with a poorer outcome (P = 0.043) and a higher risk of complications (P = 0.018). Postoperative immobilisation was not related to outcome. Conclusions and relevance Traumatic stifle injury in cats can lead to rupture of multiple ligaments causing significant instability of the joint. Surgical treatment is associated with a high rate of short-term complications, although long-term outcome may still be good to excellent in the majority of cats (62.3%). In cats where follow-up was available, postoperative immobilisation had no positive effect on outcome and may not be required. Leaving a transarticular pin for postoperative immobilisation is not recommended as it was significantly associated with a poorer outcome and a higher complication rate.

Controlled efficacy study of fluoxetine in dysthymia

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Vanelle ◽  
Dominique Attar-Levy ◽  
Marie-France Poirier ◽  
Myriam Bouhassira ◽  
Patrick Blin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
End Point

BackgroundThere have been very few controlled studies of antidepressants in dysthymia, particularly in samples diagnosed reliably and with an adequate length of follow-up. In this investigation, we measured the long-term outcome in a large group of patients meeting DSM – III -R criteria for dysthymia. This study was designed to investigate whether fluoxetine is effective in the treatment of dysthymia.MethodThis randomised study, including 140 patients, compared fluoxetine (91 patients) and placebo (49 patients) on a double-blind basis in two distinct phases: a short-term end-point (3 months with 20 mg/day fluoxetine) and a medium-term end-point (6 months) where the initial responders continued double-blind treatment unchanged and non-responders received an additional treatment of 20 mg/day fluoxetine.ResultsAfter three months of treatment, response was seen more frequently in the fluoxetine group (42/72) than in the placebo group (14/39, P <0.0001). Improved patients at 3 months were still improved at 6 months. Furthermore, 50% of the non-responders at 3 months improved and rated as responders at 6 months, after fluoxetine was increased to 40 mg daily.ConclusionsThis study showed the significant and persistent action of fluoxetine on dysthymia. The finding that 50% of the non-responders at 3 months were improved at 6 months, after fluoxetine dosage was increased to 40 mg daily, argues in favour of treating dysthymic patients for at least 6 months, and with a higher dosage if the initial doses are ineffective.

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