Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Peripheral Acoustic Disorders

2016 ◽  
pp. 860-868
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Bauch ◽  
Wayne O. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Cochlear Hearing Loss ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) testing is a useful technique for the otoneurological assessment of patients with complaints of dizziness/imbalance, hearing loss, or tinnitus. The BAEP evaluation records neuroelectric potentials from cranial nerve (CN) VIII and the ascending brain stem pathways that are elicited as a response to brief auditory stimuli. BAEPs are performed in conjunction with audiology testing since conductive hearing losses as well as sensorineural disorders can affect BAEP waveform morphology and latencies. Overall sensitivity of BAEP is over 90% for patients with a CN VIII tumor, and the false-positive rate for patients having cochlear hearing loss is 12%. This chapter reviews BAEPs in the assessment of peripheral acoustic disordes and also discusses auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder and cochlear mocrophonic assessment as an additional electrophysiological method.

Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Peripheral Acoustic Disorders

2009 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Bauch
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Cochlear Hearing Loss ◽  
Stable Measures

Hearing sensitivity in the 2000–4000 Hz range is important to BAEP assessment. Absolute latencies and interaural latency differences are often affected by increasing degrees of hearing loss in this frequency range, whereas interpeak intervals are relatively stable measures, even for patients with moderate-to-severe degrees of peripheral hearing loss. However, the reduction in amplitude or the absence of a measurable wave I associated with peripheral hearing losses often makes it difficult or impossible to measure I–III or I–V intervals. Overall sensitivity of BAEP is 92% for patients with a CN VIII tumor. The false-positive rate for patients with cochlear hearing loss is 12%. Tumor size influences BAEP test results: the sensitivity is 100% for CN VIII tumors larger than 2 cm, but it is only 82% for CN VIII tumors 1 cm or smaller.

182. Early detection of hearing loss by means of brain stem auditory evoked potentials

2008 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. e144
Author(s):  
E.B. Nuñez ◽  
R.M. Pérez ◽  
M. Amador ◽  
S. Batista
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials

Effects of Conductive Hearing Loss on Auditory Evoked Potentials and Audiogenic Seizures in Mice

1973 ◽  
Vol 244 (138) ◽  
pp. 255-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL D. McGINN ◽  
JAMES F. WILLOTT ◽  
KENNETH R. HENRY ◽  
K. R. H.
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Audiogenic Seizures ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Delayed and Progressive Hearing Loss after Microvascular Decompression of Cranial Nerves

1996 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Fuse ◽  
Margareta B. Møller
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Eighth Cranial Nerve ◽  
Progressive Hearing Loss

An unusual case of unilateral delayed and progressive hearing loss following a microvascular decompression operation on cranial nerves V, VII, and VIII on the left side is reported. Preoperative and postoperative audiologic evaluation revealed a mild high-frequency hearing loss for both ears, normal thresholds for the acoustic middle ear reflex response, and normal brain stem auditory evoked potentials. Three years after this microvascular decompression procedure, the patient noticed slowly decreasing hearing in her left ear, and subsequent serial audiograms revealed a progressive sensorineural hearing loss and a decrease in her speech discrimination score. Brain stem auditory evoked potentials showed progressive changes. Because of the patient's increasing symptoms of vertigo and tinnitus in the left ear, reexploration of the eighth cranial nerve was performed 5½ years after the initial procedure. This second operation revealed reactive tissue around the eighth cranial nerve that was atrophic and yellow. We interpret the delayed and progressive hearing loss to be a result of reactive scar tissue and progressive atrophy of the auditory nerve.

Cortical Auditory-Evoked Potentials in Response to Multitone Stimuli in Hearing-Impaired Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 406-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Bardy ◽  
Jessica Sjahalam-King ◽  
Bram Van Dun ◽  
Harvey Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Objective Detection ◽  
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Purpose: To determine if one-octave multitone (MT) stimuli increase the amplitude of cortical auditory-evoked potentials (CAEPs) in individuals with a hearing loss when compared to standard pure-tone (PT) stimuli and narrow-band noise (NBN). Research Design: CAEPs were obtained from 16 hearing-impaired adults in response to PT and MT auditory stimuli centered around 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz and NBN centered around 1 and 2 kHz. Hearing impairment ranged from a mild to a moderate hearing loss in both ears. Auditory stimuli were monaurally delivered through insert earphones at 10 and 20 dB above threshold. The root mean square amplitude of the CAEP and the detectability of the responses using Hotelling’s T2 were calculated and analyzed. Results: CAEP amplitudes elicited with MT stimuli were on average 29% larger than PT stimuli for frequencies centered around 1, 2, and 4 kHz. No significant difference was found for responses to 0.5-kHz stimuli. Significantly higher objective detection scores were found for MT when compared to PT. For the 1- and 2-kHz stimuli, the CAEP amplitudes to NBN were not significantly different to those evoked by PT but a significant difference was found between MT stimuli and both NBN and PT. The mean detection sensitivity of MT for the four frequencies was 80% at 10 dB SL and 95% at 20 dB SL, and was comparable with detection sensitivities observed in normal-hearing participants. Conclusions: Using MT stimuli when testing CAEPs in adults with hearing impairment showed larger amplitudes and a higher objective detection sensitivity compared to using traditional PT stimuli for frequencies centered around 1, 2, and 4 kHz. These findings suggest that MT stimuli are a clinically useful tool to increase the efficiency of frequency-specific CAEP testing in adults with hearing impairment.

Monitoring Auditory Nerve Potentials during Operations in the Cerebellopontine Angle

1984 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aage R. Øller ◽  
Peter J. Jannetta
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Cranial Nerves

Direct monitoring of auditory nerve potentials was performed in 19 patients undergoing retromastoid craniectomy and microvascular decompression of cranial nerves. In addition, brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BSEPs) were monitored in these patients. No patient suffered significant hearing loss. Direct monitoring of auditory nerve potentials complements the recording of BSEPs because the auditory nerve potentials can be visualized without averaging many responses. Therefore the effect of any intraoperative manipulation that is harmful to the auditory nerve can be detected instantaneously.

Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Jaundiced Gunn Rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Shapiro ◽  
Kurt E. Hecox
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Bilirubin Encephalopathy ◽  
Gunn Rats ◽  
Auditory Dysfunction ◽  
Bilirubin Toxicity

Bilirubin encephalopathy causes potentially preventable brain damage and hearing loss. The site of auditory dysfunction is controversial, despite pathologic studies showing damage to brain stem auditory nuclei in humans and experimental animals. We studied the effects of bilirubin toxicity on the auditory system of homozygous jaundiced Gunn rats by use of brain stem auditory evoked potentials. Small but statistically significant abnormalities were found for wave latencies, interwave intervals, and amplitudes.

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