Congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract

2020 ◽  
pp. 2967-2976
Author(s):  
Holm H. Uhlig
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Genetic Defects ◽  
Abdominal Wall Defects ◽  
Intestinal Lymphangiectasia ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Small Intestinal

Congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract can be divided into macroscopic anatomical abnormalities and monogenically determined, high-penetrance functional defects that present either directly postnatally or during the first few months of life. On occasion, symptoms may be delayed for months or years even in patients with substantial anatomical defects. Anatomical and structural abnormalities can affect any part of the gut. These include oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula, anterior abdominal wall defects, congenital pyloric stenosis, atresia and stenosis of the small intestine, duplication of the gastrointestinal tract, small intestinal malrotation with or without volvulus, small intestinal lymphangiectasia, Meckel’s diverticulum, congenital short intestine syndrome, colonic atresia, Hirschsprung’s disease, and imperforate anus. Meconium ileus is an intestinal obstruction that develops in utero, often associated with subsequent structural abnormalities. The widespread use of ultrasonography allows many abnormalities to be recognized prenatally. Presentation of structural congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract in adult life is uncommon, but small intestinal lymphangiectasia, Meckel’s diverticulum, or small intestinal obstruction can present beyond childhood. Functional congenital abnormalities include multiple genetic defects that cause congenital diarrhoea due to malabsorption and maldigestion, defects in enterocyte and enterochromaffin cell development, and autoimmune enteropathies. In addition, there is a group of genetic defects that predispose to development of extreme early infantile onset of inflammatory bowel disease. An interdisciplinary approach is required for the optimal management of children with complex congenital abnormalities.

Congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract

2010 ◽  
pp. 2395-2404
Author(s):  
V.M. Wright ◽  
J.A. Walker-Smith ◽  
I.R. Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Imperforate Anus ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Oesophageal Atresia ◽  
Abdominal Wall Defects ◽  
Intestinal Lymphangiectasia ◽  
Colonic Atresia ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Hirschprung's Disease

Congenital abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract usually manifest shortly after birth, but on occasion symptoms may be delayed for months or even years. Any part of the gut can be affected, with problems including oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula, anterior abdominal wall defects, congenital pyloric stenosis, atresia and stenosis of the small intestine, duplication of the gastrointestinal tract, small-intestinal malrotation with or without volvulus, small-intestinal lymphangiectasia, Meckel’s diverticulum, meconium ileus, congenital short intestine, colonic atresia, Hirschprung’s disease, and imperforate anus....

scholarly journals Perforated Meckel’s Diverticulum Lithiasis: An Unusual Cause of Peritonitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umasankar Mathuram Thiyagarajan ◽  
Amirthavarshini Ponnuswamy ◽  
Atul Bagul ◽  
Prabakar Ponnuswamy
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Healthy Individual ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum

Meckel’s diverticulum is the commonest congenital malformation of gastrointestinal tract and represents a persistent remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct. Although it mostly remains silent, it can present as bleeding, perforation, intestinal obstruction, intussusception, and tumours. These complications, especially bleeding, tend to be more common in the paediatric group and intestinal obstruction in adults. Stone formation (lithiasis) in Meckel’s diverticulum is rare. We report a case of Meckel’s diverticulum lithiasis which presented as an acute abdomen in an otherwise healthy individual. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy which revealed a perforated Meckel’s diverticulum with lithiasis; a segmental resection with end-to-end anastomosis of small bowel was performed. Patient recovery was delayed due to pneumonia, discharged on day 20 with no further complications at 6 months following surgery.

scholarly journals Intestinal obstruction due to incarcerated Meckel’s diverticulum (Littre’s hernia)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Soledad Aguado Henche ◽  
Hernández Fernández L.M ◽  
Slocker de Arce A ◽  
Díaz Pedrero R
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Femoral Hernia ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Littre’S Hernia

Meckel's diverticulum it is the most common malformation of the gastrointestinal tract. Femoral hernia is the second most common inguinal hernia, and is characterized by incarceration and strangulation. We present a case of 90-year-old woman wiht strangulation of Meckel’s diverticulum in a left-sided femoral hernia. The diverticulum was resected and hernia was repared wihtout complications. A Littre’s hernia is a complication of Meckel’s diverticulum and it is a result of its protrusion through a herniary orifice. Surgical resection is recommended for this type of hernia due to possible vascular complications, intestinal obstruction and herniation. Although usually Littre’s hernia appears in the early ages of the life, we must not ignore their possible appearance in people who are aged. We present in this case a Littre’s hernia in a very old woman.

scholarly journals Torsion of Ileum Due To Giant Meckel's Diverticulum – A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (24) ◽  
pp. 4432-4434
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duy Hung ◽  
Trinh Anh Tuan ◽  
Than Van Sy ◽  
Vu Duc Thinh ◽  
Vo Truong Nhu Ngoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Median Laparotomy ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
High Intestinal Obstruction

Background: Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is detected in approximately 2% of all individuals and only 2-4% MD patients may develop symptoms. Small intestinal obstruction is a frequent complication in adults. Case report: A 48-year-old male was admitted to emergency department for high intestinal obstruction symptoms. The imaging examinations were failed to detect the underlying causes. A median laparotomy revealed small bowel obstruction (SBO) due to a segment of ileum twisted around a giant MD axis. Conclusion: Thus, a giant MD generating torsion of ileum is an unusual complication. Preoperative diagnosis is challenging. Emergency surgery is preferred to make an accurate diagnosis and for treatment.     

scholarly journals Phytobezoar Within Meckel’s Diverticulum Presenting With Partial Intestinal Obstruction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mosaddegh ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ghafouri ◽  
Mahdi Rezai ◽  
Mohammad Reza Maghsoudi ◽  
Farzaneh Beigmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Ectopic Tissue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Partial Intestinal Obstruction

Introduction: Meckel’s Diverticulum (MD) affects approximately 2% of the population. Phytobezoar is defined as a vegetable and fiber-based ball in the gastrointestinal tract. We report a rare case of phytobezoar within MD presenting with partial intestinal obstruction. Case Reports: We hereby present a 20-year-old man who referred to the Emergency Department of a hospital with a two-day history of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation. He underwent a midline laparotomy with surgical exploration, which revealed an MD 60 cm proximal to ileocecal valve containing phytobezoar. Histopathology reported the extracted specimen as an MD without ectopic tissue. Conclusion: Meckel’s diverticulum can be affected by bezoars as well as other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. We recommend that phytobezoar within MD be considered among differential diagnosis of bowel obstruction.

scholarly journals Meckel’s diverticulum as a cause of intestinal obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 (106(812)) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
I. Garrido-Márquez ◽  
C. Dávila-Arias ◽  
E. Moya-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Frequent Form

Meckel’s diverticulum is the commonest congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. It occurs due to fibrous degeneration of the umbilical end of the omphalomesenteric duct. Its diagnosis is usually incidental, but in approximately a third of cases, it produces symptoms due to complications. One of them is small bowel obstruction, which is the second most frequent form of presentation, so the knowledge of embryology, anatomy, clinical presentation and its imaging findings are important in order to perform a correct surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Intestinal obstruction caused by Meckel’s diverticulum in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
I.V. Ksonz ◽  
◽  
Ie.M. Grytsenko ◽  
M.I. Grystenko ◽  
O.V. Ovchar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
One Step ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Partial Intestinal Obstruction

Meckel’s diverticulum is the most common variant of anomalies of incomplete obliteration of the yolk duct. Among the various malformations of the digestive tract, which can cause intestinal obstruction, Meckel’s diverticulum ranks first and is 1.7%. Purpose – to generalize the results of treatment of children with intestinal obstruction caused by Meckel’s diverticulum. Materials and methods. The experience of treating 183 children with Meckel’s diverticulum and related pathology is summarized. The main complications of Meckel’s diverticulum were intestinal obstruction, bleeding from a peptic ulcer, diverticulitis. In 100 children, the diverticulum was asymptomatic and was an accidental finding during surgery on the abdominal organs for other pathologies. Results. Intestinal obstruction caused by Meckel’s diverticulum accounted for 20.8% of all cases and 45.7% of all diverticulum-related complications. Strangulative intestinal obstruction was diagnosed in 18 patients: in 16 Meckel’s diverticulum caused internal compression, in 1 – torsion of the loops of the small intestine around the fixed diverticulum, in 1 – nodulation. In 5 observations, Meckel’s diverticulum caused the phenomenon of partial intestinal obstruction. Intussusception was detected in 15 children (small intestinal in 6 cases and ileocecal in 9). Clinical cases demonstrating the difficulties in diagnosing intesti nal intussusception caused by Meckel’s diverticulum in older children and small bowel entrapment in the mesodiverticular ligament are presented. A method of subserous diverticulectomy and one-step decompression of the small intestine was proposed. Conclusions. Meckel’s diverticulum should be considered as a probable cause of acute intestinal obstruction in children older than 2 years and who have not previously undergone surgery on the abdominal organs. In the surgical treatment of pathology caused by Meckel’s diverticulum, it is possible to use one-time decompression of the small intestine by diverticulotomy and subserous removal of the diverticulum. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: Meckel’s diverticulum, intestinal obstruction, children.

THE UMBILICAL POLYP, A REMNANT OF THE OMPHALOMESENTERIC DUCT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
Stanley E. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Omphalomesenteric Duct ◽  
Umbilical Polyp

THE PURPOSE of this paper is to report a recent case of an umbilical polyp and intestinal obstruction during the neonatal period. Umbilical polyps are rare. When present, they may be associated with Meckel's diverticulum because both are remnants of the omphalomesenteric duct. The presence of the visible polyp may give an external clue to otherwise obscure intraabdominal symptoms. A review of the literature earlier than 1916 is well summarized in a book by Thomas Cullen. This unusual volume lists six cases of umbilical polyp accompanied by other pathologic complications of Meckel's diverticulum. This author stressed that in these cases it should be pointed out to either the patient or his parents that possible intra-abdominal duct remnants may, at any time, give rise to symptoms such as intestinal obstruction. Penberthy and Benson reported a 9-year-old male with an umbilical polyp which had been present since birth and was without discharge. This youngster died following operation for intestinal obstruction due to volvulus about the diverticulum and its fibrous connection with the umbilical polyp. These authors pleaded for early elective operations in these cases prior to such complications. Gross gave other reasons for observation, and exploration at a reasonably early age, if a Meckel's diverticulum is suspected. Peritonitis from a ruptured Meckel's diverticulum is peculiarly dangerous; in young children the protecting omentum is inadequate and the migrating nature of the anomaly adds to the danger. Fluid from perforation of a diverticulum is usually of greater volume than that found in appendiceal rupture and abscess.

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