Presentation of results

Author(s):  
William J.M. Kinnear ◽  
James H. Hull

This chapter explains how a combination of tables and graphs are needed to analyse a cardiopulmonary exercise test, and how to navigate through them. The nine-panel display is the most common format, but a series of four-panel plots are sometimes used. Much of the most useful information can be presented in a single four-panel plot. The steps of the ABCDEF approach are as follows: Accurate—are the test results valid? Best—did the subject push themselves? Capacity—is exercise capacity impaired? Detect—what limited exercise? Extra value—is there any other useful information which can add value to the report? Finish—review all the graphs again before concluding.

Author(s):  
William J.M. Kinnear ◽  
James H. Hull

This chapter describes how a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) assesses the exercise capacity of an individual. It identifies whether exercise is limited by the heart or lungs, or by another factor. The test can be used to elucidate the cause of symptoms such as breathlessness. By quantifying exercise capacity, a CPET can be used as a tool to plan physical training. Information from a CPET helps quantify the risk of a surgical intervention and is used in planning post-operative care. Performance in a CPET is a predictor of subsequent mortality. A CPET should be preceded by a full clinical history and a thorough clinical examination. The test is best interpreted alongside the results of simple preliminary investigations.


Author(s):  
Ridma Jayarathna ◽  
Thomas Goddard ◽  
Charlotte Wells ◽  
Samatha Sonnappa

Author(s):  
William J.M. Kinnear ◽  
James H. Hull

Pre-test assessment describes the next step after deciding to do a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). The indication for the test must be defined, with clear end points. A CPET is a very safe test. There are well-defined conditions which increase the risk. The most serious side effects are related to heart problems, most commonly seen in subjects with unstable heart disease. Careful scrutiny of the resting electrocardiogram (ECG) is imperative prior to the test. If the subject is unwell, e.g. with a viral illness or an exacerbation of asthma, the test should be postponed. On the day of the test, the subject should take their usual medication. Caffeine and alcohol should be avoided on the day of a CPET. A light meal should be taken at least 30 minutes beforehand.


Author(s):  
William J.M. Kinnear ◽  
James H. Hull

This chapter outlines the health benefits of exercise. A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) can reassure the subject that exercise is safe for them. Exercise can be prescribed using heart rate zones derived from the CPET. Exercise should be taken for at least 30 minutes each day, or more intense exercise for 20 minutes three times per week. A common daily target for steps is 10,000.


2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piergiuseppe Agostoni ◽  
Michele Bianchi ◽  
Andrea Moraschi ◽  
Pietro Palermo ◽  
Gaia Cattadori ◽  
...  

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