Psychological interventions for cognitive dysfunction in MDD

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
Bernhard T. Baune
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Attentional Allocation ◽  
Cognitive Interventions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Positive Stimuli

The chapter psychological interventions for cognitive function in MDD outlines promising cognitive training interventions that may yield neuropsychological, cognitive, emotional, and functional benefits for patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). The chapter reviews how psychological interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy are aimed to address cognitive biases, which include distorted information appraisal or attentional allocation towards negative and away from positive stimuli. It emphasizes that specific cognitive interventions target cognitive deficits and that the use of cognitive training represents a promising and novel therapeutic option which may yield neuropsychological, affective, functional, and behavioural improvements in patients with MDD.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Trauma-Focused CBT Training Programme for IAPT services

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Murray
Keyword(s):  
Training Programme ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Early Life Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: Therapists in Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services are often expected to treat complex presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such as individuals with multiple, prolonged or early life trauma histories and significant co-morbidity, for which they have received minimal training. Although high recovery rates for PTSD have been demonstrated in randomized controlled trials, these are not always replicated in routine practice, suggesting that training interventions are required to fill the research–practice gap. Aims: This study investigated the outcomes of a therapist training programme on treating PTSD with trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT). Method: Twenty therapists from ten IAPT services participated in the training, which consisted of workshops, webinars and consultation sessions over a 6-month period. Results: Feedback indicated that participants found the training highly acceptable. PTSD knowledge and self- and supervisor-rated competence on TF-CBT measures improved following the training and improvements were maintained a year later. Client outcomes on a PTSD measure improved following the training. Participants reported attempts to disseminate learning from the course back to their teams. Conclusions: The findings indicate that the training programme was successful in improving TF-CBT knowledge, skills and outcomes for IAPT therapists. Tentative support for training ‘trauma experts’ within IAPT services was found, although institutional constraints and staff turnover may limit the sustainability of the model.

Psychological Treatments and Prevention in Bipolar Disorder - Recent Developments

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C. Kuehner
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Social Rhythm ◽  
Future Work ◽  
High Risk Children

This contribution provides a systematic review on recent developments in psychological interventions for bipolar disorder. The main focus of research to date has investigated the role of different psychotherapeutic approaches (cognitive behavioural therapy, family focused therapy, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, psychoeducation) as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for remission and relapse prevention. The review will assess efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions, their common ingredients, limitations and predictors of outcome. It will further explore the potential role of psychological interventions for primary prevention of bipolar disorders in high risk children and adolescents. Suggestions will be made for future work in these areas.

Antidepressant, antipsychotic and psychological interventions in subjects at high clinical risk for psychosis: OASIS 6-year naturalistic study

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1327-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fusar-Poli ◽  
M. Frascarelli ◽  
L. Valmaggia ◽  
M. Byrne ◽  
D. Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Naturalistic Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
High Clinical Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Background.Recent randomized controlled trials suggest some efficacy for focused interventions in subjects at high risk (HR) for psychosis. However, treating HR subjects within the real-world setting of prodromal services is hindered by several practical problems that can significantly make an impact on the effect of focused interventions.Method.All subjects referred to Outreach and Support in South London (OASIS) and diagnosed with a HR state in the period 2001–2012 were included (n = 258). Exposure to focused interventions was correlated with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at baseline. Their association with longitudinal clinical and functional outcomes was addressed at follow-up.Results.In a mean follow-up time of 6 years (s.d. = 2.5 years) a transition risk of 18% was observed. Of the sample, 33% were treated with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) only; 17% of subjects received antipsychotics (APs) in addition to CBT sessions. Another 17% of subjects were prescribed with antidepressants (ADs) in addition to CBT. Of the sample, 20% were exposed to a combination of interventions. Focused interventions had a significant relationship with transition to psychosis. The CBT + AD intervention was associated with a reduced risk of transition to psychosis, as compared with the CBT + AP intervention (hazards ratio = 0.129, 95% confidence interval 0.030–0.565, p = 0.007).Conclusions.There were differential associations with transition outcome for AD v. AP interventions in addition to CBT in HR subjects. These effects were not secondary to baseline differences in symptom severity.

scholarly journals Cognitive Training Therapy Improves the Effect of Hypocaloric Treatment on Subjects with Overweight/Obesity: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín S. Galindo Muñoz ◽  
Juana María Morillas-Ruiz ◽  
María Gómez Gallego ◽  
Inmaculada Díaz Soler ◽  
María del Carmen Barberá Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Obesity has been associated with impaired cognitive performance. This study aimed to determine whether improvements in cognitive function may contribute to higher weight loss in patients with obesity. In this randomised, 12-week trial, participants with overweight/obesity were randomised into a cognitive training intervention (Cognitive) group or a cognitive-behavioural (Control) group. In addition, both groups followed a hypocaloric dietary treatment. Cognitive functioning measurements and anthropometrical parameters were evaluated. All cognitive measures improved in the intervention group (p < 0.005 in all contrasts). In controls, significant improvements in attention, flexibility and task planning were also observed. Regarding anthropometrical parameters, the effect of the intervention in the cognitive group was higher for the total percentage of weight loss, body mass index (BMI), body fat and waist circumference. Biochemical parameters improved in both groups. Attending to our data, cognitive training was more effective that the hypocaloric intervention alone, partly related to an improvement in the working memory. Despite the shortage of training interventions for executive functions in the context of weight control, this type of combined intervention could establish the first steps towards a more appropriate intervention for patients with obesity.

Neurophysiology of cognitive behavioural therapy, deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation used in conjunction with ART treatments: a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Raad ◽  
Judy Tanios ◽  
Joseph Azoury ◽  
Alain Daher ◽  
Chadi Fakih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Management Techniques

Abstract BACKGROUND Infertility is defined as the failure to achieve clinical pregnancy after 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse. It could be due to male or female factors, each requiring different treatment options. ART treatment exposes couples to numerous psychological stressors. Therefore, it has been recommended by the ESHRE Psychology and Counselling Guideline Development Group recently that psychosocial support should be offered as a complementary therapy during infertility treatments. In this context, the efficiency of different psychological interventions, such as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), deep breathing (DB), and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), was evaluated in several clinical trials in terms of couples’ mental health and pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The neurophysiology of CBT, DB and PMR, which are used in interventional studies, in both men and women undergoing ART, has not yet been fully elucidated. This review represents a comprehensive report, aiming to collate novel insights into the neurobiological processes and physiological mechanisms that occur during the practice of CBT, DB and PMR. SEARCH METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library were interrogated to conduct this comprehensive literature review. The search was carried out using combinations of MeSH terms and keywords: infertility, assisted reproductive techniques, IVF, ICSI, emotions, psychological stress, cognitive behavioural therapy, mind-body therapies and relaxation. Relevant information related to the mechanism of action of stress management techniques were obtained from original articles and reviews published in English without taking into consideration the time of publication. Moreover, as it was not the major focus of the review, only recent systematic reviews (2015–2019) pinpointing the effects of psychological interventions on infertility treatment outcomes were also retrieved from the above-mentioned databases. OUTCOMES CBT, DB and PMR may modify the activity of stress-related brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hypothalamus and hippocampus, as demonstrated by functional MRI and electroencephalogram studies. Furthermore, applying these techniques was associated with mood improvements and a decline in stress biomarkers, and, hypothetically, reducing stress biomarkers attenuates the stress-induced effects on ART outcomes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Increasing the knowledge of fertility staff, researchers and physicians regarding the mechanisms of action of these stress management techniques has several advantages. For instance, understanding the underlying neurophysiological pathways would assist practitioners to engage ART couples in the practice of these techniques. Also, it may enhance the quality of the support programmes and psychological research. Accordingly, this will ensure that these interventions reach their full potential and therefore improve clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Psychological interventions for mental health disorders in children with chronic physical illness: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Bennett ◽  
Roz Shafran ◽  
Anna Coughtrey ◽  
Susan Walker ◽  
Isobel Heyman
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Chronic Physical Illness ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundChildren with chronic physical illness are significantly more likely to develop common psychiatric symptoms than otherwise healthy children. These children therefore warrant effective integrated healthcare yet it is not established whether the known, effective, psychological treatments for symptoms of common childhood mental health disorders work in children with chronic physical illness.MethodsEMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases were searched with predefined terms relating to evidence-based psychological interventions for psychiatric symptoms in children with chronic physical illness. We included all studies (randomised and non-randomised designs) investigating interventions aimed primarily at treating common psychiatric symptoms in children with a chronic physical illness in the review. Two reviewers independently assessed the relevance of abstracts identified, extracted data and undertook quality analysis.ResultsTen studies (209 children, including 70 in control groups) met the criteria for inclusion in the review. All studies demonstrated some positive outcomes of cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms in children with chronic physical illness. Only two randomised controlled trials, both investigating interventions for symptoms of depression, were found.ConclusionsThere is preliminary evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy has positive effects in the treatment of symptoms of depression and anxiety in children with chronic physical illness. However, the current evidence base is weak and fully powered randomised controlled trials are needed to establish the efficacy of psychological treatments in this vulnerable population.

Psychological treatment of depression in children and adolescents

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Harrington ◽  
Jane Whittaker ◽  
Philp Shoebridge
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

BackgroundThis paper reviews research on the psychological treatment of depression in children.MethodManual and computer literature searches were performed.ResultsThe most promising psychological interventions for depression in children are individual rather than family therapies. Cognitive – behavioural therapy seems to be an effective treatment for depressive symptoms and mild depressive disorders. It may also be a useful preventive intervention, though this remains to be conclusively demonstrated. There have been no systematic studies comparing psychological treatments with medication.ConclusionsStudies comparing psychological treatments and medication are now required.

Using targeted cognitive behavioural therapy in clinical work: a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Harris ◽  
Claudia Kustner ◽  
Rachel Paskell ◽  
Chris Hannay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Specific Phobia ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Practitioners ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Health Practitioners

Abstract Research shows high levels of complex co-morbidities within psychiatric populations, and there is an increasing need for mental health practitioners to be able to draw on evidence-based psychological interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), to work with this population effectively. One way CBT may be utilised when working with complexity or co-morbidity is to target treatment at a particular aspect of an individual’s presentation. This study uses a single-case A-B design to illustrate an example of using targeted diagnosis-specific CBT to address symptoms of a specific phobia of stairs in the context of a long-standing co-morbid diagnosis of schizophrenia. Results show the intervention to have been effective, with a change from a severe to mild phobia by the end of intervention. Clinical implications, limitations and areas for future research are discussed. Key learning aims (1) There are high levels of co-morbid, complex mental health problems within psychiatric populations, and an increasing need for mental health practitioners to be able to work with co-morbidity effectively. (2) Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) remains one of the most well-evidenced psychological interventions with a large amount of research highlighting the effectiveness of diagnosis-specific CBT. (3) One way evidence-based diagnosis-specific CBT approaches could be utilised when working with more complex co-morbidity may be to target an intervention at a specific set of symptoms. (4) An example of using a targeted CBT intervention (to tackle a specific phobia of stairs in the context of a long-standing co-morbid diagnosis of schizophrenia and ongoing hallucinations) is presented. The outcomes show significant changes in the specific phobia symptoms, suggesting that CBT can be effectively used in this targeted manner within real-world clinical settings. The impact of co-morbid mental health difficulties on therapeutic process and outcomes are highlighted. (5) The use of cognitive restructuring techniques was identified as key to engagement and therapeutic process, supporting the importance of including cognitive techniques in the treatment of phobias compared with purely behavioural exposure-based interventions.

scholarly journals A Lived Experience Co-Designed Study Protocol for a Randomised Control Trial: The Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP) or Brief Cognitive Behavioural Therapy as Additional Interventions After a Suicide Attempt Compared to a Standard Suicide Prevention Pathway (SPP).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas JC Stapelberg ◽  
Candice Bowman ◽  
Sabine Woerwag-Mehta ◽  
Sarah Walker ◽  
Angela Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Short Intervention

Abstract Background Despite being preventable, suicide is a leading cause of death and a major global public health problem. For every death by suicide, many more suicide attempts are undertaken, and this presents as a critical risk factor for suicide. Currently there are limited treatment options with limited underpinning research for those who present to Emergency Departments with suicidal behaviour. The aim of this study is to assess if adding one of two structured suicide specific psychological interventions (Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program [ASSIP] or Brief Cognitive Behavioural Therapy [CBT] for Suicide Prevention) to a standardised clinical care approach (Suicide Prevention Pathway [SPP]) improves outcomes for consumers presenting to a Mental Health Service with a suicide attempt. Methods This is a randomised controlled trial with blinding of those assessing the outcomes. People who attempt suicide or experience suicidality after a suicide attempt, present to the Gold Coast Mental Health and Specialist Services, are placed on the Suicide Prevention Pathway (SPP) and meet the eligibility criteria, are offered the opportunity to participate. A total of 411 participants will be recruited for the study, with 137 allocated to each cohort (participants are randomised to SPP, ASSIP + SPP, or CBT + SPP). The primary outcomes of this study are re-presentation to hospital with suicide attempt and/or suicidal ideations. Death by suicide rates will also be examined. Self-reported level of suicidality, depression, anxiety, stress, resilience, problem-solving skills, self- and therapist-reported level of therapeutic engagement are also being examined. Psychometric data are collected at baseline, end of interventions, 6,12, and 24 months. Discussion This project will move both ASSIP and Brief CBT from efficacy to effectiveness research, with clear aims of assessing the addition of two structured psychological interventions to treatment as usual, providing a cost-benefit analysis of the interventions, thus delivering outcomes providing a clear pathway for rapid translation of successful interventions. Trials registration : NCT04072666 - Registered on 28th August 2019 on Clinical Trials US Gov (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04072666?term=NCT04072666&draw=2&rank=1) and ANZCTR (https://www.anzctr.org.au/TrialSearch.aspx)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document