Lumps and bumps

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubeta Matin ◽  
Jane McGregor ◽  
Catherine Harwood
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Internal Source ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Skin Tags ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Melanoma Skin

A skin ‘lump or bump’ is taken here to refer to a lesion on the skin that an individual recognizes as something new or unusual. It comprises a heterogeneous group and presents in many guises, usually to primary care. Common causes of ‘lumps and bumps’ include warts, moles, skin tags, dermatofibromas, lipomas, epidermoid cysts, and, of course, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Distinguishing malignant from non-malignant is not always straightforward. Maintaining a low threshold for referral into secondary care is wise, especially for pigmented lesions, but also for those lesions where there is no obvious diagnosis. Occasionally, a lump in the skin may have arisen from an internal source, such as a metastasis or lymph node. This chapter describes only primary cutaneous lesions and classifies them according to their origin.

Surgical Management of Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Wargo ◽  
Kenneth Tenabe
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Stage Iv Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Skin

The prevalence of malignant skin cancers has increased significantly over the past several years. Approximately 1.2 million cases of non-melanoma skin cancer are diagnosed per year. More alarming, up to 80,000 cases of melanoma are diagnosed per year, an incidence that has been steadily increasing, with a lifetime risk of 1 in 50 for the development of melanoma. The disturbing increase in the incidence of both non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma can largely be attributed to the social attitude toward sun exposure. The clinical assessment and management of skin lesions can be challenging. This review describes the assessment process, including thorough history and examination; the need for possible biopsy; and excision criteria. Specific types of skin cancer are distinguished and include basal cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; and melanoma; and for each type the incidence; epidemiology; histologic subtypes; diagnosis; and both surgical and non-surgical treatments are provided. Stages I-IV of melanoma are detailed, with prognostic factors described. Surgical treatment for stages I and II include description of the margins of excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The surgical treatment of Stage III melanoma further includes therapeutic lymph node dissection and isolated limb perfusion. Adjuvant therapies are also presented and include radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The additional treatment of metastasectomy for Stage IV melanoma is described. For both Stage III and IV melanoma, the study of vaccines to host immune cells is reported. For Stage IV melanoma, the text also describes immunotherapy treatment. Operative procedures specific to superficial and deep groin dissections are outlined. This review contains 9 figures, 3 tables, and 96 references.

Skull Base and Intracranial Invasion Patterns and Survival Outcomes of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Dundar ◽  
Richard Cannon ◽  
Marcus Monroe ◽  
Luke Buckman ◽  
Jason Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Invasion Patterns ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Birth marks and neonatal skin disorders. From angel kiss to epidermolysis bullosa

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (13) ◽  
pp. 500-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsanett Csoma ◽  
Angéla Meszes ◽  
Rita Ábrahám ◽  
Judit Bakki ◽  
Zita Gyurkovits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
Mongolian Spot ◽  
Neonatal Skin

Introduction: At present there are no exact epidemiologic data on the prevalence of neonatal skin disorders and birth marks in Hungary. Aim: The aim of the authors was to investigate the prevalence of skin disorders in mature healthy neonates after birth. Method: The survey was carried out in the Neonatal Care Unit at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of Szeged between April, 2012 and May, 2013. Results:A total of 2289 newborn infants underwent whole-body screening skin examinations. At least one skin manifestation was found in 63% of the neonates. The major groups of skin disorders were transient benign cutaneous lesions, vascular lesions, pigmented lesions, traumatic, iatrogenic, congenital or acquired disorders with skin injuries, developmental abnormalities and benign skin tumours. The most frequent transient cutaneous lesions were erythema toxicum neonatorum, sebaceous hyperplasia and desquamation. The most common vascular lesions were naevus simplex, haemangioma and haemangioma precursor lesion, while the most frequently observed pigmented lesions were congenital melanocytic naevi and Mongolian spot. Conclusions: In the vast majority of cases, special treatment was not necessary, but 5.27% of the neonates required local dermatologic therapy, and in 9.2% of neonates follow up was recommended. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(13), 500–508.

Investigative Landscape in Advanced Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Reddy ◽  
Min Yao ◽  
Monaliben Patel
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Melanoma Skin
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