Germ cell tumours

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Alapetite ◽  
Takaaki Yanagisawa ◽  
Ryo Nishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Immature Teratoma ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour ◽  
Mixed Tumours ◽  
Comprehensive Discussion

Central nervous system germ cell tumours are mysterious tumours, which are common in young male adults in eastern Asia, and include germinoma, mature and immature teratoma, teratoma with malignant transformation, yolk sac tumour, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and mixed tumours of these components. The aetiological mechanism why they mostly develop in the pineal and neurohypophyseal region is still unknown. Their treatment is also a challenge; surgery is demanding, and sometimes biopsy would be preferred. Radiotherapy is effective, but its dose and field would be better reduced for young adults and children. Chemotherapy is effective but not enough for especially non-germinomatous tumours. This chapter presents a comprehensive discussion about those challenging diseases.

scholarly journals RARE CASES OF MIXED GERM CELL TUMOUR OF TESTIS- A REPORT OF TWO CASES WITH UNCOMMON COMBINATIONS AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Anshu Jamaiyar ◽  
Joyeeta Mandal ◽  
Anupriya Anupriya
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Germ Cell Tumour ◽  
Immature Teratoma ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour ◽  
Rare Category

Mixed germ cell tumours of testis represent a comparatively rare category of testicular tumour where different types of both seminomatous and non-seminomatous tumours can be present in varied proportions. We report two cases of mixed germ cell tumours, one consisting of seminoma, embryonal carcinoma and post-pubertal teratoma in the testis of a 22-year-old male and second consisting of a yolk sac tumour and immature teratoma in the testis of a 19-year-old male. We report theses case due to the rare combination and for documentation

Germ cell tumours

2010 ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
George Samandouras
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour

Chapter 8.14 covers germ cell tumours, including germinoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumour, choriocarcinoma, and teratomas.

PARP expression in germ cell tumours

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Mego ◽  
Zuzana Cierna ◽  
Daniela Svetlovska ◽  
Dusan Macak ◽  
Katarina Machalekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour

BackgroundPoly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) inhibitors represent a new class of promising drugs in anticancer therapy.AimsTo evaluate PARP expression in testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs) and to correlate expression patterns with clinicopathological variables.MethodsIn this translational study, tumour specimens from 124 patients with GCTs (114 patients with testicular primary tumours and 10 with extragonadal GCTs) were identified. PARP expression was detected by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies, scored by the multiplicative quickscore (QS) method and compared to PARP expression in normal testicular tissue.ResultsWe observed higher expression of PARP in testicular tumours compared to normal testicular tissue (mean QS=10.04 vs 3.31, p<0.0000001). Mean QS±SD for each histological subtype was as follows: intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified (IGCNU)=18.00±0.00, embryonal carcinoma=9.62±5.64, seminoma=9.74±6.51, yolk sac tumour=7.8±7.20, teratoma=5.87±5.34, and choriocarcinoma=4.50±8.33. The PARP overexpression (QS>9) was most often detected in IGCNU (100% of specimen with PARP overexpression), seminona (52.6%), embryonal carcinoma (47.0%), yolk sac tumour (33.3%), teratoma (26.7%) and choriocarcinoma (25.0%), compared to 1.9% of normal testicular tissue specimens. There was no association between PARP expression and clinical variables.ConclusionsIn this pilot study, we showed for the first time, that PARP is overexpressed in testicular germ cell tumours compared to normal testis.

scholarly journals Mediastinal mixed germ cell tumor: A case report and literature review

Open Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 892-898
Author(s):  
Xianwen Hu ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Jinhua Xia ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Jiong Cai
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Embryonal Carcinoma ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Immature Teratoma ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumor ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Mixed Germ Cell Tumor

Abstract Mixed germ cell tumor (MGCT) mainly occurs in young women’s ovaries and men’s testicles and rarely occurs outside the gonad. Fewer than 10 cases of mediastinal MGCT are available in PubMed, Embase, and other databases in English, while mediastinal MGCT with three pathological components, such as yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and embryonal carcinoma, has not been reported previously. A 12-year-old male sought medical attention for chest discomfort and underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan. A large soft tissue mass occupying most of the left thoracic cavity and mediastinum was detected. A CT-guided biopsy was performed, and an MGCT was diagnosed with pathological components, including yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and a small amount of embryonal carcinoma. Due to the large size of the tumor, the patient was treated with an EP regimen (etoposide + cisplatin) and paclitaxel + ifosfamide + cisplatin interstitial chemotherapy. The patient was followed up for 6 months and was alive with the disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the 10th patient with MGCT in the mediastinum. The incidence of mediastinal MGCT is low, but it should still be considered one of the differential diagnoses of isolated pleural fibroma and neurogenic tumors.

scholarly journals Yolk sac tumour of ovary with fever and overt hypothyroidism: rare clinical presentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e232114
Author(s):  
Megha Kansara ◽  
Garima Yadav ◽  
Meenakshi Gothwal ◽  
Pratibha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
Fertility Sparing ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour

Yolk sac tumours of the ovary are rare and highly malignant germ cell tumours, which comprise of only 10%–15% of all malignant germ cell tumours. They have various clinical presentations most common being subacute pelvic pain and feeling of lump but sometimes high-grade fever can be one of the rare presentations. Here, we present a case report of a 26-year-old nulliparous woman with 36 weeks gravid uterus size advanced stage yolk sac tumour of one ovary with fever as main clinical presentation and overt hypothyroidism. We did staging laparotomy with total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy with multiple peritoneal biopsies. Postoperatively, we had started adjuvant chemotherapy. Since yolk sac tumours are highly aggressive tumours as they rapidly increase in size, their early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management is required particularly in young women where fertility sparing surgery is possible in early stage with good prognosis.

Primary skull-based yolk-sac tumour: case report and review of central nervous system germ cell tumours

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Verma ◽  
Shawn Malone ◽  
Christina Canil ◽  
Gerard Jansen ◽  
Howard Lesiuk
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes in malignant ovarian germ cell tumors

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5256
Author(s):  
Ram Kumar B.
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Chemotherapy Regimen ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Germ Cell Tumour ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Fertility Sparing Surgery ◽  
Fertility Sparing ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour

Background: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours are rare group of ovarian neoplasms derived from primordial germ cells of the ovary. Objective of present study was to evaluate the outcome of treatment in malignant germ cell tumours.Methods: 21 Patients of malignant ovarian germ cell tumours registered at Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chennai for the period from January 2012 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed for treatment outcomes.Results: The median age at presentation was 21 years with age range between 14 and 40 years. 9patients (43%) presented with mixed germ cell tumour, 6 patients (29%) with dysgerminoma, 3 patients (14%) with yolk sac tumour and 3 patients (14%)with mature cystic teratoma. 13 patients (62%) presented with Stage I disease, 5 patients (24%) with Stage III and 3 patients (14%) with Stage II. Fertility sparing surgery was done in 15 patients (71%), and 4 patients (19%) who completed family had TAH with BSO done. Adjuvant Chemotherapy was given for 16 patients (76%) and as Neoadjuvant in 2patients (10%) who had biopsy alone performed. 4patients (19%) developed recurrence and was taken for salvage PVI chemotherapy.Conclusions: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours are relatively uncommon neoplasms characterized by high chemo sensitivity. This study confirms that malignant ovarian germ cell tumours have excellent prognosis and the effectiveness of BEP chemotherapy regimen. Fertility sparing surgery is feasible in most cases. Advanced Stage configured as an important risk factor for survival. The chemotherapy regimen was associated with significant but manageable toxicity.

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