Study of histopathological spectrum of ovarian lesions

Ovarian pathology ranges from innocuous non-neoplastic lesions to malignant neoplastic entities. The incidence, clinical appearance and the behaviour of the different types of ovarian tumour is extremely variable. In order to have a better understanding of frequency and histomorphological patterns of different ovarian lesions study was encountered in our tertiary care hospital.To study the histopathology of ovarian non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions and to study the distribution of ovarian lesions with respect to various parameters like age, bilaterality, gross and microscopic features.This is a prospective study of 125 ovarian specimens received in department of pathology, G.K. General Hospital, Bhuj during August 1, 2018 to July 31, 2020. Total 125 cases of ovarian specimens were studied, amongst them 58 were non-neoplastic and remaining 67 were neoplastic. The most common non-neoplastic lesion seen was follicular cysts 12 cases (21%), followed by endometriosis 9 cases (16%). Among 67 neoplastic ovarian lesions 58(87%) cases were benign, 3(4%) cases were borderline and 6 (9%) cases were malignant. In benign ovarian neoplasm, most commonly seen lesions were serous cystadenoma 24 cases (36%) followed by 13 cases (20%) of mature cystic teratoma. In malignant cases, maximum was of high-grade serous cystadenocarcinoma.Ovarian epithelial tumours are the most common type, while serous cystadenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy. Histological examination is gold standard and in certain difficult cases require immunohistochemistry.Ovary is an important reproductive organ with involvement in production of progeny.Ovarian pathology ranges from innocuous non-neoplastic lesions to malignant neoplastic entities. Ovarian neoplasms have become increasingly important not only because of the wide range of neoplasms, but also because they have gradually increased the mortality rate. The incidence, clinical appearance and the behaviour of the different types of ovarian tumour is extremely variable.

Recurrent Adult Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Developing Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Literatures

Sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCT) are most commonly seen in infants and children but are rare in adults. Most adult SCT are benign and mature with a minority of tumors having immature components or overt malignancy. Here, we report a 65-year-old female with a SCT developing adenocarcinoma. The patient was diagnosed with benign sacrococcygeal cystic teratoma on her initial hospital visit and was treated with surgical resection. She was followed up postoperatively and was noted to have a markedly elevated CA 19-9 level 13 months after the surgery. Radiological and clinical examination revealed thickening of the perirectal soft tissues, located near the inferior portion of her previous incision site. Histological evaluation of the lesion showed invasive, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining results were suggestive, but not diagnostic, of anal gland adenocarcinoma. This case report expands the knowledge regarding an adenocarcinoma arising from a previously benign, adult SCT.

Histopathologic pattern of ovarian masses in Usmanu Danfodiyo university teaching hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Diseases of the ovary are diversely arising from the different parenchymal tissue components. This span between reactive functional cysts to more debilitating ovarian carcinoma. Ovarian carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer and one of the leading cause of cancer death among female. This study aims to determine the epidemiological and histopathological patterns of ovarian masses in our setting.The study material was all the ovarian tissues biopsy specimen submitted to the Department of Histopathology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto over five years. These were fixed in 10% formal saline embedded in paraffin wax, tissue blocks formed and were sections and stained with hematoxylin and eosin on the glass slides. Request cards and case folders were used to extract clinical information. These were reviewed, analysed and presented as frequency distribution figures.There were 112 ovarian biopsies during the study period. Their ages ranged between 13 and 67 years and peaked in the fourth decade of life. Fifty per cent of all the cases were seen between the ages of 21 and 40 years. Benign neoplastic diseases formed 50% of the ovarian masses and matured cystic teratoma was the most common. Others were reactive and functional ovarian cysts (24.1%), malignant neoplastic conditions (14.3%) and inflammatory / infectious diseases (11.6%). Overall mature cystic teratoma constitutes 27% of the entire ovarian masses. Matured cystic teratoma was the most common disease of the ovary in our setting, afflicting young female, while malignant tumours dominated by serous cystadenocarcinoma affect the older age group. The fourth decade of life was the most common age of affectation. We advocate for proper histopathologic evaluation of all ovarian masses to arrive at a definitive diagnosis to offer an appropriate treatment modality.