Bladder exstrophy and epispadias

2021 ◽  
pp. 1295-1302
Author(s):  
Dan Wilby ◽  
Dan Wood
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Complex Process

Bladder exstrophy and epispadias are congenital anomalies of the urogenital tract with deformity of the genitals as well as the pelvis, abdominal wall, and bladder in exstrophy. Reconstruction of the anomalies is a complex process with the aims of restoring function and appearance. Fertility and management of pregnancy in the exstrophy patient are also discussed in this chapter.

scholarly journals The Genomic Architecture of Bladder Exstrophy Epispadias Complex

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Glenda M. Beaman ◽  
Raimondo M. Cervellione ◽  
David Keene ◽  
Heiko Reutter ◽  
William G. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
Genomic Architecture ◽  
Developmental Mechanisms ◽  
Anatomical Characterization

The bladder exstrophy–epispadias complex (BEEC) is an abdominal midline malformation comprising a spectrum of congenital genitourinary abnormalities of the abdominal wall, pelvis, urinary tract, genitalia, anus, and spine. The vast majority of BEEC cases are classified as non-syndromic and the etiology of this malformation is still unknown. This review presents the current knowledge on this multifactorial disorder, including phenotypic and anatomical characterization, epidemiology, proposed developmental mechanisms, existing animal models, and implicated genetic and environmental components.

Orthopaedic Management of Bladder Exstrophy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Özgür Özer
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Orthopedic Procedures ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Cloacal Exstrophy ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Pubic Rami ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Pubic Diastasis

Bladder exstrophy is an embryologic malformation that affects urogenital and skeletal systems. Non-operative treatment of this rare problem is impossible. Urogenital reconstructions can be facilitated by orthopedic procedures. These reconstructions can be performed in a single stage as a complete repair or multi-stage approaches. The goal of the treatment is closure of the bladder and abdominal wall for the achievement of continence, preservation of renal functions, and cosmetic and functional reconstruction of genital organs. Orthopedic procedures are performed to decrease the tension that complicates the bladder and abdominal wall closure by approximating the pubic rami to achieve a secure closure and a low recurrence rate. Surgical interventions consist of the approximation of the pubic rami with different materials such as suture materials and plaque or the application of different osteotomy types such as posterior iliac, anterior pelvic (pubic), diagonal iliac, horizontal iliac and posterior pelvic resection osteotomies. The age of the patient, the amount of pubic diastasis and history of previous operations that the patient has undergone should be considered during the operation planning. Pubic rami can be approximated without performing pelvic osteotomy in patients who are operated within the first 72 hours after birth. But, osteotomy is required in children older than 2 years of age with severe pubic diastasis, concomitant cloacal exstrophy and unsuccessful operation history. The surgical team should have enough knowledge and experience to perform different osteotomy types in case of need to combine anterior and posterior iliac osteotomies. With these multidisciplinary approaches, much more successful outcomes could be achieved.

scholarly journals Scar Endometriosis in a Patient With Bladder Exstrophy

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahito Kitajima ◽  
Mikihiro Inoue ◽  
Keiichi Uchida ◽  
Kohei Otake ◽  
Masato Kusunoki
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Scar Endometriosis ◽  
Abdominal Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lower Abdominal Wall

Abstract Endometriosis is an ectopic occurrence of tissue morphologically and functionally resembling endometrial tissue in regions outside the uterine cavity. Although scar endometriosis after surgery has been shown to be most common among all the extrapelvic forms of endometriosis, endometriosis after bladder exstrophy surgery has not been reported, and here we present the first known case. A 26-year-old woman with a history of bladder exstrophy was aware of a painful induration at the operative scar located in the left lower abdominal wall, and presented at our hospital. Although the symptoms resolved, recurring exacerbation was observed after 9 months. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging showed a heterogeneous mass 16 mm in diameter in the left abdominal wall with high signal intensity on T1W1 and T2W1 images. She underwent excisional biopsy of the lesion under general anesthesia. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of endometriosis. Eighteen months after surgery, she was well and free from recurrence.

scholarly journals Urinary Bladder Adenocarcinoma Metastatic to the Abdominal Wall: Report of a Case with Cytohistologic Correlation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Nath ◽  
Mithra Baliga
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
Signet Ring Cell ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Bladder Dome ◽  
Primary Bladder ◽  
Rare Malignancy ◽  
Urachal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Bladder Adenocarcinoma

We report a case of adenocarcinoma metastatic to the abdominal wall in a 71-year-old man with a history of primary bladder adenocarcinoma. CT-guided core biopsy was performed; imprints and histologic sections showed malignant glands lined by tumor cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli, infiltrating through skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity for CK7, membranous/cytoplasmicβ-catenin, caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2), andα-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase and negativity for CK20, p63, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and prostate-specific acid phosphatase (PSAP). These findings were interpreted as metastatic adenocarcinoma, consistent with bladder primary. Primary bladder adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy arising within glandular metaplasia and is associated with cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis. Predisposing factors include bladder exstrophy, schistosomiasis, and other causes of chronic bladder irritation. This tumor is divided into intestinal, clear cell, and signet ring cell subtypes. Treatment involves radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection, and prognosis is unfavorable. Primary bladder adenocarcinoma should be differentiated from urachal adenocarcinoma, which arises from urachal remnants near the bladder dome, and secondary adenocarcinoma, or vesical involvement by adenocarcinoma from a different primary. CK7, CK20, CDX2, thrombomodulin, andβ-catenin can help distinguish primary bladder adenocarcinoma from colonic adenocarcinoma; PSA and PSAP can help distinguish primary bladder adenocarcinoma from prostate adenocarcinoma.

Congenital Anomalies of the Female Urogenital Tract

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Croak ◽  
John B. Gebhart
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Urogenital Tract

scholarly journals Classic abdominoplasty: a new approach to the correction of the abdominal wall deformity in patients with bladder exstrophy - a case report

Clinics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 929-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Moura ◽  
Jonas Eraldo de Lima Junior ◽  
Eduardo Sakae ◽  
Fabio Aki ◽  
Amilcar Martins Giron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
New Approach

Normal umbilicus and infra-umbilical abdominal wall in bladder exstrophy

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. SRIPATHI ◽  
S. SEN ◽  
S. AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy

scholarly journals Perioperative Challenges in Repeat Bladder Exstrophy Repair - Case Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-435
Author(s):  
Otu Enenyi Etta ◽  
Monday Ituen
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Epidural Analgesia ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Bladder Exstrophy ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Caudal Epidural ◽  
Wall Following ◽  
Prolonged Surgery

Bladder exstrophy is a rare congenital malformation. It presents as leakage of urine in the anterior abdominal wall following defects in midline anterior abdominal wall skin and bladder. We report the use of combined general anaesthesia and caudal epidural analgesia in a 4yr old boy for repeat bladder exstrophy repair. Problems of prolonged surgery and the challenges of pain and sedation management in the post operative period are discussed.

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