On the systematics and ecology of two new species of Provanna (Gastropoda: Provannidae) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Caribbean Sea and Southern Ocean

ABSTRACT The recent discovery and exploration of deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields in the Mid-Cayman Spreading Centre, Caribbean Sea (Beebe Vent Field, 4956–4972 m depth) and the East Scotia Ridge, Southern Ocean (E2 and E9 vent fields, 2394–2641 m depth) have yielded extensive collections of two new provannid species, Provanna beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp. Morphological and molecular taxonomy (530 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene) confirm P. beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp. as distinct species; these species are formally described, and details are provided of their distribution, habitat and species associations. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses support the placement of P. beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp within the genus Provanna and show that these two new deep-sea species form a well-supported clade with the abyssal West Pacific P. cingulata. Provanna beebei n. sp. and P. cooki n. sp. represent the first records of Provanna from hydrothermal vents in the Caribbean Sea and Southern Ocean, respectively, and extend the known geographic range of the genus. For the first time, intraspecific phenotypic variation in size and sculpture has been reported for Provanna. At the East Scotia Ridge, shell-size frequency distributions and median shell size of P. cooki n. sp. varied significantly between the E2 and E9 vent fields, as well as between diffuse flow and high-temperature venting habitats within each field. The variation in shell sculpture in relation to habitat was also observed in P. cooki n. sp.

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A new species of Raricirrus (Annelida: Cirratuliformia) from deep-water sunken wood off California

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4353.1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4353 (1) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

WAGNER F. MAGALHÃES ◽

KATRIN LINSE ◽

HELENA WIKLUND

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

New Species ◽

Southern Ocean ◽

Deep Water ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Hydrothermal Vents ◽

Scotia Ridge ◽

Coi Sequences ◽

A New Species

The genus Raricirrus is characterized by the absence of feeding palps, presence of filamentous branchiae, posterior segments shorter and wider than preceding ones, and by having diverse types of chaetae, including serrate capillaries, long natatory capillaries, falcate and finely pectinate, coarsely serrate chaetae and simple curved spines. A new species of Raricirrus is proposed based on morphological and mitochondrial DNA data. The K2P distance comparison of 16S and COI sequences from Raricirrus specimens collected from sunken wood in the deep-sea (3100 m) off Monterey, California, differed in less than 0.02 in both loci from those of another undescribed Raricirrus species collected at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the East Scotia Ridge, Southern Ocean, and they are considered conspecific. This species is unique among its congeners by the lack of serrate chaetae, presence of acicular spines and neuropodial capillaries. Raricirrus jennae sp. nov. has only long capillaries on anterior notopodia, straight acicular spines with companion capillaries on posterior notopodia (from chaetigers 15–20), and similar acicular spines and companion capillaries throughout neuropodia. Raricirrus jennae sp. nov. appears to be an opportunistic and widely distributed species. The genus Raricirrus is emended to include the presence of acicular spines and keys to all cirratulid and ctenodrilid genera and Raricirrus species are presented.

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Microdistribution of Faunal Assemblages at Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in the Southern Ocean

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0048348 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. e48348 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Leigh Marsh ◽

Jonathan T. Copley ◽

Veerle A. I. Huvenne ◽

Katrin Linse ◽

William D. K. Reid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southern Ocean ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Hydrothermal Vents ◽

Faunal Assemblages

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Cutting through the smoke: the diversity of microorganisms in deep-sea hydrothermal plumes

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.160829 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 160829 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anni Djurhuus ◽

Svein-Ole Mikalsen ◽

Helge-Ansgar Giebel ◽

Alex D. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Community Composition ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Hydrothermal Vent ◽

Hydrothermal Vents ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Black Smoker ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Diffuse Flow ◽

Environmental Selection

There are still notable gaps regarding the detailed distribution of microorganisms between and within insular habitats such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents. This study investigates the community composition of black smoker vent microorganisms in the Southern Hemisphere, and changes thereof along a spatial and chemical gradient ranging from the vent plume to surrounding waters. We sampled two hydrothermal vent fields, one at the South West Indian Ridge (SWIR), the other at the East Scotia Ridge (ESR). Samples were collected across vent fields at varying vertical distances from the origin of the plumes. The microbial data were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform for the 16SrRNA gene. A substantial amount of vent-specific putative chemosynthetic microorganisms were found, particularly in samples from focused hydrothermal venting. Common vent-specific organisms from both vent fields were the genera Arcobacter , Caminibacter and Sulfurimonas from the Epsilonproteobacteria and the SUP05 group from the Gammaproteobacteria. There were no major differences in microbial composition between SWIR and ESR for focused plume samples. However, within the ESR the diffuse flow and focused samples differed significantly in microbial community composition and relative abundance. For Epsilonproteobacteria, we found evidence of niche-specificity to hydrothermal vent environments. This taxon decreased in abundance by three orders of magnitude from the vent orifice to background water. Epsilonproteobacteria distribution followed a distance–decay relationship as vent-effluents mixed with the surrounding seawater. This study demonstrates strong habitat affinity of vent microorganisms on a metre scale with distinct environmental selection.

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A new species of Pachycara Zugmayer, 1911 (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) from deep-sea chemosynthetic environments in the Caribbean Sea

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4066.1.5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4066 (1) ◽

pp. 71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. ERIC ANDERSON ◽

RUSSELL SOMERVILLE ◽

JONATHAN T. COPLEY

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Caribbean Sea ◽

The Caribbean ◽

A New Species

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North American microtektites in Deep Sea Drilling Project cores from the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico

Geological Society of America Bulletin ◽

10.1130/0016-7606(1979)90<595:namtid>2.0.co;2 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 90 (6) ◽

pp. 595 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

B. P. GLASS ◽

M. J. ZWART

Keyword(s):

Gulf Of Mexico ◽

North American ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Caribbean Sea ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Drilling Project

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Deep-sea holothurians (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) from the Colombian Southern Caribbean Sea

Check List ◽

10.15560/16.3.535 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 535-551 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Giomar H. Borrero-Pérez ◽

Luisa F. Dueñas ◽

Jorge León ◽

Vladimir Puentes

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Caribbean Sea ◽

Species Level ◽

Southern Caribbean ◽

The Caribbean ◽

First Time ◽

Video Surveys

Fifteen morphotypes of deep-sea holothurians were documented by photography or videography at depths of 596–2,566 m, using Remote Operated Vehicles (ROV) video surveys and towed camera transects, during hydrocarbon exploratory activities in the Colombian Southern Caribbean. Most of the morphotypes were identified to the species level based on the images. The species belong to four orders, Apodida (1 species), Persiculida (3 species), Elasipodida (8 species), and Synallactida (3 species). Four species, three genera, and three families are reported for the first time in the Colombian Caribbean Sea. Some of the reports also represent first records for the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.

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