scholarly journals The Influence of a Mouthpiece-Based Topography Measurement Device on Electronic Cigarette User’s Plasma Nicotine Concentration, Heart Rate, and Subjective Effects Under Directed and Ad Libitum Use Conditions

2016 ◽  
pp. ntw174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tory R. Spindle ◽  
Marzena M. Hiler ◽  
Alison B. Breland ◽  
Nareg V. Karaoghlanian ◽  
Alan L. Shihadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Plasma Nicotine ◽  
Ad Libitum

scholarly journals Comparison of Measurement Methods for Electronic Cigarette Puff Topography

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-330
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Felicione ◽  
Nareg Karaoghlanian ◽  
Alan Shihadeh ◽  
Thomas Eissenberg ◽  
Melissa D. Blank
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Toxicant Exposure ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Ad Libitum

Objectives: Measurement of electronic cigarette (ECIG) puff topography provides an under- standing of how product characteristics and user behavior affect nicotine delivery. However, mouthpiece-based topography devices may affect natural puffing behavior. This study was designed to compare ECIG topography measured by mouthpiece-based eTop computerized de- vice and mouthpiece-free video recordings. Methods: ECIG-naïve cigarette smokers (N = 18) and ECIG-experienced users (N = 25) puffed on a standardized ECIG via eTop or conventionally; both sessions were videotaped. Following overnight abstinence, participants experienced one directed (10 puffs, 30 sec IPI) and 2 ad libitum puffing bouts. Heart rate and subjective response were measured throughout sessions. Results: No statistically significant differences between methods were observed for topography, heart rate, or abstinence-related subjective effects, and both methods were accurate and reliable. Use of a mouthpiece was perceived to alter aspects of ECIG puffing (eg, "reduce enjoyment). Conclusions: The mouthpiece-based eTop measures ECIG topography precisely as when no mouthpiece is used, and interferes minimally with subjective ECIG experience. Reliable and valid ECIG topography measurement methods are an important regulatory tool, as they can be used to understand the interplay between product design and user behavior to predict toxicant exposure.

scholarly journals Acute effects of JUUL and IQOS in cigarette smokers

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Maloney ◽  
Alisha Eversole ◽  
Melanie Crabtree ◽  
Eric Soule ◽  
Thomas Eissenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
Plasma Nicotine ◽  
Ad Libitum

BackgroundJUUL is an electronic cigarette that aerosolises a nicotine-containing liquid, while IQOS heats tobacco to produce an aerosol. Both are marketed to smokers, but their effects have seldom been examined in this population.MethodsEighteen cigarette smokers (13 men) with no JUUL or IQOS experience completed a within-subject, laboratory study assessing nicotine delivery and subjective effects after controlled (10 puffs, ~30 s interpuff interval) and ad libitum (90 min) use of JUUL, IQOS or own-brand (OB) cigarettes.ResultsJUUL increased mean plasma nicotine concentration significantly from 2.2 (SD=0.7) ng/mL to 9.8 (4.9) ng/mL after 10 puffs and to 11.5 (9.3) ng/mL after ad libitum use. IQOS increased mean plasma nicotine significantly from 2.1 (0.2) ng/mL to 12.7 (6.2) ng/mL after 10 puffs and to 11.3 (8.0) ng/mL after ad libitum use. OB increased mean plasma nicotine significantly from 2.1 (0.2) ng/mL to 20.4 (11.4) ng/mL after 10 puffs and to 21.0 (10.2) ng/mL after ad libitum use. Mean OB plasma nicotine concentration was significantly higher than JUUL and IQOS. OB increased expired carbon monoxide concentration, but IQOS and JUUL did not. ‘Craving a cigarette/nicotine’ and ‘Urges to smoke’ were reduced significantly for all products following the directed bout.ConclusionsAmong smokers, JUUL and IQOS delivered less nicotine than cigarettes. Also, in this sample, IQOS and OB reduced abstinence symptoms more effectively than JUUL. Additional work with experienced JUUL and IQOS users is needed, as their nicotine delivery profiles and subjective experiences may differ.

scholarly journals Effects of Electronic Cigarette Liquid Nicotine Concentration on Plasma Nicotine and Puff Topography in Tobacco Cigarette Smokers: A Preliminary Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa A. Lopez ◽  
Marzena M. Hiler ◽  
Eric K. Soule ◽  
Carolina P. Ramôa ◽  
Nareg V. Karaoghlanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Tobacco Cigarette ◽  
Plasma Nicotine

scholarly journals What factors reliably predict electronic cigarette nicotine delivery?

2019 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa D Blank ◽  
Jennifer Pearson ◽  
Caroline O Cobb ◽  
Nicholas J Felicione ◽  
Marzena M Hiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
Plasma Nicotine ◽  
Product Regulation ◽  
Before And After

BackgroundThe ability of an electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) to deliver nicotine effectively may be dependent on features of the device, the liquid and the user. Some of these features have been examined in previous work (eg, liquid nicotine concentration and puff topography), while others have not (eg, nicotine dependence and demographic characteristics). The purpose of this secondary analysis is to examine such features as predictors of e-cigarette nicotine delivery using a relatively large sample.MethodsFour studies were combined in which e-cigarette-experienced users (n=63; 89% men; 75% white) and e-cigarette-naïve cigarette smokers (n=67; 66% men; 54% white) took 10 puffs from an eGo-style e-cigarette (~7.3 watts) filled with liquid that had a nicotine concentration of 18, 25 or 36 mg/mL. Thus, held constant across all studies were device features of battery/cartomiser style and power level and the topography parameters of puff number and interpuff interval. Blood was sampled before and after use, and puff topography was measured. Three general linear models were conducted to predict plasma nicotine concentrations (pre–post increase) for: (1) e-cigarette users only, (2) smokers only and (3) both groups combined. Predictor variables included puff duration, puff volume, liquid nicotine concentration, presession plasma nicotine concentration, nicotine dependence score (smokers only), gender and race.ResultsIn all models tested, longer puff durations and higher liquid nicotine concentrations were associated significantly with increased nicotine delivery (ps<0.05). For e-cigarette users only, higher presession nicotine concentration was associated significantly with increased nicotine delivery (p<0.05).ConclusionsPuff duration and liquid nicotine concentration may be among the more important factors to consider as regulators attempt to balance e-cigarette safety with efficacy. These findings should be interpreted in the context of devices with relatively low power output, a variable not studied here but likely also directly relevant to product regulation.

Does electronic cigarette liquid nicotine concentration and user experience influence plasma nicotine concentration?

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. e185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Ramoa ◽  
Tory Spindle ◽  
Kathleen Osei ◽  
Barbara Kilgalen ◽  
Alison Breland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Plasma Nicotine

scholarly journals Evidence of compensation among waterpipe smokers using harm reduction components

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marielle C Brinkman ◽  
Hyoshin Kim ◽  
Stephanie S Buehler ◽  
Anna M Adetona ◽  
Sydney M Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Multifamily Housing ◽  
Smoking Topography ◽  
Plasma Nicotine ◽  
Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Research Grade ◽  
The Mean

ObjectivesWe examined two waterpipe tobacco smoking components advertised to reduce harm to determine if they result in lower levels of biomarkers of acute exposure.MethodsWe conducted a crossover study of 34 experienced waterpipe smokers smoking a research-grade waterpipe in three configurations ad libitum in a controlled chamber: control (quick-light charcoal), electric (electric heating) and bubble diffuser (quick-light charcoal and bubble diffuser). We collected data on smoking topography, environmental carbon monoxide (CO), subjective effects, heart rate, plasma nicotine and exhaled CO and benzene.ResultsSmokers’ mean plasma nicotine, heart rate, and exhaled benzene and CO boost were all significantly lower for electric compared with control. However, smokers puffed more intensely and took significantly more and larger volume puffs for a larger total puffing volume (2.0 times larger, p<0.0001) when smoking electric; machine yields indicate this was likely due to lower mainstream nicotine. Smokers rated electric smoking experience less satisfying and less pleasant. For charcoal heating, the mean mass of CO emitted into the chamber was ~1 g when participants smoked for a mean of 32 minutes at a typical residential ventilation rate (2.3 hr−1).ConclusionWaterpipe smokers engaged in compensation (i.e., increased and more intense puffing) to make up for decreased mainstream nicotine delivery from the same tobacco heated two ways. Waterpipe components can affect human puffing behaviours, exposures and subjective effects. Evidence reported here supports regulation of waterpipe components, smoking bans in multifamily housing and the use of human studies to evaluate modified or reduced risk claims.

scholarly journals Variable Voltage, Tank-Style ENDS Do Not Always Deliver Nicotine

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-422
Author(s):  
Alisha Eversole ◽  
Sarah Maloney ◽  
Soha Talih ◽  
Rola Salman ◽  
Nareg Karaoghlanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Nicotine Concentration ◽  
Men 2 ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
Plasma Nicotine ◽  
Variable Voltage ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Performance Heterogeneity

Objectives: In this paper, we characterize the nicotine delivery profile of a variable voltage, tank-style electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS). Methods: Ten cigarette smokers (8 men, 2 women) completed this within-subject study assessing effects of 2 device power settings (15 W, 45 W) and 3 liquid nicotine concentrations (0, 3, and 6 mg/ml) using a tank-style ENDS. Participants completed one directed (10 puffs) and one ad libitum use period for each condition, with blood sampled throughout. Results: Plasma nicotine concentration did not increase significantly at 15 W regardless of liquid nicotine concentration. At 45 W, mean plasma nicotine increased (not significantly compared to 0 mg/ml) from 2.24 ng/ml (SD = 0.2) at baseline to 3.4 ng/ml (SD = 0.6) in the 3 mg/ml condition. In the 6 mg/ml, 45 W condition, mean plasma nicotine increased significantly (compared to 0 mg/ml) from 2.0 ng/ml (SD=0) at baseline to 5.96 ng/ml (SD = 1.3) after 10 puffs. In general, puf duration and volume decreased as device power and nicotine concentration increased. Conclusions: Despite using a variable wattage, tank-style device, nicotine delivery was minimal. These results, when combined with results from other studies using tank-style devices, highlight ENDS performance heterogeneity. Regulation may play a role in standardizing ENDS nicotine delivery.

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