History in the Ylias and Alexandreis

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-122
Author(s):  
Justin A. Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Historical Text ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
History And Myth ◽  
The Way

This chapter argues that the Alexandreis and Ylias reflect the way that Virgil was believed, in the twelfth century, to have constructed history and myth in the Aeneid. The key witnesses to the twelfth-century perception of history in the Aeneid are the “Anselm” commentary on the Aeneid and Servius, which was ubiquitous in the period and determined the shape of most other available commentaries on the Aeneid. Servius’s understanding of history (historia) and myth (fabula), and especially anachronism, is discussed in detail. Servius reads the Aeneid as a historical text which, although often bending the historical truth, did so with intentional allusion to specific historical events or alternate historical possibilities. The Alexandreis’s and the Ylias’s special interest in historical truth (historia) accords well with the way in which the Aeneid was read in the twelfth century.

Self-sacrifice for in-group's history: A diachronic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Babińska ◽  
Michal Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Reciprocal Process ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe problem of extended fusion and identification can be approached from a diachronic perspective. Based on our own research, as well as findings from the fields of social, political, and clinical psychology, we argue that the way contemporary emotional events shape local fusion is similar to the way in which historical experiences shape extended fusion. We propose a reciprocal process in which historical events shape contemporary identities, whereas contemporary identities shape interpretations of past traumas.

The Exorcism of the Salt Ponds at Xie

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barend J. ter Haar
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Salt Ponds ◽  
The South ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Way

The historical Guan Yu came from a village in Xie Prefecture (modern Yuncheng) in the south of the modern province of Shanxi, close to one of the main salt producing sites of traditional China. From the early twelfth century onwards a new type of worship for Lord Guan was transmitted throughout southern China by Daoist exorcist specialists, which was motivated by a story about his successful defeat of a demon causing mishap in the salt ponds of Xie. The Daoist connection of the deity was much stronger than the Buddhist one, but this was the Daoism of ritual practice, rather than the philosophical approaches as some may construct them from the Book of the Way and the Virtue that is ascribed to Laozi. A substantial numbers of temple foundations in southern China in particular can be explained through this Daoist connection.

Interaction, Satisfaction, and the PCC

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-80
Author(s):  
Amy Rose Deal
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Agree Ii ◽  
Indirect Object ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
Testing Ground ◽  
Person Case Constraint ◽  
Satisfaction Theory ◽  
The Way

Abstract The person-case constraint (PCC) is a family of restrictions on the relative person of the two objects of a ditransitive. PCC effects offer a testing ground for theories of the Agree operation and of syntactic features, both those on nominals and (of special interest here) those found on agreement probes. In this paper, I offer a new theory of PCC effects in an interaction/satisfaction theory of Agree (Deal 2015a) and show the advantages of this framework in capturing PCC typology. On this model, probes are specified for interaction features, determining which features will be copied to them, and satisfaction features, determining which features will cause probing to stop. Applied to PCC, this theory (i) captures all four types of PCC effect recognized by Nevins (2007) under a unified notion of Agree; (ii) captures the restriction of PCC effects to contexts of “Double Weakness” in many prominent examples, e.g. in Italian, Greek, and Basque, where PCC effects hold only in cases where both the direct and indirect object are expressed with clitics; (iii) naturally extends to PCC effects in syntactic environments without visible clitics or agreement for one or both objects, as well as the absence of PCC effects in some languages with clitics or agreement for both the direct and indirect object. Two refinements of the interaction/satisfaction theory are offered. The first is a new notation for probes’ interaction and satisfaction specifications, clarifying the absence from this theory of uninterpretable/unvalued features as drivers of Agree. The second is a proposal for the way that probes’ behavior may change over the course of a derivation, dubbed dynamic interaction.

scholarly journals ROME AND CARTHAGE BY A.V. TIMOFEEV: ON THE PROBLEM OF THE GENESIS OF “HISTORICAL FANTASY” AS A GENRE VARIETY OF RUSSIAN ROMANTIC DRAMA OF THE 19TH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-163
Author(s):  
ARKADII MAN'KOVSKII
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Romantic Drama ◽  
The One ◽  
Historical Fantasy ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Way

The paper explores the genre of scarcely studied play by Russian minor writer Alexei V. Timofeev (1812-1883) Rome and Carthage (1837). Timofeev’s contemporary literary critic Osip Senkovskii treated like poet’s failure his use of romantic techniques in the play on ancient plot. Taking into account this opinion the paper analyzes the paratextual elements in the play, the way of describing characters, the division of the play into acts, the connection of the plot events with historical facts. The paper argues that the play approaches the kind of romantic drama, which the author suggests to call “historical fantasy” Its main feature is the coexisting in the plot mythology and religious tradition, on the one hand, and historical events, on the other, the heroes of historical chronicles and the heroes of folk legends, belief in miracles and rationalism. The goal of historical fantasy is to produce a generalized image of the time, to convey the spirit of the epoch while the dramatic action takes a secondary place. Samples of the genre were given in the works of Alexander A. Shakhovskoi, Alexander I. Gertsen, Apollon N. Maikov. Timofeev’s play was just in the way to this kind of drama.

Constructivism, Intuitionism, and Ecumenism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron James
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Reflective Equilibrium ◽  
Henry Sidgwick ◽  
The Way

Constructivism and intuitionism are often seen as opposed methods of justification in political philosophy. An “ecumenical” view sees them as different but unopposed: each style of reasoning can yield fundamental principles, for different questions of distributive justice, and we can rightly take up different questions, with different, equally valid, theoretical objectives, in hopes of cultivating a thousand blooming flowers. This chapter develops this position with special interest in Rawls’s constructivism, his treatment of reflective equilibrium, self-evidence, and “moral geometry,” and his evolving dialogue with the intuitionist Henry Sidgwick. Rawls’s main difference from Sidgwick lies in the way he frames the question of right or justice in the first instance. This brings out both the possibility and the attractions of the ecumenist conception in political philosophy.

Afterword

2019 ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
C. Palmer-Patel ◽  
Glyn Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Cultural Critique ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Alternate History ◽  
History Narratives ◽  
Current Reality ◽  
The Way

The afterword sums up the conclusions made by the chapters in the collection. All the chapters demonstrate that – although there is a wide variety of alternate history narratives produced – these texts all reflect on and reveal the nature of our current reality. A common theme throughout the collection is ‘Great Man’ model, where a sole figure is held responsible for big historical events. Another thread for discussion is the structure of form of alternate history, as the book explored science fiction and epic narratives alongside the development of alternate history. Issues of time within the structure of narrative were explored, as the collection considered breaks and continuities within alternate history. Many of these discussions emphasized the way that the cultural critique of minority voices are embedded in the narrative structure itself. Issues of power and dogma are often integral to these evaluations. Ultimately the collection concludes that there are a lot of questions that alternate history provokes, and while this collection cannot perhaps provide definite answers, it presents new ways to think about the genre in the hopes of stimulating further conversations.

The Merovingian monastery of St Evroul in the light of conflicting traditions

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Marjorie Chibnall
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Old Men

Historians of early monasticism in Frankish Gaul either have little to say about the monastery founded by St Evroul or, like Dom Laporte, devote their attention to a discussion of the probable date of his life. The disappearance of almost all early documentary sources is one reason for this: there was certainly a break in the occupation of the site for perhaps half the century between the destruction of the monastery in the tenth century and its refoundation in 1050, and only one charter, dated 900, was rescued and copied in the eleventh century. The fact that there has been no systematic excavation of the site, so that archaeological evidence of buildings before the thirteenth-century church is lacking, is another. Early annals and reliable lives of other saints have nothing at all to say on the subject. The first historian to tackle it, Orderic Vitalis, writing in the early twelfth century, had to admit that he could discover nothing about the abbots for the four hundred years after St Evroul; and he had to draw on the memories and tales of the old men he knew, both in the monastery and in the villages round about. Needless to say he harvested a luxuriant crop of legends and traditions of all kinds. The problem of the modern historian is to winnow a few grains of historical truth out of the stories that he garnered, and the hagiographical traditions, some of which he did not know.

scholarly journals Reinventing Ukraine: Ukrainian National and Supra-National Identity in Contemporary Polish Opinion-Making Press

2016 ◽  
pp. 141-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The One ◽  
External Actors ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Identity Problems ◽  
Ukrainian Society ◽  
The Way

Reinventing Ukraine: Ukrainian National and Supra-National Identity in Contemporary Polish Opinion-Making PressUkraine in XXI century has been experiencing new social and political changes which resulted into shifts of the national identity. It has left resonance not only within Ukrainian society but abroad as well. Historical events such as Orange revolution or Euromaidan provided new directions for reconsidering Ukrainian identity by the external actors. The image of Ukraine has been created abroad with the help of mass media, which enable the wide audience to receive information about particular events and make own conclusions. Information, presented in the opinion-making press worth better for deliberating the issue of identity. Thus, this paper seeks to investigate how Polish intellectuals present Ukraine in contemporary Polish opinion-making press. This research on the one hand provides understanding of Ukrainian identity problems, and gives possibility to examine positive and negative aspects of the way identity has been expressed. On the other hand, it demonstrates the way public opinion-makers in Poland perceive, construct and reconstruct identity of Ukraine, Ukrainian nation and present them to their society. The article seeks to investigate what attributes of Ukrainian identity were crucial for Polish media. What factors, historical events, cultural and political features, myth and symbols were important for deliberating Ukraine in Polish opinion-making press. Ponowne odkrycie Ukrainy: Ukraińska narodowa i ponadnarodowa tożsamość we współczesnej polskiej prasie opiniotwórczejW XXI wieku Ukraina przeżywa nowe zmiany społeczne i polityczne, które prowadzą do zmian tożsamości narodowej. To spowodowało rezonans nie tylko w społeczeństwie ukraińskim, ale również za granicą. Najnowsze wydarzenia historyczne, takie jak Pomarańczowa Rewolucja czy Euromajdan, na nowo ożywiły wśród podmiotów zewnętrznych dyskusję o ukraińskiej tożsamości. Zewnętrzny wizerunek Ukrainy kształtują środki masowego przekazu, które dostarczają szerokiej publiczności informacji o wydarzeniach historycznych. Informacje prezentowane w prasie opiniotwórczej są istotnym źródłem dla rozważań nad kwestiami tożsamości w ogóle. Artykuł ma na celu zbadanie, jak polscy intelektualiści przedstawiają Ukrainę we współczesnej polskiej prasie. Badanie umożliwi zrozumienie problemów ukraińskiej tożsamości, będzie także prezentacją pozytywnych i negatywnych jej aspektów. Zarazem jednak unaoczni, w jaki sposób polskie środowiska opiniotwórcze postrzegają, konstruują i rekonstruują tożsamość Ukrainy i narodu ukraińskiego i jak przedstawiają te kwestie społeczeństwu. Staram się jednocześnie wyjaśnić, jakie atrybuty ukraińskiej tożsamości – wydarzenia historyczne, cechy kulturowe i polityczne, mity i symbole – były istotne dla rozważań nad Ukrainą w polskiej prasie opiniotwórczej.

scholarly journals Poetic Frameworks and Narrative Procedures of Bosnia and Herzegovina Novels about Kulin Ban

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4(17)) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Melida Travančić
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Narrative Texts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This paperwork presents the literary constructions of Kulin Ban's personality in contemporary Bosnian literature on the example of three novels: Zlatko Topčić Kulin (1994), Mirsad Sinanović Kulin (2007), and Irfan Hrozović Sokolarov sonnet (2016). The themes of these novels are real historical events and historical figures, and we try to present the way(s) of narration and shape the image of the past and the way the past-history-literature triangle works. Documentary discourse is often involved in the relationship between faction and fiction in the novel. Yet, as can be seen from all three novels, it is a subjective discourse on the perception of Kulin Ban today and the period of his reign, a period that could be characterized as a mimetic time in which great, sudden, and radical changes take place. If the poetic extremes of postmodernist prose are on the one hand flirting with trivia, and on the other sophisticated meta- and intertextual prose, then the Bosnian-Herzegovinian romance of the personality of Kulina Ban fully confirms just such a range of stylistic-narrative tendencies of narrative texts of today's era.

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