scholarly journals Remaking Public Parks

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-132
Author(s):  
Benjamin Holtzman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Private Sector Involvement

This chapter examines the decline and subsequent revitalization of major parks through their control by public–private partnerships in the late twentieth century. The extensive private sector involvement in parks was far from the elite-initiated takeover that has been depicted. In contrast, this shift dates back to community residents’ organizing in the late 1960s and 1970s to revive degenerating greenspaces that had suffered municipal neglect. What first began as community park revitalization efforts in neighborhoods throughout New York spread to initiatives that involved broader elements of the private sector. Indeed, the subsequent involvement of businesses and corporations in the care and management of parks was spurred by years of campaigns by concerned residents, nonprofits, cultural institutions, and officials who had lost faith in the ability of local government to maintain parks, ultimately catalyzing the growth of public–private partnerships to manage city parks by the end of the century.

scholarly journals Corporate Defaults, Workouts, and the Rise of the Distressed Asset Investment Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Cumming ◽  
Grant Fleming
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corporate Restructuring ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

We examine the formation and growth of the distressed asset investment industry during the late twentieth century, with specific focus on the strategies of the leading firms. The distressed asset investment industry is dominated by firms based in the United States and is relatively concentrated, due in large part to early movers developing distinctive investment capabilities through participation in landmark transactions, relationship-specific resources, and exploitation of scale effects. We argue that the participation of these firms in the bankruptcy and corporate restructuring markets has resulted in private-sector workouts becoming more competitive and more efficient over the last thirty years, especially in the United States.

The folk’ish heritage in Nordic democracy: Examples from Denmark and Norway

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeppe Nevers ◽  
Jesper Lundsby Skov
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
The People ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Drawing on examples from Danish and Norwegian history, this article traces the ideological origins of Nordic democracy. It takes as its starting point the observation that constitutional theories of democracy were rather weak in the Nordic countries until the mid-twentieth century; instead, a certain Nordic tradition of popular constitutionalism rooted in a romantic and organic idea of the people was central to the ideological foundations of Nordic democracy. This tradition developed alongside agrarian mobilization in the nineteenth century, and it remained a powerful ideological reference-point through most of the twentieth century, exercising, for instance, an influence on debates about European integration in the 1960s and 1970s. However, this tradition was gradually overlaid by more institutional understandings of democracy from the mid-twentieth century onwards, with the consequence that the direct importance of this folk’ish heritage declined towards the late twentieth century. Nevertheless, clear echoes of this heritage remain evident in some contemporary Nordic varieties of populism, as well as in references to the concept of folkestyre as the pan-Scandinavian synonym for democracy.

scholarly journals Impacts of climate change on hurricane flood hazards in Jamaica Bay, New York

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 2153-2171
Author(s):  
Reza Marsooli ◽  
Ning Lin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Flood Level ◽  
Jamaica Bay ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

AbstractSea level rise (SLR) and tropical cyclone (TC) climatology change could impact future flood hazards in Jamaica Bay—an urbanized back-barrier bay in New York—yet their compound impacts are not well understood. This study estimates the compound effects of SLR and TC climatology change on flood hazards in Jamaica Bay from a historical period in the late twentieth century (1980–2000) to future periods in the mid- and late-twenty-first century (2030–2050 and 2080–2100, under RCP8.5 greenhouse gas concentration scenario). Flood return periods are estimated based on probabilistic projections of SLR and peak storm tides simulated by a hydrodynamic model for large numbers of synthetic TCs. We find a substantial increase in the future flood hazards, e.g., the historical 100-year flood level would become a 9- and 1-year flood level in the mid- and late-twenty-first century and the 500-year flood level would become a 143- and 4-year flood level. These increases are mainly induced by SLR. However, TC climatology change would considerably contribute to the future increase in low-probability, high-consequence flood levels (with a return period greater than 100 year), likely due to an increase in the probability of occurrence of slow-moving but intense TCs by the end of twenty-first century. We further conduct high-resolution coastal flood simulations for a series of SLR and TC scenarios. Due to the SLR projected with a 5% exceedance probability, 125- and 1300-year flood events in the late-twentieth century would become 74- and 515-year flood events, respectively, in the late-twenty-first century, and the spatial extent of flooding over coastal floodplains of Jamaica Bay would increase by nearly 10 and 4 times, respectively. In addition, SLR leads to larger surface waves induced by TCs in the bay, suggesting a potential increase in hazards associated with wave runup, erosion, and damage to coastal infrastructure.

Introduction

Bad Faith ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Andrew Feffer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Bad Faith ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
American Political Culture ◽  
Teachers Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Gravitational Pull ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Bad Faith was conceived as a basic history of the Coudert inquisition, grounded in a systematic reading of the committee’s records, but also focuses on what that history reveals about the gravitational pull that anticommunism exerted on American political culture through the late twentieth century. Feffer has constructed the book accordingly, around the practical and ideological attachment of liberals to the investigation. The first section of the book starts with Rapp-Coudert’s public debut on that cold December morning when the committee held its first open hearings into communist subversion at BC. The second section of the book is a flashback to the early 1930s and the origins of the probe, as the Depression heightened conflicts over schooling in New York City, deepening already- strong hostilities that pitted liberals and social democrats in the teachers union against teacher-activists involved in the growing communist movement. Part III returns to the immediate context of the Coudert probe and chronicles the Coudert investigation’s next and most sensational phase, which unfolded in spring 1941—namely, the probe of communist activism at CCNY that forced out dozens of faculty and staff from the municipal colleges.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lou Martin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Class Culture ◽  
Hancock County ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
The Way

This concluding chapter examines how the rural-industrial working-class culture that emerged in Hancock County gradually disappeared in the late twentieth century. The ethic of making do traveled well from the farm to the factory town, but it began its decline in the late 1960s and 1970s as buying power increased and industrial workers focused more on vacations or socializing and less on making do. While many people in Hancock County still tend gardens, work on their houses, hunt, and fish, these activities no longer supplement family income the way they did in the 1950s. Moreover, the localism of their culture may have persisted in some ways to the present, but a localized system of negotiation that local manufacturers helped create disappeared along with many of those companies.

“He Was Beautiful”

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-56
Author(s):  
Paul M. Renfro
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
News Media ◽  
Child Safety ◽  
Sexual Motives ◽  
Cultural Form ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Professional Photographer ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Chapter 1 concentrates on the disappearance of six-year-old Etan Patz in Manhattan in May 1979. It shows how pictures of Patz—taken by his father, a professional photographer, and disseminated around New York City and beyond—inaugurated a new cultural form called the image of endangered childhood. This form foregrounded white childhood innocence and assumed sexual overtones, which shaped the ascendant child safety movement and the news media’s coverage of it. Specifically, observers more readily assigned sexual motives to missing child cases beginning in the late twentieth century. In the Patz case, the racialized and sexualized image of endangered childhood led investigators, activists, and the news media to (wrongly) implicate the North American Man/Boy Love Association in Etan’s abduction. The case thus revealed key fault lines in the LGBTQ and feminist movements, and in late twentieth-century American politics more broadly, while setting the foundation for the child safety regime.

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