LS coupling; Hund’s rules

“LS coupling; Hund's rules” describes LS coupling as it gives an account of our understanding of atomic states. Two “energy-level” diagrams commonly printed are shown to be wrong and highly misleading. Accompanying “explanations” are debunked. Correct diagrams, with explanations, are given, and compared with theoretical formulae. Hund's rules, when properly formulated, are shown to hold in all cases to which they can legitimately be applied. Hund's rules must be stated as given here (often they are not). This claim is validated because all possible variants are excluded by counterexamples.