Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic reduction on the utilization of healthcare services are reported in different contexts. Nevertheless, studies have not explored specifically gender disparities on access to healthcare in the context of covid-19. Methods: To evaluate gender disparities in access to medical in Chile we conducted an interrupted time series design using a segmented regression. The outcome variable was the number of weekly confirmed cases of a set of oncologic and cardiovascular time-sensitive conditions at a national level. The series contained data from week 1 to 39 for 2017 to 2020. Intervention period started at week 12. We selected this period because preventive interventions, such as school closures or teleworking, were implemented at this point. We estimated level effect using a dummy variable indicating the intervention period and slope effect using a continuous variable from week 12 to 39. To test heterogeneity by sex and age-group, we conducted stratified analysis. Results: We observed a sizable reduction in access to care with a slowly recovery for oncologic (level effect 0,323; 95% CI 0,291-0,359; slope effect 1,022; 95% CI 1,016-1,028) and cardiovascular diseases (level effect 0,586; 95% CI 0,564-0,609; slope effect 1,009; 95% CI 1,007-1,011). Greater reduction occurred in women compared to men, particularly marked on myocardial infarction (level effect 0,595; 95% CI 0,566-0,627 versus 0,532; 95% CI 0,502-0,564) and colorectal cancer (level effect 0,295; 95% CI 0,248-0,35 versus 0,19; 95% CI 0,159-0,228). Compared to men, a greater absolute reduction was observed in women for oncologic diseases, excluding sex-specific cancer, (1.352; 95% CI 743-1.961) and cardiovascular diseases (1.268; 95% CI 946-1.590). Conclusion: We confirmed a large drop in new diagnosis for time-sensitive conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. This reduction was greater for women. Our findings should alert policy-makers about the urgent need to integrate a gender perspective into the pandemic response.