Confessions of the Unfriendly Spleen
This essay traces the genealogy of humors and diseases of the spleen that originated in England and became a common subject of study in imperial and tropical medicine, reinforcing deep-seated notions about the physical weakness of Indians and the unusual pathology of native bodies and organs. It explores how forensic notions of a weaker and vulnerable Indian body emerged in colonial India through theories of miasma and the practice of dissection, and how such ideas contributed to the notorious 'spleen theory' defense in the law courts of the late nineteenth-century Raj, where Europeans charged with assault and murder of Indian servants were frequently acquitted on the grounds of their distended spleens being ruptured during routine acts of physical correction.