Schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex S. Cohen ◽  
Dallas A. Callaway ◽  
Tracey L. Auster
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Treatment Considerations ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
New Treatments

Depressive symptoms commonly occur in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Empirical investigation of this comorbidity has revealed a number of interesting and potentially confusing findings. The purpose of this review is to summarize this literature, focusing on clinical, cognitive, behavioral, phenomenological, and neurobiological processes that are common and potentially disparate to these disorders. Additionally, the review will discuss four depression-related paradoxes that have emerged within the schizophrenia literature. It concludes with a brief summary of treatment considerations for patients with schizophrenia with co-morbid depressive symptoms. It is hoped that this chapter can serve as an organizing framework for future research and can help focus efforts on designing new treatments for ameliorating depression-related symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Hallucinations Under Psychedelics and in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: An Interdisciplinary and Multiscale Comparison

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1396-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantelis Leptourgos ◽  
Martin Fortier-Davy ◽  
Robin Carhart-Harris ◽  
Philip R Corlett ◽  
David Dupuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Multidisciplinary Working ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract The recent renaissance of psychedelic science has reignited interest in the similarity of drug-induced experiences to those more commonly observed in psychiatric contexts such as the schizophrenia-spectrum. This report from a multidisciplinary working group of the International Consortium on Hallucinations Research (ICHR) addresses this issue, putting special emphasis on hallucinatory experiences. We review evidence collected at different scales of understanding, from pharmacology to brain-imaging, phenomenology and anthropology, highlighting similarities and differences between hallucinations under psychedelics and in the schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Finally, we attempt to integrate these findings using computational approaches and conclude with recommendations for future research.

Factor Structure of the Bern Psychopathology Scale in a Sample of Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 880-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian U. Lang ◽  
Annabel S. Stierlin ◽  
Katharina Stegmayer ◽  
Sebastian Walther ◽  
Thomas Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motor Behaviour ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Symptom Pattern ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Binary Division ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractBackground:The Bern Psychopathology Scale (BPS) is based on a system-specific approach to classifying the psychopathological symptom pattern of schizophrenia. It consists of subscales for three domains (language, affect and motor behaviour) that are hypothesized to be related to specific brain circuits. The aim of the study was to examine the factor structure of the BPS in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Methods:One hundred and forty-nine inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were recruited at the Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University, Germany (n = 100) and at the University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland (n = 49). Psychopathology was assessed with the BPS. The VARCLUS procedure of SAS® (a type of oblique component analysis) was used for statistical analysis.Results:Six clusters were identified (inhibited language, inhibited motor behaviour, inhibited affect, disinhibited affect, disinhibited language/motor behaviour, inhibited language/motor behaviour) which explained 40.13% of the total variance of the data. A binary division of attributes into an inhibited and disinhibited cluster was appropriate, although an overlap was found between the language and motor behaviour domains. There was a clear distinction between qualitative and quantitative symptoms.Conclusions:The results argue for the validity of the BPS in identifying subsyndromes of schizophrenia spectrum disorders according to a dimensional approach. Future research should address the longitudinal assessment of dimensional psychopathological symptoms and elucidate the underlying neurobiological processes.

scholarly journals Trustworthiness judgments are associated with interpersonal functioning in individuals with schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 204380871982709
Author(s):  
Michal Hajdúk ◽  
Dana Krajčovičová ◽  
Miroslava Zimányiová ◽  
Viera Kořínková ◽  
Anton Heretik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Interpersonal Functioning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Rapid and accurate trustworthiness judgments are important during successful day-to-day social interactions because they can influence the decision whether to approach someone and initiate social interaction. The aim of the present study was to analyze associations between these judgments and self-reported and clinician-rated social functioning. The sample consisted of 48 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 35 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and educational level. A trustworthiness task, subjective, and clinician-rated scales for social functioning were administered to both samples. Trustworthiness judgments did not differ between patients and healthy controls. Both groups were able to discriminate between trustworthy and untrustworthy faces. Trustworthiness ratings were associated with self-reported and clinician-rated measures of interpersonal functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Despite the absence of differences between groups, in patients with schizophrenia, a tendency to mistrust based on facial appearance was related to worse functional outcome, predominantly in the domain of disturbed interpersonal functioning. This study highlights the importance of future research into social–cognitive biases in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals M122. DEPRESSION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: LONGITUDINAL COURSE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER CLINICAL PARAMETERS AND QUALITY OF LIFE

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S181-S182
Author(s):  
Lebogang Phahladira ◽  
Laila Asmal ◽  
Bonginkosi Chiliza ◽  
Hilmar Luckhoff ◽  
Stefan du Plessis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between schizophrenia and depression is complex. Longitudinal studies on the course of depression in first episode schizophrenia populations are scarce and there are conflicting results on the predictive value of some baseline measures. Methods We conducted an open label longitudinal cohort study which included 126 patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with long-acting antipsychotic medication over 24 months. Depression was assessed at three monthly intervals using the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia. Changes in depression over time were assessed using the linear mixed-effect models for continuous repeated measures. The relationship between depression and other clinical parameters was assessed with regression models. Results Depressive symptoms were most prominent at baseline and showed highly significant reductions in the first three months (p<0.0001). Majority of the patients with depression improved with antipsychotic medication alone and we found associations between depressive symptoms with insight and poorer quality of life, however only illness awareness (p=0.0035) was the only significant predictor on depression in our regression analysis. There were a few differences between patients who experienced depression during the acute phase of treatment and those in the post-acute phase. Discussion Our findings suggest that depression in schizophrenia is common and generally responds well to treatment. The relationship between depression and insight has implications for further treatment considerations

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