Effects of Group Psychoeducational Intervention for Family Members of People with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Results on Family Cohesion, Caregiver Burden, and Caregiver Depressive Symptoms

Depressive symptoms commonly occur in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Empirical investigation of this comorbidity has revealed a number of interesting and potentially confusing findings. The purpose of this review is to summarize this literature, focusing on clinical, cognitive, behavioral, phenomenological, and neurobiological processes that are common and potentially disparate to these disorders. Additionally, the review will discuss four depression-related paradoxes that have emerged within the schizophrenia literature. It concludes with a brief summary of treatment considerations for patients with schizophrenia with co-morbid depressive symptoms. It is hoped that this chapter can serve as an organizing framework for future research and can help focus efforts on designing new treatments for ameliorating depression-related symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.

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M122. DEPRESSION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: LONGITUDINAL COURSE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER CLINICAL PARAMETERS AND QUALITY OF LIFE

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.434 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S181-S182

Author(s):

Lebogang Phahladira ◽

Laila Asmal ◽

Bonginkosi Chiliza ◽

Hilmar Luckhoff ◽

Stefan du Plessis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

First Episode ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between schizophrenia and depression is complex. Longitudinal studies on the course of depression in first episode schizophrenia populations are scarce and there are conflicting results on the predictive value of some baseline measures. Methods We conducted an open label longitudinal cohort study which included 126 patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with long-acting antipsychotic medication over 24 months. Depression was assessed at three monthly intervals using the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia. Changes in depression over time were assessed using the linear mixed-effect models for continuous repeated measures. The relationship between depression and other clinical parameters was assessed with regression models. Results Depressive symptoms were most prominent at baseline and showed highly significant reductions in the first three months (p<0.0001). Majority of the patients with depression improved with antipsychotic medication alone and we found associations between depressive symptoms with insight and poorer quality of life, however only illness awareness (p=0.0035) was the only significant predictor on depression in our regression analysis. There were a few differences between patients who experienced depression during the acute phase of treatment and those in the post-acute phase. Discussion Our findings suggest that depression in schizophrenia is common and generally responds well to treatment. The relationship between depression and insight has implications for further treatment considerations

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Psychopathology and cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: the role of depressive symptoms

Schizophrenia Research ◽

10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00020-1 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 65-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

E Holthausen

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorders

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Mediating effects of self-stigma and depression on the association between autistic symptoms and recovery in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: a cross-sectional study

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03472-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Komatsu ◽

Takashi Ono ◽

Goh Onoguchi ◽

Hiroaki Tomita ◽

Yoshihisa Kakuto

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽

Stereotype Endorsement ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Autistic Symptoms ◽

Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Background Several studies have indicated that self-stigma is associated with depressive symptoms and could be a barrier to recovery in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. More recently, an association between autistic symptoms and self-stigma was found in schizophrenia-spectrum patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between self-stigma, autistic and depressive symptoms, and recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Methods In total, 105 participants were evaluated using the Autism Spectrum Quotient, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, and the Recovery Assessment Scale to investigate autistic symptoms, self-stigma, depressive symptoms, and recovery, respectively. The relationship between self-stigma, autistic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and recovery was assessed using structural equation modeling analysis. Results Impaired attention switching, one symptom of autism, was found to positively affect stereotype endorsement, which negatively influenced recovery through depressive symptoms. Moreover, problems with communication skills negatively affected recovery through depressive symptoms. Concerning self-stigma, stereotype endorsement and perceived discrimination had a negative effect on recovery through depressive symptoms, whereas stigma resistance had a direct negative effect on recovery. Conclusions This study may provide meaningful insight into the psychological structure of recovery and could inform effective interventions for patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This was a cross-sectionally designed study; therefore, further longitudinal studies are needed to identify the causal relationships between self-stigma, autistic and depressive symptoms, and recovery.

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Anxiety symptoms in a major mood and schizophrenia spectrum disorders

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.04.007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

B. Karpov ◽

G. Joffe ◽

K. Aaltonen ◽

J. Suvisaari ◽

I. Baryshnikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽

Comorbid Anxiety ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorders

AbstractBackgroundComorbid anxiety symptoms and disorders are present in many psychiatric disorders, but methodological variations render comparisons of their frequency and intensity difficult. Furthermore, whether risk factors for comorbid anxiety symptoms are similar in patients with mood disorders and schizophrenia spectrum disorders remains unclear.MethodsThe Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) was used to measure anxiety symptoms in psychiatric care patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (SSA, n = 113), bipolar disorder (BD, n = 99), or depressive disorder (DD, n = 188) in the Helsinki University Psychiatric Consortium Study. Bivariate correlations and multivariate linear regression models were used to examine associations of depressive symptoms, neuroticism, early psychological trauma and distress, self-efficacy, symptoms of borderline personality disorder, and attachment style with anxiety symptoms in the three diagnostic groups.ResultsFrequent or constant anxiety was reported by 40.2% of SSA, 51.5% of BD, and 55.6% of DD patients; it was described as severe or extreme by 43.8%, 41.4%, and 41.2% of these patients, respectively. SSA patients were significantly less anxious (P = 0.010) and less often avoided anxiety-provoking situations (P = 0.009) than the other patients. In regression analyses, OASIS was associated with high neuroticism, symptoms of depression and borderline personality disorder and low self-efficacy in all patients, and with early trauma in patients with mood disorders.ConclusionsComorbid anxiety symptoms are ubiquitous among psychiatric patients with mood or schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and in almost half of them, reportedly severe. Anxiety symptoms appear to be strongly related to both concurrent depressive symptoms and personality characteristics, regardless of principal diagnosis.

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