The Induced Resistance Response of Carrot Root Slices to Heat-killed Conidia and Cell-free Germination Fluid of Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Pers. 1. The Possible Rôle of Cell Death

1982 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. HEALE ◽  
K. S. DODD ◽  
P. B. GAHAN
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Carrot Root ◽  
Resistance Response

scholarly journals The role of signal production and transduction in induced resistance of harvested fruits and vegetables

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yang Bi
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Resistance Response

Abstract Postharvest diseases are the primary reason causing postharvest loss of fruits and vegetables. Although fungicides show an effective way to control postharvest diseases, the use of fungicides is gradually being restricted due to safety, environmental pollution, and resistance development in the pathogen. Induced resistance is a new strategy to control postharvest diseases by eliciting immune activity in fruits and vegetables with exogenous physical, chemical, and biological elicitors. After being stimulated by elicitors, fruits and vegetables respond immediately against pathogens. This process is actually a continuous signal transduction, including the generation, transduction, and interaction of signal molecules. Each step of response can lead to corresponding physiological functions, and ultimately induce disease resistance by upregulating the expression of disease resistance genes and activating a variety of metabolic pathways. Signal molecules not only mediate defense response alone, but also interact with other signal transduction pathways to regulate the disease resistance response. Among various signal molecules, the second messenger (reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, calcium ions) and plant hormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, and abscisic acid) play an important role in induced resistance. This article summarizes and reviews the research progress of induced resistance in recent years, and expounds the role of the above-mentioned signal molecules in induced resistance of harvested fruits and vegetables, and prospects for future research.

scholarly journals Induction of Systemic Resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Tomato by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2: Role of Salicylic Acid, Pyochelin, and Pyocyanin

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1147-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris Audenaert ◽  
Theresa Pattery ◽  
Pierre Cornelis ◽  
Monica Höfte
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Induce Resistance

The rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2 produces secondary metabolites such as pyochelin (Pch), its precursor salicylic acid (SA), and the phenazine compound pyocyanin. Both 7NSK2 and mutant KMPCH (Pch-negative, SA-positive) induced resistance to Botrytis cinerea in wild-type but not in transgenic NahG tomato. SA-negative mutants of both strains lost the capacity to induce resistance. On tomato roots, KMPCH produced SA and induced phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, while this was not the case for 7NSK2. In 7NSK2, SA is probably very efficiently converted to Pch. However, Pch alone appeared not to be sufficient to induce resistance. In mammalian cells, Fe-Pch and pyocyanin can act synergistically to generate highly reactive hydroxyl radicals that cause cell damage. Reactive oxygen species are known to play an important role in plant defense. To study the role of pyocyanin in induced resistance, a pyocyanin-negative mutant of 7NSK2, PHZ1, was generated. PHZ1 is mutated in the phzM gene encoding an O-methyltransferase. PHZ1 was unable to induce resistance to B. cinerea, whereas complementation for pyocyanin production or co-inoculation with mutant 7NSK2-562 (Pch-negative, SA-negative, pyocyanin-positive) restored induced resistance. These results suggest that pyocyanin and Pch, rather than SA, are the determinants for induced resistance in wild-type P. aeruginosa 7NSK2.

Role of dioxygenase α-DOX2 and SA in basal response and in hexanoic acid-induced resistance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants against Botrytis cinerea

2015 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Angulo ◽  
María de la O. Leyva ◽  
Ivan Finiti ◽  
Jaime López-Cruz ◽  
Emma Fernández-Crespo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Hexanoic Acid

scholarly journals The Botrytis cinerea Crh transglycosylae is a cytoplasmic effector triggering plant cell death and defense response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Bi ◽  
Loredana Scalschi ◽  
Gupta Namrata Jaiswal ◽  
Renana Frid ◽  
Wenjun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Protein Uptake ◽  
Transglycosylation Activity ◽  
Plant Infection ◽  
Monomeric Proteins ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Infection Cushions

AbstractCrh proteins catalyze crosslinking of chitin and glucan polymers in the fugal cell wall. We revealed a novel and unexpected role of Botrytis cinerea BcCrh1 as a cytoplasmic effector and elicitor of plant defense. During saprophytic growth the BcCrh1 protein is localized in vacuoles and ER. Upon plant infection the protein accumulates to high levels in infection cushions, it is then secreted to the apoplast and translocated into plant cells, where it induces cell death and defense responses. Two regions of 53 and 35 amino acids were found sufficient for protein uptake and cell death induction, respectively. Dimerization of BcCrh proteins was necessary for the transglycosylation activity and proper fungal development, while the monomeric proteins was sufficient for induction of cell death. Arabidopsis lines expressing the bccrh1 gene had reduced sensitivity to B. cinerea, demonstrating the potential use of the protein in plant immunization against necrotrophic pathogens.

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