BATNEEC: THE ECONOMICS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS, WITH A UK CASE ILLUSTRATION

Over the course of its 150-year history, California has successfully protected its scenic wilderness areas, restricted coastal oil drilling, regulated automobile emissions, preserved coastal access, improved energy efficiency, and, most recently, addressed global climate change. How has this state, more than any other, enacted so many innovative and stringent environmental regulations over such a long period of time? This book shows why the Golden State has been at the forefront in setting new environmental standards, often leading the rest of the nation. From the establishment of Yosemite, America's first protected wilderness, and the prohibition of dumping gold-mining debris in the nineteenth century to sweeping climate-change legislation in the twenty-first, the book traces California's remarkable environmental policy trajectory. It explains that this pathbreaking role developed because California had more to lose from environmental deterioration and more to gain from preserving its stunning natural geography. As a result, citizens and civic groups effectively mobilized to protect and restore their state's natural beauty and, importantly, were often backed both by business interests and by strong regulatory authorities. Business support for environmental regulation in California reveals that strict standards are not only compatible with economic growth but can also contribute to it. The book also examines areas where California has fallen short, particularly in water management and the state's dependence on automobile transportation.

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Repetitive distortion of the spinal cord owing to a pulsating arachnoid cyst: case illustration

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2019.7.spine19660 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 61-62

Author(s):

Satoshi Nozawa ◽

Kazunari Fushimi ◽

Chizuo Iwai ◽

Kyohei Ishizuka ◽

Haruhiko Akiyama

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Arachnoid Cyst ◽

Case Illustration

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Analysis of the implementation of environmental standards in the sphere of hospitality

10.33983/2075-1826-2020-3-94-102 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 94-102

Author(s):

E.Y. Nikolskaya ◽

G.M. Dekhtyar ◽

M.E. Uspenskaya

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Environmental Standards ◽

Foreign Experience

The article discusses the main advantages of the implementation of environmental standards, as well as an analysis of foreign experience and its adaptation in Russia, provides recommendations on the development of environmental management in Russia.

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Global E-Waste Management and Second-Hand Consumption in the Third World: Substandard Context and Tokunbo Phenomenon in Nigeria

The Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology ◽

10.36108/njsa/2102/01(0180) ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale

Keyword(s):

Third World ◽

New Products ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Environmental Standards ◽

The West ◽

Environmental Threats ◽

The Public ◽

Standards And Regulations ◽

The Third World ◽

National Environmental

The world is technologically advancing, but the management of resultant waste, commonly known as e-waste, is also becoming very challenging. Of major concern is the incessant flow of this waste into the developing world where they assume secondhand value in spite of the associated environmental threats. This study adopts the qualitative approach to examine this phenomenon in Nigeria. The study reveals that aside from being cheaper than the new products, second-hand goods are usually preferred to the new products due to the substandard nature of most new electronics largely imported from Asia (especially China). The tag of Tokunbo or ‘imported from the West’ associated with second-hand goods imported from developed countries makes them more preferable to the public relative to new electronics imported from China, disparagingly termed Chinco. Yet both the second-hand electronics that are socially appreciated as Tokunbo and the substandard new electronics imported into Nigeria together render the country a huge recipient of goods that soon collapse and swell the e-waste heap in the country. This situation may be mitigated through strengthening the Standards Organisation of Nigeria and the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency, and also by sensitizing Nigerians on the dangers inherent in e-wastes.

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Environmental Standards, Wage Incomes and the Location of Polluting Firms (I)

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.224488 ◽

2000 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Barcena Ruiz ◽

M. Begoña Begoña Garzón San Felip

Keyword(s):

Environmental Standards ◽

Polluting Firms

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Environmental Standards: Government Strategies for Setting Deadlines

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3735492 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Amirmohsen Golmohammadi ◽

Tim Kraft ◽

Seyedamin Monemian

Keyword(s):

Environmental Standards

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CETREL's environmental management system (BS-7750): an advanced and innovative project

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0073 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 223-237

Author(s):

F. A. Pereira ◽

A. B. Kauss

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Environmental Effects ◽

Management System ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Education Programme ◽

Environmental Management System ◽

Environmental Standards ◽

Environmental Legislation ◽

Environmental Requirements ◽

The Government

This paper analyses all of the activities carried out by CETREL to establish its Environmental Management System - EMS. This system encompasses all of CETREL's environmental protection efforts: treatment of industrial effluents and residues; environmental monitoring (soil, air, groundwater, rivers and the sea); wildlife preservation programme, environmental education programme, among other activities. CETREL's EMS is a mid-sized system consisting of nearly 425 Instruments (244 Procedures and 181 Work Instructions). The size of the system was selected based on British Standard BS-7750, which provides the principal tools that will allow the organisation to continually maximise beneficial environmental effects while minimising adverse environmental effects. Since the EMS in question is a voluntary one, the result of initiatives taken by CETREL itself, the system's design and architecture were chosen so that the Company's environmental standards would be more stringent than those in the environmental legislation, that is, stricter than the government-mandated environmental requirements.

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