scholarly journals Generation of Yellow Flowers of the Japanese Morning Glory by Engineering Its Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway toward Aurones

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1871-1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Hoshino ◽  
Takayuki Mizuno ◽  
Keiichi Shimizu ◽  
Shoko Mori ◽  
Sachiko Fukada-Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Japanese Morning Glory ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Morning Glories

Abstract Wild-type plants of the Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil) produce blue flowers that accumulate anthocyanin pigments, whereas its mutant cultivars show wide range flower color such as red, magenta and white. However, I. nil lacks yellow color varieties even though yellow flowers were curiously described in words and woodblocks printed in the 19th century. Such yellow flowers have been regarded as ‘phantom morning glories’, and their production has not been achieved despite efforts by breeders of I. nil. The chalcone isomerase (CHI) mutants (including line 54Y) bloom very pale yellow or cream-colored flowers conferred by the accumulation of 2′, 4′, 6′, 4-tetrahydoroxychalcone (THC) 2′-O-glucoside. To produce yellow phantom morning glories, we introduced two snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) genes to the 54Y line by encoding aureusidin synthase (AmAS1) and chalcone 4′-O-glucosyltransferase (Am4′CGT), which are necessary for the accumulation of aureusidin 6-O-glucoside and yellow coloration in A. majus. The transgenic plants expressing both genes exhibit yellow flowers, a character sought for many years. The flower petals of the transgenic plants contained aureusidin 6-O-glucoside, as well as a reduced amount of THC 2′-O-glucoside. In addition, we identified a novel aurone compound, aureusidin 6-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside, in the yellow petals. A combination of the coexpression of AmAS1 and Am4′CGT and suppression of CHI is an effective strategy for generating yellow varieties in horticultural plants.

Thigmatropic Tales

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Education ◽  
Feminist Analysis ◽  
Doctoral Work ◽  
Morning Glories

This chapter revisits the author's doctoral work on the maintenance of flower color variation in morning glories to explore how a feminist analysis can help explain the shape and scope of this research. It traces the idea of variation and the shifting understanding of its significance in the field of evolutionary biology and moreover posits that an interdisciplinary education would have fundamentally reshaped the author's work on the evolutionary biology of morning glory flower color variation. Thus, inspired by the touch-sensitive thigmatropic tendrils of morning glories, which allow the plants to scale large objects and burrow into narrow crevices, this chapter narrates tales of the morning glories through the curious and adventurous tendrils of naturecultural storytelling.

scholarly journals Performance of Yellow-flowering Magnolias in Zone 6b

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna C. Fare
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Plant Canopy ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
Gold Star ◽  
Phyllactinia Corylea

Yellow-flowering magnolias (Magnolia sp.) were evaluated for flower color, bloom duration, and growth rate in U.S. Department Agriculture (USDA), Hardiness Zone 6b, McMinnville, TN. Of the 30 cultivars evaluated, all were reported to have yellow blooms; however, tepal color ranged from light pink with some yellow coloration, creamy yellow to dark yellow. ‘Daphne’, ‘Judy Zuk’, and ‘Yellow Bird’ had the highest yellow color readings on the outside of the tepal and would often be among the latest cultivars to bloom. Magnolia cultivars Gold Star, Golden Gala, Stellar Acclaim, Sun Spire, and Sundance had the lightest yellow tepal color on the outside of the tepal. ‘Goldfinch’, ‘Butterflies’, and ‘Elizabeth’ were the earliest to bloom; ‘Elizabeth’ had one of the longest flowering periods. ‘Carlos’ and ‘Gold Star’ were two of the tallest cultivars in the test compared with Butterflies, Gold Cup, Golden Gift, Golden Pond, Golden Rain, Green Bee, Honey Liz, Koban Dori, Skyland’s Best, and Sunsation, which had the least height growth. Trunk diameters ranged from 7.4 to 18.4 cm after 9 years in the evaluation. Cultivars Golden Gala and Gold Star had trunk diameters greater than twice the size of Golden Pond, Golden Rain, Green Bee, Honey Liz, and Koban Dori. Powdery mildew (Phyllactinia corylea and Microsphaera alni) was observed on all cultivars; however, Golden Sun, Green Bee, Solar Flair, Stellar Acclaim, Sunburst, and Yellow Bird had greater than 47% of the leaf area affected with powdery mildew. Over 60% of the canopy was affected with powdery mildew on ‘Green Bee’, ‘Stellar Acclaim’, ‘Sunburst’, and ‘Yellow Bird’. Powdery mildew was less than 20% on both the foliage and plant canopy of ‘Banana Split’, ‘Butterflies’, ‘Carlos’, ‘Elizabeth’, and ‘Sun Spire’.

Museum Preserves in the Sphere of “Cultural Tourism”: Through the Example of the Cultural Preserves of Tatarstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Lyudmila S. Timofeeva ◽  
Albina R. Akhmetova ◽  
Liliya R. Galimzyanova ◽  
Roman R. Nizaev ◽  
Svetlana E. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourist Center ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Abstract The article studies the existence experience of historical cities as centers of tourism development as in the case of Elabuga. The city of Elabuga is among the historical cities of Russia. The major role in the development of the city as a tourist center is played by the Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve. The object of the research in the article is Elabuga as a medium-size historical city. The subject of the research is the activity of the museum-reserve which contributes to the preservation and development of the historical look of Elabuga and increases its attractiveness to tourists. The tourism attractiveness of Elabuga is obtained primarily through the presence of the perfectly preserved historical center of the city with the blocks of integral buildings of the 19th century. The Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve, which emerged in 1989, is currently an object of historical and cultural heritage of federal importance. Museum-reserves with their significant territories and rich historical, cultural and natural heritage have unique resources for the implementation of large partnership projects. Such projects are not only aimed at attracting a wide range of tourists, but also stimulate interest in the reserve from the business elite, municipal and regional authorities. The most famous example is the Spasskaya Fair which revived in 2008 in Elabuga. It was held in the city since the second half of the 19th century, and was widely known throughout Russia. The process of the revival and successful development of the fair can be viewed as the creation of a special tourist event contributing to the formation of new and currently important tourism products.

ChemInform Abstract: Acylated Pelargonidin 3-Sophoroside-5-glucosides from the Flowers of the Japanese Morning Glory Cultivar “Violet”.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (48) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Kenjiro Toki ◽  
Norio Saito ◽  
Shigeru Iida ◽  
Atsushi Hoshino ◽  
Atsushi Shigihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morning Glory ◽  
Japanese Morning Glory

scholarly journals Some notes on a historical perspective of panic disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Egidio Nardi
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Greek Mythology ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Therapeutic Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article aims to describe important points in the history of panic disorder concept, as well as to highlight the importance of its diagnosis for clinical and research developments. Panic disorder has been described in several literary reports and folklore. One of the oldest examples lies in Greek mythology - the god Pan, responsible for the term panic. The first half of the 19th century witnessed the culmination of medical approach. During the second half of the 19th century came the psychological approach of anxiety. The 20th century associated panic disorder to hereditary, organic and psychological factors, dividing anxiety into simple and phobic anxious states. Therapeutic development was also observed in psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic fields. Official classifications began to include panic disorder as a category since the third edition of the American Classification Manual (1980). Some biological theories dealing with etiology were widely discussed during the last decades of the 20th century. They were based on laboratory studies of physiological, cognitive and biochemical tests, as the false suffocation alarm theory and the fear network. Such theories were important in creating new diagnostic paradigms to modern psychiatry. That suggests the need to consider a wide range of historical variables to understand how particular features for panic disorder diagnosis have been developed and how treatment has emerged.

Content and Consistency in the Endogenous Depressive Pattern

1966 ◽  
Vol 112 (486) ◽  
pp. 471-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul H. Rosenthal ◽  
Gerald L. Klerman
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychotic Depression ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Mourning And Melancholia ◽  
The Way

As currently used, the diagnosis of depression includes a wide range of clinical phenomena. This has not always been the case. Near the end of the 19th century, when the term depression began to evolve the meanings that it has today it was applied primarily to psychotics. The formulations of Freud in Mourning and Melancholia (1917), and of Kraepelin in Manic Depressive Insanity (1921) were based upon observations of patients who were both depressed and psychotic. In their work the contrast was between psychotic depression (or “melancholia”) on one hand, and normal sadness on the other. In the succeeding half-century, however, as psychiatry has extended its boundaries, increasing attention has been focused on non-psychotic depressions, often called “neurotic” or “reactive.” As these “neurotic” or “reactive” depressions reached public attention, a debate began over the way in which the depressive population should be described and the extent to which it should be subdivided. Critical and often sarcastic written battles were fought between the separatists and the unifiers during the 1920's and 1930's. These debates have been informatively chronicled by Partridge (1949). We have found it useful to divide these theorists into unifiers, dualists, and pluralists.

The ‘Genius of language’

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 367-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Schlaps
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dynamic Form ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Static Concept ◽  
Interior Part

Summary The so-called ‘genius of language’ may be regarded as one of the most influential, and versatile, metalinguistic metaphors used to describe vernacular languages from the 17th century onwards. Over the centuries, philosophers, grammarians, trans­lators and language critics etc. wrote of the ‘genius of language’ in a wide range of text types and with reference to various linguistic positions so that a set of rather diverse types of the concept was created. This paper traces three prominent stages in the development of the ‘genius of language’ argument and, by identifying some of the most frequent types as they evolved in the context of the various linguistic dis­courses, endeavours to show the major transformations of the concept. While early on, discussion of the stylistic and grammatical type of the ‘genius of language’ concentrates on surface features in the languages considered, during the middle of the 18th century, the ‘genius of language’ is relocated to the semantic, interior part of language. With the 19th-century notion of an organological ‘genius of language’, the former static concept is personified and recast in a dynamic form until, taken to its nationalistic extremes, the ‘genius of language’ argument finally ceases to be of any epistemological and scientific value.

Identification of r mutations conferring white flowers in the Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil)

2009 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-223
Author(s):  
Atsushi Hoshino ◽  
Kyeung-Il Park ◽  
Shigeru Iida
Keyword(s):  
Morning Glory ◽  
Ipomoea Nil ◽  
Japanese Morning Glory
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