scholarly journals Performance of Yellow-flowering Magnolias in Zone 6b

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna C. Fare
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Plant Canopy ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
Gold Star ◽  
Phyllactinia Corylea

Yellow-flowering magnolias (Magnolia sp.) were evaluated for flower color, bloom duration, and growth rate in U.S. Department Agriculture (USDA), Hardiness Zone 6b, McMinnville, TN. Of the 30 cultivars evaluated, all were reported to have yellow blooms; however, tepal color ranged from light pink with some yellow coloration, creamy yellow to dark yellow. ‘Daphne’, ‘Judy Zuk’, and ‘Yellow Bird’ had the highest yellow color readings on the outside of the tepal and would often be among the latest cultivars to bloom. Magnolia cultivars Gold Star, Golden Gala, Stellar Acclaim, Sun Spire, and Sundance had the lightest yellow tepal color on the outside of the tepal. ‘Goldfinch’, ‘Butterflies’, and ‘Elizabeth’ were the earliest to bloom; ‘Elizabeth’ had one of the longest flowering periods. ‘Carlos’ and ‘Gold Star’ were two of the tallest cultivars in the test compared with Butterflies, Gold Cup, Golden Gift, Golden Pond, Golden Rain, Green Bee, Honey Liz, Koban Dori, Skyland’s Best, and Sunsation, which had the least height growth. Trunk diameters ranged from 7.4 to 18.4 cm after 9 years in the evaluation. Cultivars Golden Gala and Gold Star had trunk diameters greater than twice the size of Golden Pond, Golden Rain, Green Bee, Honey Liz, and Koban Dori. Powdery mildew (Phyllactinia corylea and Microsphaera alni) was observed on all cultivars; however, Golden Sun, Green Bee, Solar Flair, Stellar Acclaim, Sunburst, and Yellow Bird had greater than 47% of the leaf area affected with powdery mildew. Over 60% of the canopy was affected with powdery mildew on ‘Green Bee’, ‘Stellar Acclaim’, ‘Sunburst’, and ‘Yellow Bird’. Powdery mildew was less than 20% on both the foliage and plant canopy of ‘Banana Split’, ‘Butterflies’, ‘Carlos’, ‘Elizabeth’, and ‘Sun Spire’.

Susceptibility of Crape Myrtle, Lagerstroemia indica L., to the Crapemyrtle Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in North Florida

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell F. Mizell ◽  
Gary W. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Flower Color

Thirty seven cultivars of the crape myrtle, Lagerstroemia spp., were evaluated in a two year study in north Florida for susceptibility to the crapemyrtle aphid, Tinocallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy). Numbers of crapemyrtle aphids per leaf were monitored each week from June to October in 1990 and 1991. Peak aphid numbers occurred in both years during the last week in July. Cultivars with L. fauriei parentage, and cultivars that are susceptible to or those with resistance to powdery mildew had significantly higher aphids per leaf than cultivars considered tolerant of powdery mildew. Aphid numbers were not related to flower color or leaf area, but tall and semi-dwarf cultivars had significantly more aphids than dwarf or medium-sized cultivars. Mean number (± SE) of aphids per leaf per sample date varied from a low of 6.2 ± 1.7 on ‘Centennial Spirit’ to 84.8 ± 19.1 on ‘Biloxi’.

scholarly journals Generation of Yellow Flowers of the Japanese Morning Glory by Engineering Its Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway toward Aurones

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1871-1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Hoshino ◽  
Takayuki Mizuno ◽  
Keiichi Shimizu ◽  
Shoko Mori ◽  
Sachiko Fukada-Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Japanese Morning Glory ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Morning Glories

Abstract Wild-type plants of the Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil) produce blue flowers that accumulate anthocyanin pigments, whereas its mutant cultivars show wide range flower color such as red, magenta and white. However, I. nil lacks yellow color varieties even though yellow flowers were curiously described in words and woodblocks printed in the 19th century. Such yellow flowers have been regarded as ‘phantom morning glories’, and their production has not been achieved despite efforts by breeders of I. nil. The chalcone isomerase (CHI) mutants (including line 54Y) bloom very pale yellow or cream-colored flowers conferred by the accumulation of 2′, 4′, 6′, 4-tetrahydoroxychalcone (THC) 2′-O-glucoside. To produce yellow phantom morning glories, we introduced two snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) genes to the 54Y line by encoding aureusidin synthase (AmAS1) and chalcone 4′-O-glucosyltransferase (Am4′CGT), which are necessary for the accumulation of aureusidin 6-O-glucoside and yellow coloration in A. majus. The transgenic plants expressing both genes exhibit yellow flowers, a character sought for many years. The flower petals of the transgenic plants contained aureusidin 6-O-glucoside, as well as a reduced amount of THC 2′-O-glucoside. In addition, we identified a novel aurone compound, aureusidin 6-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside, in the yellow petals. A combination of the coexpression of AmAS1 and Am4′CGT and suppression of CHI is an effective strategy for generating yellow varieties in horticultural plants.

Height growth rate of Scots pine in Central Europe increased by 29% between 1900 and 2000 due to changes in site productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 490 ◽  
pp. 119102
Author(s):  
Jarosław Socha ◽  
Svein Solberg ◽  
Luiza Tymińska-Czabańska ◽  
Piotr Tompalski ◽  
Patrick Vallet
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Site Productivity

scholarly journals Growth and yield of wheat at different dates of sowing under chrland ecosystem of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Kamrozzaman ◽  
MAH Khan ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
N Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate

An experiment was conducted at Sadipur charland under Farming System Research and Development Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur, during rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the growth and yield performance of cv. BARI Gom-24 as affected by different dates of sowing under Agro-ecological Zone-12 (AEZ-12) of Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six replications, comprising five different dates of sowing viz. November 5, November 15, November 25, December 5 and December 15. Results reveal that the tallest plant, leaf area index, total dry matter, and crop growth rate were observed in November 25 sown crop and leaf area index, total dry matter and crop growth rate were higher at booting, grain filling, and tillering stages of the crop. Maximum effective tillers hill-1 (3.49), spikes m-2, (311), number of grains spike-1 (42.20) and 1000-grain weight (52.10 g) were produced by November 25 sown crop exhibited the highest grain (4.30 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.94 t ha-1) as well as harvest index (46.88%) of the crop. Lowest performance was observed both in early (November 5) and late sown crop (December 15). The overall results indicated that November 25 sown crop showed better performance in respect of growth and yield of wheat under charland ecosystem of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 147-154, December 2016

Stomatal conductance and growth of five Alnusglutinosa clones in response to controlled water stress

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Hennessey ◽  
E. M. Lorenzi ◽  
R. W. McNew
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Progressive Water Stress

An experiment to quantify the response of unnodulated, fertilized European black alder (Alnusglutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) seedlings to progressive water stress showed contrasting drought tolerance among five clones, using stomatal conductance, leaf area, and height as indices of drought sensitivity. In particular, one rapidly growing clone (AG 8022-14) showed the ability to moderate changes in water stress more efficiently than the more slowly growing clones. After 30 days of moderate levels of water stress, clones that had higher stomatal conductance also had greater leaf area and height growth. Leaf area and height were both sensitive to plant water status, although no threshold of stress associated with a cessation of leaf area or height expansion was found even though stomatal conductance decreased to 0.05 cm s−1 under severe water stress.

Low temperature effects on the growth of evening primrose (Oenothera spp.) rosettes

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
A. F. Fieldsend
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Intermittent Exposure ◽  
Environment Experiment

In field crops of evening primrose (Oenothera spp.) the post-winter growth of rosettes is slow to re-start. The effect of temperature on the growth of rosettes was assessed in a controlled environment experiment. Relative growth rate was positively correlated with temperature, but in apparent contrast to the results from field trials, the rosettes grew at constant temperatures as low as 6.5ºC. However, following transfer to warmer temperatures an increase in relative growth rate did not occur until 7-10 days later, whilst a change to a cooler environment caused an immediate reduction in relative growth rate. Thus, it seems likely that growth is inhibited by intermittent exposure to temperatures of 0°C or below. Partitioning of biomass between root and shoot was independent of temperature, but at 6.5ºC the relative rate of leaf area increase was very low. Consequently, the specific leaf area was lower in rosettes growing at lower temperatures.

scholarly journals Growth Analysis of Watermelon Plants Grown with Mulches and Rowcovers

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
J. LaMar Anderson ◽  
Alvin R. Hamson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Area Index

`Crimson Sweet' watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] plants were grown with various mulches and rowcovers and analyzed for relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area index (LAI), and crop growth rate (CGR). Spunbonded polyester fabric (SB-PF) and perforated polyethylene film (PCP) rowcovers generally showed greater mean RGR, SLA and CGR than spunbonded polypropylene polyamide net (SB-PP), black plus clear combination plastic mulch and black plastic mulch alone. Plants on mulches and under rowcovers showed significant increases in RGR, NAR, and SLA over plants grown in bare soil. Carbon dioxide concentration inside the transplanting mulch holes was nearly twice the ambient CO, concentration. Growth analysis of sampled watermelon plants during early stages of development under various treatments was predictive of crop yield. Plants under SB-PF and PCP rowcovers produced the earliest fruit and the greatest total yield. An asymmetrical curvilinear model for watermelon growth and development based on cardinal temperatures was developed. The model uses hourly averaged temperatures to predict growth and phenological development of `Crimson Sweet' watermelon plants grown with and without rowcovers. Early vegetative growth correlated well with accumulated heat units. Results indicate a consistent heat unit requirement for the `Crimson Sweet' watermelon plants to reach first male flower, first female flower and first harvest in uncovered plants and plants under rowcovers. Greater variability was observed in predicting date of first harvest than first bloom.

scholarly journals Performance of LAI-2200 Plant Canopy Analyzer on Leaf Area Index of Jatropha Nut Estimation

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.P. Lena ◽  
M.V. Folegatti ◽  
J.P. Francisco ◽  
O.N.A. Santos ◽  
I.P.S. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Canopy ◽  
Area Index
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