The Effects of the Amount of Fluid Used in Epiduroscopic Laser Neural Discectomy Procedures on Intraocular Pressure and an Evaluation of the Ocular Findings

Abstract Introduction During epiduroscopic laser neural discectomy (ELNP) procedures, the amount of fluid used in the epidural area may cause increased intracranial pressure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of increased epidural pressure on intraocular pressure and other ocular findings due to the amount of fluid delivered to the epidural area and the rate of delivery of the fluid. Material and Methods After obtaining approval from the Ethics Committee of Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, patients who underwent ELNP in the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Algology Clinic, between January 2017 and May 2017 were included in this retrospective study. To evaluate the ocular findings after the operation, measurements obtained using an optical coherence tomography device were retrieved from the patient files and evaluated. Results Data from the medical files of 52 patients from the hospital system were evaluated. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, mean central macular thickness, optic disk area, and vertical cup-to-disk ratio (P > 0.05). Conclusions Epiduroscopy procedures include intermittent or continuous infusion of saline into the epidural area. Currently, the volume of fluid that should be given to the epidural area in epiduroscopy procedures is very controversial. As a result of this study, we concluded that the amount of fluid used during ELNP, at 107.25 mL and 8.33 mL/min, had no effect on the intraocular pressure, optic disk diameter, macular thickness, or peripapillary RNFL thickness; thus, it was safe for ELNP.

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The different structure-function correlation as measured by OCT and Octopus perimetry cluster analysis in intracranial tumor and glaucoma patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-199844/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaochun Li ◽

Jiayin Qin ◽

Xiaoguang Cao ◽

Zeqin Ren ◽

Ting Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Intracranial Tumor ◽

Optic Disk ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Swept Source ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Tumor Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Swept Source Oct ◽

Function Correlation

Abstract BackgroundTo explore the correlation of visual field (VF) defect values and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness for the intracranial tumor and glaucoma patients. MethodsRetrospective analysis is performed for the intracranial and glaucoma patients, whose VF defect values measured with Octopus perimeter cluster analysis, and RNFL thickness and optic disk parameters measured with swept source OCT. The differences between VF and RNFL (included the data of optic disc) are calculated. The correlation between VF defect values and RNFL thickness are explored.Results43 eyes of 29 patients with the intracranial tumor and 39 eyes of 23 patients with the glaucoma are enrolled. Thickness of RNFL not only for the whole (360°), but also for the four quadrants are thinner in the glaucoma group than those of the intracranial tumor group (p<0.05). There is no significant difference of VF for those two groups. Stronger correlation for mean deviations (MD)s of VF ten clusters and RNFL thickness of OCT twelve sectors is found in the glaucoma patients, but few in the intracranial tumor patients. Logistic regression also shows the RNFL loss tending to the diagnosis of glaucoma, and the VF damage is inclined to the diagnosis of intracranial tumor.ConclusionsIntracranial tumor has a weak correlation between the RNFL thickness and Octopus VF MD, compared with that of glaucoma. OCT and Octopus VF might provide more helpful information for the antidiastole of intracranial tumor and glaucoma.

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Ganglion cell complex scan in the early prediction of glaucoma

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v4i2.6538 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 236-241

Author(s):

S Ganekal

Keyword(s):

Ganglion Cell ◽

Cell Complex ◽

P Value ◽

Ganglion Cell Complex ◽

Automated Perimetry ◽

Standard Automated Perimetry ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Color Code ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: To compare the macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) with peripapillary retinal fiber layer (RNFL) thickness map in glaucoma suspects and patients. Subjects and methods: Forty participants (20 glaucoma suspects and 20 glaucoma patients) were enrolled. Macular GCC and RNFL thickness maps were performed in both eyes of each participant in the same visit. The sensitivity and specificity of a color code less than 5% (red or yellow) for glaucoma diagnosis were calculated. Standard Automated Perimetry was performed with the Octopus 3.1.1 Dynamic 24-2 program. Statistics: The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 10.1 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, EUA). Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and a p value of 0.05 or less was considered significant. Results: Provide absolute numbers of these findings with their units of measurement. There was a statistically significant difference in average RNFL thickness (p=0.004), superior RNFL thickness (p=0.006), inferior RNFL thickness (p=0.0005) and average GCC (p=0.03) between the suspects and glaucoma patients. There was no difference in optic disc area (p=0.35) and vertical cup/disc ratio (p=0.234) in both groups. While 38% eyes had an abnormal GCC and 13% had an abnormal RNFL thickness in the glaucoma suspect group, 98% had an abnormal GCC and 90% had an abnormal RNFL thickness in the glaucoma group.Conclusion: The ability to diagnose glaucoma with macular GCC thickness is comparable to that with peripapillary RNFL thickness. Macular GCC thickness measurements may be a good alternative or a complementary measurement to RNFL thickness assessment in the clinical evaluation of glaucoma.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v4i2.6538 Nepal J Ophthalmol 2012; 4 (2): 236-241

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Factors related to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03270-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yanhong Liu ◽

Yongsheng Tong ◽

Lvzhen Huang ◽

Jingxu Chen ◽

Shaoxiao Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Major Depression ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Normal People ◽

Retinal Nerve Fiber

Abstract Background We analyzed the correlation of the clinical data with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients. The aim of this study is to explore factors that affect RNFL thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients, with a view to providing a new diagnostic strategy. Methods Eighty-two bipolar disorder patients, 35 major depression patients and 274 people who were age and gender matched with the patients were enrolled. Demographic information and metabolic profile of all participants were collected. Best-corrected visual acuity of each eye, intraocular pressure (IOP), fundus examination was performed. RNFL and macular thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Correlations between RNFL and macular thickness and other data were analyzed. Results RNFL and macula lutea in bipolar dipolar patients and major depression patients are thinner than normal people. Triglyceride and UA levels are the highest in the bipolar disorder group, while alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST) levels in the depression group are the highest. Age onset and ALT are positively while uric acid (UA) is negatively correlated with RNFL thickness in bipolar dipolar patients. Cholesterol level is positively correlated with RNFL thickness while the duration of illness is correlated with RNFL thickness of left eye in major depression patients. Conclusions RNFL and macula lutea in bipolar dipolar patients and major depression patients are thinner than normal people. In bipolar disorder patients, age-onset and ALT are potential protective factors in the progress of RNFL thinning, while UA is the pathological factor.

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Impact of Valsalva Maneuver on Central Choroid, Central Macula, and Disk Fiber Layer Thickness Among High Myopic and Hyperopic Patients

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.5301/ejo.5000834 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 331-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isil Kurultay-Ersan ◽

Sinan Emre

Keyword(s):

Axial Length ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Valsalva Maneuver ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽

Central Macular Thickness ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Before And After

Purpose To evaluate the alterations in mean central choroidal, central macular, and disk retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) during Valsalva maneuver among patients with high refractive errors. Methods A total of 60 high myopic (≥-6.0 D) and 50 high hyperopic (≥ + 3.0 D) eyes of 58 patients aged 19-65 years with visual acuity of 20/20 and without any ophthalmologic or systemic diseases were evaluated by OCT before and after the Valsalva maneuver. The choroidal thickness was measured with enhanced depth imaging OCT method. Central macular thickness, disk RNFL thickness, and axial length were also assessed. Results Mean choroidal thickness increased significantly from 275.0 ± 27.2 μm at rest to 279.8 ± 31.6 μm after Valsalva maneuver in high myopic patients, and from 308.2 ± 27.3 μm to 313.6 ± 28.5 μm in high hyperopic patients (p<0.01 for each). A significant negative correlation of the choroidal thickness was noted with axial length (r = -0.509, p<0.01) and age (r = -0.224, p = 0.01) in the overall study population. Mean central macular thickness was 242.9 ± 44.4 μm and 254.0 ± 22.8 μm, while mean disk RNFL thickness was 81.6 ± 12.4 μm and 98.4 ± 13.3 μm in high myopic and hyperopic patients, respectively. Valsalva maneuver was not associated with significant change in central macular or disk RNFL thickness. Conclusions Significant association of Valsalva maneuver with an increase in choroidal thickness was noted among patients with high degree of myopia and hyperopia. Our findings emphasize the likelihood of increase in choroidal volume due to venous distension to be responsible for the increase observed in choroidal thickness after Valsalva maneuver.

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Combined analysis of trabectome and phaco-trabectome outcomes by glaucoma severity

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.8448.2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 762 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yalong Dang ◽

Pritha Roy ◽

Igor I. Bussel ◽

Ralitsa T. Loewen ◽

Hardik Parikh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Visual Field ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Age Groups ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Primary Resistance ◽

Field Function ◽

Staging Systems ◽

Significant Difference

Prior glaucoma severity staging systems were mostly concerned with visual field function and retinal nerve fiber layer, but did not include intraocular pressure or medications to capture resistance to treatment. We recently introduced a simple index that combines pressure, medications, and visual field damage and applied it to stratify outcomes of trabectome surgery. In the analysis presented here, we combined data of trabectome alone and trabectome with same session cataract surgery to increase testing power and chances of effect discovery. This microincisional glaucoma surgery removes the primary resistance to outflow in glaucoma, the trabecular meshwork, and has been mostly used in mild glaucoma. Traditional glaucoma surgeries have a relatively high complication rate and have been reserved for more advanced disease stages. In the analysis presented here we include our data of trabectome combined with cataract surgery. This is a common practice pattern as both occur in the same age group with increasing frequency. For patients in higher glaucoma index (GI) groups, the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction was 2.34+/-0.19 mmHg more than those in a GI group one level lower while holding everything else constant. Those who had undergone trabectome combined with phacoemulsification had an IOP reduction that was 1.29+/-0.39 mmHg less compared to those with trabectome alone. No statistically significant difference was found between genders and age groups while holding everything else constant. Hispanics had a 3.81+/-1.08 mmHg greater IOP reduction. Pseudoexfoliation and steroid glaucoma patients had an IOP reduction that was greater by 2.91+/-0.56 and 3.86+/-0.81 mmHg, respectively, than those with primary open angle glaucoma. These results suggest a role for trabectome-mediated ab interno trabeculectomy beyond mild forms of glaucoma. Additionally, the multifactorial glaucoma index demonstrates a role in staging patients when comparing glaucoma surgical modalities.

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Age-Related Physiologic Thinning Rate of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Different Levels of Myopia

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2020/1873581 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Daun Jeong ◽

Kyung Rim Sung ◽

Youn Hye Jo ◽

Sung-cheol Yun

Keyword(s):

Nerve Fiber ◽

Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Thinning Rate ◽

Sd Oct ◽

Retinal Nerve Fiber

Purpose. To investigate the effect of refractive error on the physiologic thinning rate of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in healthy eyes. Materials and Methods. This study analyzed 223 eyes of 141 healthy subjects followed for more than 5 years and underwent at least five serial spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) examinations. Longitudinal RNFL measurements were analyzed by linear mixed models incorporating follow-up duration, baseline RNFL thickness, spherical equivalent (SE), age, intraocular pressure, and visual field mean deviation. Thinning rates were classified according to SE into three groups: nonmyopic (NM; >0 D), mild-to-moderately myopic (MM; >–6 D and ≤0 D), and highly myopic (HM; ≤–6 D). Results. The overall slopes of change in RNFL thickness over time in the NM, MM, and HM groups were −0.305 ± 0.128, −0.294 ± 0.068, and −0.208 ± 0.097 μm/yr, respectively. Slopes of RNFL thickness changes in these groups were −0.514 ± 0.248, −0.520 ± 0.133, and −0.528 ± 0.188 μm/yr, in the superior quadrant; −0.084 ± 0.145, 0.107 ± 0.082, and −0.161 ± 0.112 μm/yr, in the temporal quadrant; −0.807 ± 0.242, −0.794 ± 0.130, and −0.727 ± 0.183 μm/yr, in the inferior quadrant; and 0.160 ± 0.157, 0.118 ± 0.084, and 0.429 ± 0.119 μm/yr, in the nasal quadrant. Overall and in all four quadrants, there was no significant difference in the rate of RNFL thickness change among the three groups. Conclusions. Refractive error did not affect the physiologic thinning rate of RNFL when assessed by SD OCT.

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Comparison of anti-inflammatory effects of eye drops formulations after uncomplicated cataract surgery

Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/2515841420924304 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 251584142092430

Author(s):

Carlo Cagini ◽

Adriana Pellegrino ◽

Alessia Iannone ◽

Alessio Cerquaglia ◽

Antonella Modugno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Aqueous Humour ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of different dexamethasone eye drops formulations in controlling postoperative inflammation. Methods: Cataract surgery was carried out in 72 patients (35 males) divided into two groups: group A (36 patients, mean age = 78.0 ± 5.6) received four times daily for 2 weeks a suspension containing tobramycin 0.3% mg/ml + dexamethasone 0.1% mg/ml, and group B (36 patients, mean age = 76.2 ± 6.8) a solution containing tobramycin 0.3% mg/ml + dexamethasone 0.1% mg/ml. Both groups received ofloxacin 0.5% four times daily for 7 days, and nepafenac 0.1% three times daily for 3 weeks. Best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, endothelial cells count, aqueous flare and macular thickness were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 day, 15 days, 1 and 2 months. Results: In group A, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness and aqueous humour flare values preoperatively and at the end of follow-up were 14.3 ± 1.8 and 13.2 ± 1.8 mmHg, 546.4 ± 34.6 and 539.6 ± 36.1 µm, 11.84 ± 4.44 and 13.52 ± 5.54 ph/ms, respectively, with no statistically significant difference. In group B, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness and aqueous humour flare values preoperatively and at the end of follow-up were 14.3 ± 1.5 and 13.1 ± 1.7 mmHg, 552.9 ± 37.4 and 548.1 ± 39.3 µm, 11.45 ± 4.06 and 13.73 ± 4.99 ph/ms, respectively, with no statistically significant difference. No difference was detected in the macular thickness values in the parafoveal area preoperatively and at 2 months follow-up in group A (332.18 ± 16.19 and 337.71 ± 16.33 µm) and group B (329.11 ± 18.28 and 334.37 ± 20.86 µm), respectively. Conclusion: The two different formulations of dexamethasone eye drops reached the same anti-inflammatory effects.

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Effects of SMILE Surgery on Intraocular Pressure, Central Corneal Thickness, Axial Length, Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Macular Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2020/4934196 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Zhanlin Zhao ◽

Sylvain Michée ◽

Jean-François Faure ◽

Christophe Baudouin ◽

Antoine Labbé

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Ganglion Cell ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Ganglion Cell Complex ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

The Mean

Purpose. To evaluate the change in intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery. Methods. This prospective observational study was conducted in Espace Nouvelle Vision, Ophthalmological Clinic, Paris, France. Fifty eyes of 25 patients were enrolled in this study and underwent SMILE surgeries. IOP, central corneal thickness (CCT), axial length (AL), peripapillary RNFL thickness, and macular GCC thickness were measured before and at 3 months after SMILE. Results. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent was −3.15 ± 1.50 diopters (D), and the mean postoperative value was 0.15 ± 0.28 D. After SMILE surgery, IOP decreased from 15.03 ± 2.79 mmHg to 11.02 ± 2.73 mmHg and 10.02 ± 2.21 mmHg at 1 and 3 months, respectively ( P < 0.01 for both comparisons). The mean decrease in measured IOP as a function of ablation depth was 0.065 ± 0.031 mmHg/μm. CCT decreased from 545.98 ± 26.61 μm to 478.40 ± 30.26 μm after SMILE surgery ( P < 0.01 ). AL decreased from 24.80 ± 0.84 mm to 24.70 ± 0.83 mm ( P < 0.01 ). There was no statistically significant change in mean peripapillary RNFL or mean GCC thickness after SMILE surgery. Conclusions. SMILE surgery modified IOP measurement, CCT, and AL but did not change peripapillary RNFL and macular GCC thicknesses. The postoperative drop in measured IOP might be explained by the decreased CCT. An accurate re-evaluation of AL should be performed before cataract surgery among post-SMILE patients.

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The Effect of LASIK Procedure on Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Macular Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness in Myopic Eyes

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/8923819 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maja Zivkovic ◽

Vesna Jaksic ◽

Athanassios Giarmoukakis ◽

Michael Grentzelos ◽

Marko Zlatanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ganglion Cell ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Plexiform Layer ◽

Inner Plexiform Layer ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Rnfl Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Retinal Nerve Fiber

Purpose. To evaluate the effect of applied suction during microkeratome-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness as well as macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness. Methods. 89 patients (124 eyes) with established myopia range from −3.0 to −8.0 diopters and no associated ocular diseases were included in this study. RNFL and GC-IPL thickness measurements were performed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) one day before LASIK and at 1 and 6 months postoperatively. Results. Mean RNFL thickness prior to LASIK was 93.86±12.17 μm while the first month and the sixth month postoperatively were 94.01±12.04 μm and 94.46±12.27 μm, respectively. Comparing results, there is no significant difference between baseline, one month, and six months postoperatively for mean RNFL (p>0.05). Mean GC-IPL thickness was 81.70±7.47 μm preoperatively with no significant difference during the follow-up period (82.03±7.69 μm versus 81.84±7.64 μm; p>0.05). Conclusion. RNFL and GC-IPL complex thickness remained unaffected following LASIK intervention.

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A Study of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness by using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Older Adults with Diabetes Mellitus

10.35262/jiag.v15i1.17-21 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

Devendra Sharma ◽

Arvind Chauhan ◽

Avisha Mathur

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Nerve Fiber ◽

Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer ◽

Macular Thickness ◽

Spectral Domain ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Rnfl Thickness

Introduction: Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning occurs in the diabetic patients earlier than the detectable diabetic retinopathy. We conducted this study to evaluate the RNFL thickness and macular thickness in elderly diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography in comparison to healthy controls. Material and methods: One fifty study participants were divided in 3 groups (50 each): normal subjects, patients with diabetes with no detectable diabetic retinopathy (NDR) and patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) of differing severity. The RNFL thickness and macular thickness was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT). Results: The RNFL thickness around the optic disc differed significantly among all the 3 groups and tended to become thinner as the patient develops DR in elderly subjects. The mean, superior-temporal and upper nasal peripapillary RNFL thickness differed among all the 3 groups. We observed that, mean superior, temporal, inferior and nasal RNFL tended to be thinner as the patient develops DR. Conclusion: The RNFL thickness, macular thickness and ganglion cell complex thinning differed significantly between the healthy group and diabetic group without clinical DR. The RNFL thinning (measured by Spectral-domain OCT) is an early neurodegenerative ocular change in diabetic patients even before onset of diabetic retinopathy.

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