scholarly journals S245. BRAIN CONNECTIVITY CHANGES AFTER COGNITIVE REMEDIATION: A RESTING-STATE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S132-S132
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Barbara Segura ◽  
Anna Inguanzo ◽  
Clemente Garcia-Rizo ◽  
Rosa Catalán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Social Skills Training ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sensorimotor Network

Abstract Background Some studies have showed how Cognitive Remediation is able to improve activation patterns in the frontal lobe. However, only few data on neuroconnectivity has been reported yet. Resting-state fMRI approach seems to be a promising methodology with potentiality for testing neuroconnectivity. Methods A randomized and controlled trial was carried out with three groups: patients receiving Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT), patients receiving Social Skills Training (SST) as an active control, and a healthy control (HC) group. A resting-state fMRI data was acquired in part of the sample (n = 26 patients, n = 10 healthy controls) of a partner study (NCT 02341131). A data-driven approach using independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify functional brain networks, which were compared between groups and group per time using a dual-regression approach. Results ICA results revealed reduced functional connectivity between patients and controls in sensorimotor, basal ganglia, default mode and visual networks at baseline (p<0.05 FEW-corrected). After treatment, time per group analyses evidenced increased connectivity in sensorimotor network. Furthermore, group comparison at follow-up showed similar connectivity patterns between patients and healthy controls in sensorimotor network, but also in default mode and basal ganglia networks. Discussion Cognitive remediation could be able to strengthen some aspects of brain connectivity networks. Our data could be in line of the hypothesis of disconnectivity in schizophrenia. However, cognitive remediation but also social skills training seemed to be able to induce detectable changes in brain functioning in terms of restoring some aspects on the connectivity pattern.

scholarly journals S198. SELF-DISTURBANCES AND THEIR NEURAL SIGNATURES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S114-S114
Author(s):  
Yulia Zaytseva ◽  
Eva Kozakova ◽  
Pavel Mohr ◽  
Filip Spaniel ◽  
Aaron Mishara
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Motor Speech ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Aberrant Salience ◽  
First Rank Symptoms

Abstract Background The self-disturbances (SDs) concept is considered to be part of the Schneider’s first rank symptoms, i.e., thought-withdrawal, thought-insertion, thought-broadcasting, somatic-passivity experiences, mental/motor automatisms, disrupted unitary self-experience (Mishara et al., 2014). SDs were originally described by W. Mayer-Gross (1920), who observed them in psychotic patients. Methods We classified Mayer-Gross’ findings on SDs into the following categories: experience is new/compelling (aberrant salience), reduced access/importance of autobiographical past, cognitions/emotions occur independently from self’s volition, foreign agents have power over self and developed an SDs scale based on these categories and cognitive domains (perception, motor, speech, thinking etc.). Scale is applied as a measure of the frequency of the experiences. In our current study on phenomenology and neurobiology of psychotic symptoms, we administered the scale to a study group of patients with schizophrenia (N=84) and healthy volunteers (N=170). Further, the resting state fMRI was performed and the group was divided into two subgroups with (N=13) and without self-disturbances (N=10) and in healthy individuals (N=39). Results We found substantial differences in the frequency of self-disturbances in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls (total score differences, Z=-5.83, p< 0.001). On a neural level, patients with self-disturbances experienced a decreased functional brain connectivity of the default mode and salience networks as compared to the patients without self-disturbances and healthy controls. The differences were mainly explained by the factor ‘’foreign agents’’ and the novelty of the experience. Discussion The scale identifies self-disturbances in schizophrenia and confirms self-related processing in patients with schizophrenia to be associated with altered activation in the cortical midline structures. Supported by the grant projects MH CR AZV 17-32957A and MEYS NPU4NUDZ: LO1611.

Social skills vs. Neurocognitive training in psychotic patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1475-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Piegari ◽  
S. Galderisi ◽  
P. Bucci ◽  
A. Mucci ◽  
F. De Riso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Social Skills Training ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Treatment Approaches

IntroductionIt has been hypothesized that cognitive remediation with adjunctive psychiatric rehabilitation would be associated with greater improvements in functional outcome than standalone treatment approaches (1).Moving from these observations our group designed an individualized rehabilitation program including a computerized cognitive training (CCT) and social skills training (SST), which showed promising results (2).A critical evaluation of recent studies examining standalone and combined treatment approaches included the understanding of the differential impact of the two approaches among crucial areas for future research (3).ObjectivesThe present study compared the effects of CCT and SST on several indices of outcome in psychotic patients. Fifty-eight patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: CCT or SST. Changes in cognitive, psychopathological and psychosocial indices after 6 and 12 months were compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter both 6 and 12 months, an improvement of psychosocial indices was observed in both groups, while cognitive functions improved only after CCT; the improvement of psychopathological indices, observed in both groups, was greater in the CCT group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CCT is associated with a greater impact than SST on different indices of outcome in psychotic patients. Future research should focus on possible synergistic effects of cognitive remediation and social skills training on functional outcome.

Neuroimaging predictors of response to cognitive remediation and social skills training: A pilot study in veterans with schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 110988
Author(s):  
Margaret M. McClure ◽  
Fiona S. Graff ◽  
Joseph Triebwasser ◽  
M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez ◽  
Daniel R. Rosell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Social Skills Training ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Predictors Of Response

Cognitive remediation and brain connectivity: A resting-state fMRI study in patients with schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 111140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Bàrbara Segura ◽  
Anna Inguanzo ◽  
Clemente García-Rizo ◽  
Rosa Catalán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Longitudinal Resting-State fMRI Study: A Seed-Based Connectivity Analysis in Patients with Ischemic Stroke and Intracerebral Hemorrhage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth B. Boren ◽  
Sean I. Savitz ◽  
Timothy M. Elimore ◽  
Christin Silos ◽  
Sarah George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Hemodynamic Response Function ◽  
Sensorimotor Network ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Brain Extraction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The primary aim of the research was to compare the impact of post-ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke on brain connectivity and recovery using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). We serially imaged 20 stroke patients, ten with ischemic (IS) and 10 with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), at 1, 3, and 12 months after ictus. Data from ten healthy volunteers were obtained from a publically available imaging dataset. All functional and structural images underwent standard processing for brain extraction, realignment, serial registration, unwrapping, and de-noising using SPM12. A seed-based group analysis using CONN software was used to evaluate the Default Mode (DMN) and the Sensorimotor Network (SMN) connections by applying bivariate correlation and hemodynamic response function (hrf) weighting. In comparison to healthy controls (HC), both IS and ICH exhibited disrupted interactions (decreased connectivity) between these two networks at 1M. Interactions then increased by 12M in each group. Temporally, each group exhibited a minimal increase in connectivity at 3M as compared to 12M. Overall, the ICH patients exhibited a greater magnitude of connectivity disruption compared to IS patients, despite a significant intra-subject reduction in hematoma volume. We did not observe any significant correlation between change in connectivity and recovery as measured on the National Institute Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at any time point. These finding demonstrate that largest changes in functional connectivity occur earlier (3M) rather than later (12M) and show subtle differences between IS and ICH during recovery and should be explored further in larger samples.

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