Effect of Crown Scorch on Mortality and Diameter Growth of 19-Year-Old Loblolly Pine

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Lilieholm ◽  
Shih-Chang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Crown Scorch ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
One Year

Abstract Various levels of crown scorch on 19-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were examined. Scorching and mortality were greatest for small-diameter, suppressed trees. Diameter growth one year after scorching was not diminished for lightly scorched trees but decreased with increasing crown scorch. During the second and third growing seasons after scorching, only trees receiving complete crown scorch exhibited significantly less diameter growth. South. J. Appl. For. 11(4):209-211.

scholarly journals Four Site-Preparation Techniques for Regenerating Pine-Hardwood Mixtures in the Piedmont

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Waldrop
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Southern Appalachian ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Abstract Four variations of the fell-and-burn technique, a system developed to produce mixed pine-hardwood stands in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, were compared in the Piedmont region. All variations of this technique successfully improved the commercial value of low-quality hardwood stands by introducing a pine component. After six growing seasons, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) occupied the dominant crown position and oaks the codominant position in fell-and-burn treated stands on poor to medium quality sites. The precise timing of felling residual stems, as prescribed by the fell-and-burn technique, may be flexible because winter and spring felling produced similar results. Although summer site preparation burns reduced hardwood height growth by reducing the length of the first growing season, they did not improve pine survival or growth. Pines were as tall as hardwoods within four growing seasons in burned plots and within six growing seasons in unburned plots. Additional research is needed to determine the level or intensity of site preparation needed to establish pine-hardwood mixtures over a range of site conditions. South. J. Appl. For. 21(3):116-122.

Third-Year Growth Response of Loblolly Pine to Eight Levels of Competition Control

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine G. Bacon ◽  
Shepard M. Zedaker
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Competition Control ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
One Year

Abstract The growth response of young loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to different amounts of competition control was studied in plantations of three ages in the Virginia Piedmont. Eight competition control treatments involved the removal of all, two-thirds, one-third, or none of the hardwoodstems either with or without herbaceous weed control. Results after three growing seasons showed a significant increase in pine diameter and volume growth with competition control. Treatments combining woody and herbaceous control resulted in better pine growth than the same treatments withoutherbaceous control, in the two youngest stands. The best response, obtained with the two-thirds woody plus herbaceous control treatment, resulted in: a 100% increase in volume growth over the check plots in seedlings treated at the beginning of their second growing season in the field; a 93% increase in one-year-old seedlings; and a 53% increase in the growth of seedlings treated before the third growing season. South. J. Appl. For. 11(2):91-95.

Eight-Year Performance of Loblolly Pine with Pisolithus Ectomycorrhizae on a Good-Quality Forest Site

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Marx ◽  
Charles E. Cordell ◽  
Alexander Clark
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Crown Closure

Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) seedlings with different initial amounts of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) ectomycorrhizae (Pt index 0, 27, 46, 68, or 88) were planted on a good-quality site (site index 90 ft at age 50) in southwest Georgia. After 8 years and crown closure, trees with Pt indices of 88 and 68 had significantly better survival and greater heights, diameters, volumes, and green weights per tree and per ac than nursery-run, control seedlings (Pt index 0). Volume and weight yields per ac were over 50% greater and volume and weight yields per tree were over 20% greater for trees in the Pt index 88 treatment than they were for control trees. A special statistical analysis indicated that average per ac volume was positively correlated with initial Pt index values larger than 58. Tree-ring analyses showed that trees with a Pt index of 88 had significantly greater annual basal area growth than controls during growing seasons with water deficits of 8 to 13 in. Annual growth did not differ when water deficits were greater or less than these amounts. After 8 years, Pt basidiocarps were present throughout the study site. Mycorrhizal treatment integrity may have been lost after 3 or 4 years. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):275-280

Growth of Loblolly Pine in the Arkansas Ozarks

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Wheeler ◽  
F. M. Meade ◽  
M. W. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Arkansas Ozarks

Abstract A thinning and fertilizing study was established in an 11-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation. Half of the plots were row thinned, removing 50 percent of the trees; plots were split and half were fertilized at a per acre rate of 100 pounds nitrogen, 50 pounds phosphorous and 50 pounds potassium. There was no response of height, d.b.h. or volume growth to fertilizer. Thinning increased diameter growth but decreased volume growth. The trees have shown exceptional growth. At age 17 the height was 49 feet, d.b.h. 7.3 inches and stocking 2,490 cubic feet on the thinned plots. The respective values for the unthinned plots were 48 feet, 6.7 inches, and 3,960 cubic feet.

Effect of Crown Scorch on Survival And Growth of Young Loblolly Pine

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Waldrop ◽  
David H. Van Lear
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Crown Scorch ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Bark Char

Abstract Unthinned, pole-size loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations in the South Carolina Piedmont were burned at different seasons under minimal wind conditions to evaluate the effects of fire intensity on crown scorch. Needle drop, an indicator of crown scorch, was significantly greater on areas burned with medium- to high-intensity fires than on unburned plots. There was a direct relation between bark char height, beyond a threshold value of 3 feet, and crown scorch. Scorched needles fell within three weeks following fire. Moderate crown scorch had no detrimental effects on survival and growth of trees in the upper crown classes. Complete crown scorch resulted in the death of 20 and 30 percent of trees in the codominant and intermediate crown classes, respectively.

Performance of Unthinned Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations on Three Sites in South Carolina

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
D. H. Van Lear ◽  
N. B. Goebel ◽  
J. G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Region Growth

Abstract The performance of adjacent unthinned plantations of loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (P. elliottii Engelm.) on three sites in South Carolina was evaluated after 16 growing seasons. Sites ranged from a noneroded Piedmont soil to an excessively drained sandy soil of the Sandhills physiographic region. Growth and survival varied widely among sites, with greatest productivity occurring in the Piedmont and the lowest in the Congaree Sandhills. Despite the droughty nature of the latter site, survival after 16 growing seasons was over 80 percent for both species. On a volume basis, loblolly pine outperformed slash pine at the upper Pidemont and Aiken Plateau sites, while slash pine was superior on the dry Sandhills site. Incidence of fusiform rust was much higher for both species at the Aiken Plateau than at the other sites.

Tenth-Year Results of Herbaceous Weed Control in a Loblolly Pine Plantation

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Haywood
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Herbaceous Vegetation ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Herbaceous Weed Control ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Herbaceous weed control influenced the growth of planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) over a 10-yr-period. Five treatments were examined: (1) Untreated control: seedlings were planted in the established herbaceous vegetation; (2) Glyphosate: glyphosate was broadcast in September 1981 before planting; (3) Disked: plots were cross-disked in September 1981 before planting; (4) Glyphosate-PPWC: glyphosate was broadcast before planting as in Treatment 2, and postplant weed control (PPWC) herbicides were broadcast yearly for 4 yr (1982, atrazine plus simazine ; 1983, atrazine plus oxyfluorfen; 1984 and 1985, hexazinone ); and (5) Disked-PPWC: plots were disked before planting as in Treatment 3, and the PPWC herbicides were broadcast as in Treatment 4. Four years of PPWC did not affect survival and resulted in greater height, dbh, and volume per loblolly pine through 10 growing seasons. The disked-PPWC plots were the most productive through 8 growing seasons, but higher than average mortality after 8 yr on the disked-PPWC treatment resulted in the glyphosate-PPWC plots producing more volume per acre after 10 growing seasons. Total volume production was 253 inside bark ft³/ac greater on the two PPWC treatments than on the untreated controls. South. J. Appl. For. 18(3): 105-109.

scholarly journals Effects of Alternative Thinning Regimes and Prescribed Burning in Natural, Even-Aged Loblolly–Shortleaf Pine Stands: 25 Year Results

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Cain ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Precommercial Thinning ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Crown Scorch ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract In southeastern Arkansas, pine growth was monitored for 19 yr after mechanically strip thinning a dense, naturally regenerated, even-aged stand of 6-yr-old loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf pines (P. echinata Mill.) that averaged 16,600 stems/ac. Prescribed winter burns were conducted biennially between ages 9 and 20 yr and at 24 yr. Commercial thinnings during the 17th and 23rd growing seasons left a residual stocking of either 85 ft2/ac or 200 crop trees/ac (75 ft2/ac) in merchantable-sized (> 3.5 in. dbh) pines on plots that were precommercially thinned and on plots that were not. Precommercial thinning enhanced pine growth in dbh and sawlog volume through 25 yr. Because of increased sawlog production, present net value averaged highest on plots that were precommercially thinned at age 6 then commercially thinned during the 17th yr to 200 crop trees/ac and during the 23rd yr to 75 ft2/ac. In the year following prescribed winter burns, both dbh growth and volume growth were reduced by about one-half when crown scorch was 75%. South. J. Appl. For. 27(1):18–29.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of Understocked Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands—II. Development of Intermediate and Suppressed Trees Following Release in Natural Stands

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Baker ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Crown Dimensions

Abstract Development of 86 intermediate and suppressed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees, that had been recently released from overtopping pines and hardwoods, was monitored over a 15 yr period. The trees were growing in natural stands on good sites (site index = 90 ft at 50 yr) that had been recently cut to stocking levels ranging from 10 to 50%. At time of release, the trees averaged 26 yr in age, 4.8 in. in dbh, and 37 ft in height. The trees had averaged only 0.5 in. in dbh growth the 5 yr prior to release (0.1 in./yr). After 15 yr, the 77 surviving trees averaged 59 ft in height and 12.9 in. in dbh, increasing 21 ft in height and 8.1 in. in dbh. During the 15 yr period, crown dimensions of the trees increased markedly as well. On average, crown lengths increased 11 ft (from 16 to 27 ft); crown widths nearly tripled from 9 to 25 ft; and crown volumes increased 11 fold from 608 to 6,700 ft³. The majority of the trees had good form and would produce high-quality sawtimber. Satisfactory response to release was best predicted by initial dbh and live-crown ratio. Results of the study suggest that trees with at least a 20% live-crown ratio should satisfactorily respond to release even though they had developed in lower crown positions of fully stocked uneven-aged stands for 10 to 50 yr. Responding trees rapidly expanded their crowns and accelerated in height and diameter growth. South. J. Appl. For. 22(1):41-46.

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