Tolerance of Loblolly Pines to Fusiform Rust

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Walkinshaw ◽  
James P. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Infected Tree ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Natchez Trace Parkway

Abstract Loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) that were 8 to 17 yr old tolerated one to three fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shiraif sp. fusiforme) galls in their stems. Families with four or more galls in their stems lost 25% or more of the trees by age 17. In living trees with less than four stem galls, diameter growth was comparable to that of trees with no galls. Tolerance was indicated by the ability of loblolly pines to maintain the rust fungus in stems that had dbh's similarto asymptomatic trees on the same site. In plantations, the number of galls in the stem was generally one to two per infected tree. This was also true for mature trees (12 to 38 in. dbh) along the Natchez Trace Parkway. These trees have been infected with fusiform rust for nearly 100 yr. On the other hand, the presence of four or more stem galls seems to be a reliable indicator of mortality rather than tolerance. South. J. Applied For. 19 (2): 60-64.

Performance of Unthinned Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations on Three Sites in South Carolina

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
D. H. Van Lear ◽  
N. B. Goebel ◽  
J. G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Region Growth

Abstract The performance of adjacent unthinned plantations of loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (P. elliottii Engelm.) on three sites in South Carolina was evaluated after 16 growing seasons. Sites ranged from a noneroded Piedmont soil to an excessively drained sandy soil of the Sandhills physiographic region. Growth and survival varied widely among sites, with greatest productivity occurring in the Piedmont and the lowest in the Congaree Sandhills. Despite the droughty nature of the latter site, survival after 16 growing seasons was over 80 percent for both species. On a volume basis, loblolly pine outperformed slash pine at the upper Pidemont and Aiken Plateau sites, while slash pine was superior on the dry Sandhills site. Incidence of fusiform rust was much higher for both species at the Aiken Plateau than at the other sites.

scholarly journals Fusiform Rust Trends in East Texas

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis V. Hunt ◽  
J. David Lenhart
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Four surveys of pine plantations in East Texas between 1969 and 1984 indicate that fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) infection rates are increasing on slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and either decreasing or about constant on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Currently, stem infections occur on about 1 in 2 slash pines and 1 in 14 loblolly pines. South. J. Appl. For. 10:215-216, Nov. 1986.

Fusiform Rust in Crosses Among Resistant and Susceptible Loblolly and Slash Pines

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl R. Sluder
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Half Diallel

Abstract Progenies from a half-diallel cross among six loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) and another among six slash pines (P. elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) were field-tested in central Georgia for fusiform-rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) resistance. Threeof each set of six parents were rated resistant (R) and three susceptible (S) to the fungus relative to check lots in previous progeny tests. For both species, relative susceptibility of the three types of progenies at age 5 years was R x R < R x S < S x S. The R x R and R x S progeniesin slash pine had considerably less infection than did the same types of progenies in loblolly pines. All S x S progenies were heavily infected. Heritability estimates for percentage infection and average galls per tree indicated that in these progenies, family selection should be based onpercentage infection for slash pine and galls per tree for loblolly pine. South. J. Appl. For. 13(4):174-177.

The Influence of Woody and Herbaceous Competition on Early Growth of Naturally Regenerated Loblolly and Shortleaf Pines

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Cain
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Herbaceous Vegetation ◽  
Competition Control ◽  
Total Control ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Four levels of competition control were used to study the response of naturally regenerated loblolly and shortleaf pines (Pinus taeda L. and P. echinata Mill.) in southern Arkansas. Treatments included: (1) Check (no competition control), (2) woody competition control, (3) herbaceous competition control, and (4) total control of nonpine vegetation. Herbaceous plants were controlled for 4 consecutive years, and woody plants were controlled for 5 years. Control of herbaceous vegetation resulted in significant increases in pine height, groundline diameter (GLD), and volume per tree. Control of only woody competition did not improve pine growth compared to untreated checks. After 5 years, pines on total control plots had significantly larger GLDs and significantly more volume per tree compared to pines on any other treatment. Pine growth gains were achieved with herbaceous competition control and total control of nonpine vegetation although these two treatments averaged 4,000 more pines/ac, in trees taller than 5 ft, than the other two treatments. Results of this investigation represent a unique standard of pine growth to which operational treatments might be compared. South. J. Appl. For. 15(4):179-185.

scholarly journals Fusiform Rust Trends in East Texas: 1969-1987

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Lenhart ◽  
W. Thomas McGrath ◽  
Terry L. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Cronartium Quercuum ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Five surveys of pine plantations in East Texas over an 18-year period (1969-1987) indicated that fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme Birdsall and Snow) infection rates have increased to current levels of about 50% on slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and are continuing to increase on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to 10-15% levels. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):259-261.

Response of Newly Planted Loblolly Pines to Herbicide and Nitrogen

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. McKee ◽  
Larry P. Wilhite
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Abstract In three separate studies on the Lower Atlantic Coastal Plain, sites were sheared, root-raked, and bedded, and phosphorus was applied. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were planted, and nitrogen fertilizer and preemergence herbicide were applied at several different times. In all three studies, loblolly pine responded positively in height, diameter, and aboveground biomass to herbicide applied in the spring following planting. Responses to nitrogen application were inconsistent. A pronounced increase in growth was found in only one study. There, a nitrogen and a herbicide treatment interacted to give a three-fold increase in aboveground seedling biomass after one growing season. The lack of response to nitrogen in the other two studies may be attributable to low rainfall in the spring after planting and mineralization of native nitrogen from soil organic matter. South. J. Appl. For. 12(1):33-36.

Growth of Loblolly Pine in the Arkansas Ozarks

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Wheeler ◽  
F. M. Meade ◽  
M. W. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Arkansas Ozarks

Abstract A thinning and fertilizing study was established in an 11-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation. Half of the plots were row thinned, removing 50 percent of the trees; plots were split and half were fertilized at a per acre rate of 100 pounds nitrogen, 50 pounds phosphorous and 50 pounds potassium. There was no response of height, d.b.h. or volume growth to fertilizer. Thinning increased diameter growth but decreased volume growth. The trees have shown exceptional growth. At age 17 the height was 49 feet, d.b.h. 7.3 inches and stocking 2,490 cubic feet on the thinned plots. The respective values for the unthinned plots were 48 feet, 6.7 inches, and 3,960 cubic feet.

scholarly journals Resistance of Pinus taeda families under artificial inoculations with diverse fusiform rust pathogen populations and comparison with field trials

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2687-2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikret Isik ◽  
Henry V. Amerson ◽  
Ross W. Whetten ◽  
Saul A. Garcia ◽  
Bailian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Artificial Inoculations ◽  
Single Field ◽  
Resistant Family ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
Pathogen Populations

Controlled inoculations with 10 bulk inocula of Cronartium quercuum (Berk) Miyabe ex Shirai f.sp. fusiforme were carried out on open-pollinated progeny of 25 fast-growing Pinus taeda L. parents. The parents had a range of breeding values for resistance to fusiform rust in progeny field trials. There were highly significant differences among the half-sib families in response to inoculations, and these differences were very reproducible; the half-sib family-mean heritability of resistance to controlled inoculation was 0.97. All of the families that were susceptible in the field were susceptible in controlled inoculations, and most (12 of 17) of the field-resistant families were resistant in response to controlled inoculations. Significant pathogenic variability was observed among the different bulk inocula, although this accounted for only 1.9% of the total variation. Genetic differences among families within field-resistant or field-susceptible groups accounted for 13.7% of the total variation. The family by inocula interaction was highly significant, but a single field-resistant family contributed 44% of the total family by inocula interaction variance, and two other field-resistant families also showed significant interactions.

Fractal analysis of foliage distribution in loblolly pine crowns

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Zeide
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Single Crown ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Fractal Characteristics ◽  
Foliage Density ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

A new method for estimating fractal characteristics (fractal dimension and foliage density) of a single crown or its portions is developed. The proposed method operates with volume and mass of natural units of the crown, such as shoots and branches, rather than with numbers of regular cubes. Fractal dimension alone is not sufficient to describe foliage distribution in the crown because it says nothing about the density of foliage at a given point. The density is defined as the ratio of foliage mass to fractal volume it occupies. Fortunately, the intercept of the regression, which contains fractal dimension as the slope, provides a measure of foliage density. Thus the method makes it possible to separate purely spatial factors represented by fractal dimension from ecophysiological effects characterized by foliage density. Application of the method showed that neither fractal dimension nor foliage density of the studied loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) correlates with current diameter increment. At the same time, there is a pronounced negative correlation between fractal dimension and crown size. These results suggest that as crowns become larger, the amount of foliage located at the crown periphery increases in proportion to the foliage amount inside the crown. As a spin-off of this analysis, a method for estimating relative foliage density (defined as the ratio of actual to maximal foliage mass for a given branch) is developed.

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