scholarly journals Stem Sinuosity, Tree Size, and Pest Injury of Machine-Planted Loblolly Pine with Bent versus Straight Taproots

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Harrington ◽  
Jason A. Gatch ◽  
Terry S. Price
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Point Index ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sinuosity Index ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Twenty-four machine-planted stands of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) of ages 3 to 10 yr were sampled near Athens, GA, to compare stem sinuosity, tree size, and pest injury of trees with bent versus straight taproots. Based on a 0- to 8-point index, the average level of stem sinuosity was medium (X = 2.6; n = 1,327 trees). Trees of high or low stem sinuosity index were identified near each of ten points per site, and one was selected to best represent each level (n = 240 pairs). Seventy-two pairs were excavated, and of these, 62 and 82 trees had bent and straight taproots, respectively. Levels of stem sinuosity were medium or high for 77% of trees with bent taproots, while they were low for 71% of trees with straight taproots (chi-square P = 0.001). Trees with bent taproots were 7% to 9% smaller in stem diameter and height, while their stem sinuosity index was over twice that of trees with straight taproots (P = 0.01). Taproot azimuth did not differ significantly (P > 0.20) from planting row azimuth, indicating that bent taproots from machine planting remained confined to the planting slit. Although biological mechanisms were not identified, results indicate a potentially problematic association between bent taproots and reduced stem quality of loblolly pine. South. J. Appl. For. 23(4):197-202.

Nursery Rooting of Cuttings from Seedlings of Slash and Loblolly Pine

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. John Frampton ◽  
James F. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Bud Set ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Outdoor Nursery

Abstract Methods used to root slash (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Englem.) and loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) pine cuttings from 1-0 seedlings in outdoor nursery beds are described. The species, the date of setting (February or March) and the type of shoot collected (succulent, top-pruned or bud-set)influenced rooting success. A February rather than March setting date is recommended. The succulent shoot type rooted best for slash pine while nonsucculent shoot types rooted best for loblolly pine. When considering all types of shoots set in February, slash and loblolly pine cuttings rootedat 77 and 69%, respectively. After lifting, approximately 70% of the cuttings that rooted (or 52% of all cuttings set in February) were judged acceptable for planting. Current costs of producing rooted cuttings exceed that of barefoot seedlings. However, as technology is developed to rootcuttings on a larger scale in the nursery, the superior genetic quality of plantations derived from rooted cuttings may offset their extra cost, relative to seedlings, enough to economically justify their operational use. If so, these procedures will offer forest managers an additional andmore effective option than seedling propagation for exploiting genetic variation in order to enhance forest productivity. South. Appl. For. 13(3):127-132.

Performance of Container and Bareroot Loblolly Pine Seedlings on Bottomlands in South Carolina

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Barnett ◽  
J. M. McGilvray
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Stock Types ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The performance of container and bareroot loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings from the same improved seedlot was compared on highly productive bottomland sites in South Carolina. At the time of planting, size and quality of the open-grown container stock were equal to or betterthan bareroot material. When outplanting conditions were ideal, field plantings in March, April, and May of 2 successive years indicated equal performance of the 2 stock types. When conditions were more stressful, container stock survived and grew better than bareroot seedlings. Needle-tipburn caused by postplanting applications of herbicides had no long-term effects on seedling growth. South. J. Appl. For. 17(2):80-83.

The effect of spacing rectangularity on stem quality in loblolly pine plantations

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 498-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L Amateis ◽  
Philip J Radtke ◽  
Gerald D Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Branch Size ◽  
Tree Stem

The effect of spacing rectangularity on tree stem quality was evaluated using data collected from a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) spacing trial measured at age 19. In this trial, bole condition, branch size, and stem asymmetry were examined on plots with an initial planting density of 2240 trees/ha planted at slight (3:4) and greater (1:3) rectangular spacings to determine suitability for sawtimber production. Results indicated that rectangularity had no significant effect on survival or the number of potential sawtimber trees by age 19. While the 1:3 spacing treatment had a significantly larger maximum branch size than the 3:4 spacing treatment, it could not be attributed to the within-row or between-row direction. Additional measurements on stem diameter at breast height within and between rows failed to show stem asymmetry in the 1:3 spacing treatment. Consequently, rectangular spacings up to 1:3 should not have much impact on overall stem quality.

scholarly journals A Consensus Map for Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.). I. Construction and Integration of Individual Linkage Maps From Two Outbred Three-Generation Pedigrees

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell M Sewell ◽  
Bradley K Sherman ◽  
David B Neale
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mapping Function ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Data ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Consensus Map ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract A consensus map for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was constructed from the integration of linkage data from two unrelated three-generation outbred pedigrees. The progeny segregation data from restriction fragment length polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA, and isozyme genetic markers from each pedigree were recoded to reflect the two independent populations of parental meioses, and genetic maps were constructed to represent each parent. The rate of meiotic recombination was significantly greater for males than females, as was the average estimate of genome length for males {1983.7 cM [Kosambi mapping function (K)]} and females [1339.5 cM(K)]. The integration of individual maps allows for the synthesis of genetic information from independent sources onto a single consensus map and facilitates the consolidation of linkage groups to represent the chromosomes (n = 12) of loblolly pine. The resulting consensus map consists of 357 unique molecular markers and covers ∼1300 cM(K).

Long-term effects of stand density management and genotype on wood properties of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in the mid-South USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 491 ◽  
pp. 119176
Author(s):  
Michael A. Blazier ◽  
Thomas Hennessey ◽  
Laurence Schimleck ◽  
Scott Abbey ◽  
Ryan Holbrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stand Density Management ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

scholarly journals Four Site-Preparation Techniques for Regenerating Pine-Hardwood Mixtures in the Piedmont

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Waldrop
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Southern Appalachian ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Abstract Four variations of the fell-and-burn technique, a system developed to produce mixed pine-hardwood stands in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, were compared in the Piedmont region. All variations of this technique successfully improved the commercial value of low-quality hardwood stands by introducing a pine component. After six growing seasons, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) occupied the dominant crown position and oaks the codominant position in fell-and-burn treated stands on poor to medium quality sites. The precise timing of felling residual stems, as prescribed by the fell-and-burn technique, may be flexible because winter and spring felling produced similar results. Although summer site preparation burns reduced hardwood height growth by reducing the length of the first growing season, they did not improve pine survival or growth. Pines were as tall as hardwoods within four growing seasons in burned plots and within six growing seasons in unburned plots. Additional research is needed to determine the level or intensity of site preparation needed to establish pine-hardwood mixtures over a range of site conditions. South. J. Appl. For. 21(3):116-122.

scholarly journals Genotypic Stability Effects on Predicted Family Responses to Silvicultural Treatments in Loblolly Pine

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. McKeand ◽  
Robert P. Crook ◽  
H. Lee Allen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Intensive Culture ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Genotypic Stability ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract The lack of rank change in growth characteristics when open-pollinated families of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) are planted on different sites in the Southeast has greatly simplified breeding for superior genotypes. Although family rank does not usually change, genotype by environment interactions (GxE) may be very important in operational deployment of families in regeneration programs. Using data from GxE trials and two site preparation-fertilization-herbicide trials, we estimated the growth that different families should achieve following application of these silvicultural practices. Better performing families tend to be most responsive to site changes (i.e. genetically unstable). Growth responses to silvicultural treatment will be overestimated if only the most responsive families are used in silvicultural research trials. Similarly, genetic gains will be overestimated if gain trials are planted on only the best sites or receive intensive culture. South. J. Appl. For. 21(2):84-89.

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