P086 The organization of sleep-wake patterns around daily schedules in college students

Abstract A potential contributor to insufficient sleep among college students is their daily schedule, with sleep sacrificed for other waking activities. We investigated how daily schedules predict day-to-day sleep-wake timing in college students. 223 undergraduate college students (M±SD = 19.2±1.4 years, 37% females) attending a Massachusetts university in the US between 2013–2016 were monitored for approximately 30 days during semester. Sleep-wake timing was measured using daily online sleep diaries and wrist-actigraphy. Daily schedules were measured using daily online diaries that included self-reported timing and duration of academic, exercise-based, and extracurricular activities, and duration of self-study. Linear mixed models were used to examine the association between sleep-wake patterns and daily schedules at both the between-person and within-person levels. An earlier start time of the first-reported activity predicted earlier sleep onset (between and within: p<.001) and shorter total sleep time (within: p<.001) for the previous night, as well as earlier wake onset on the corresponding day (between and within: p<.001). A later end time of the last-reported activity predicted later sleep onset (within: p=.002) and shorter total sleep time (within: p=.02) on that night. A more intense daily schedule (i.e., greater total duration of reported activities) predicted an earlier wake onset time (between: p=.003, within: p<.001), a later sleep onset time (within: p<.001), a shortened total night-time sleep duration (between: p=.03, within: p<.001), and greater sleep efficiency (within: p<.001). These results indicate that college students may organize their sleep and wake times based on their daily schedule.

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Finding a Composite Measure for Data From Wrist Actigraphy in Bipolar Disorder

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.1306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

Ellen Lee ◽

David Wing ◽

Sonia Ancoli-Israel ◽

Colin Depp ◽

Ho-Kyoung Yoon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Total Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Composite Measure ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

Wrist Actigraphy ◽

Z Scores ◽

Participant Characteristics ◽

Composite Scores

Abstract Actigraphy can objectively measure sleep in studies on Bipolar Disorder (BD) where subjective sleep ratings might be influenced by affect. Actigraphy data are complex necessitating data reduction approaches. We created a composite score of actigraphy sleep metrics (total sleep time [TST], wake after sleep onset [WASO], and percent sleep [PS]) in BD. We computed z-scores of sleep measures for n=51 BD vs. n=80 healthy subjects and averaged scores. We examined associations with participant characteristics and used LASSO to identify metrics best explaining composite variability. Higher composite scores (better sleep) were seen in employed vs. unemployed (t=2.40, df=34, p=0.02), and correlated with higher medication load (r=0.41, p=0.004), lower mania symptomatology (r=-0.33, p=0.04) and lower interleukin (IL)-6 levels (r=-0.32, p=0.02). TST best explained variability in medication load and PS best explained employment, mania symptoms and IL-6. Given observed specificity of associations, selecting theory-driven sleep metrics may be more appropriate than a composite.

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0758 Quantification of Late REM Periods in Patients With Prolonged Sleep Duration

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.754 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A288-A288

Author(s):

M S Blattner ◽

J August ◽

S Chopra ◽

L Dalal ◽

S Luthra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Rem Sleep ◽

Sleep Latency ◽

Total Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Onset Time ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Studies ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Idiopathic Hypersomnia

Abstract Introduction Evaluation of hypersomnia includes polysomnography followed by mean sleep latency testing (MSLT). As consistent with guidelines as applied in most centers, the overnight portion of the study will be terminated to begin sleep latency testing. For patients with prolonged sleep duration, this interruption could result in REM sleep on nap testing that reflects continuation of their biological night, rather than abnormalities in REM sleep pressure/regulation. Methods We reviewed 42 consecutive extended (unrestricted) sleep studies for patients with a total sleep time greater than 600 minutes. For studies with sleep onset before midnight, we evaluated for REM period onset after 6AM, the number of REM periods after 6AM and 8AM, and the time of the final REM period onset. Results 42 hypnograms were reviewed for patients undergoing evaluation of hypersomnia, median age 32 years (range 19-92) with a median total sleep time of 663 minutes (range 602-832), of these 28/42 (67%) had sleep onset before midnight (12 AM) and were included in the analysis. 27/28 (96%) of hypnograms reviewed had REM sleep after 6 AM, 24/28 (86%) had REM sleep after 8 AM, with the onset of the final REM period ranging from 4:46 AM-12:30 PM for patients with sleep onset time before midnight (12 AM). Conclusion These data suggest that termination of overnight polysomnography to complete mean sleep latency testing, as is standard in most sleep labs, may influence the presence of REM sleep on MSLT for patients with prolonged total sleep duration. These results may have implications for the interpretation of MSLT for patients with long sleep duration, and may explain why a given individual may test as type II narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia unpredictably on repeat testing. Support Sleep Medicine Fellowship at BIDMC

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The Effects of Caffeine on Sleep Patterns Among Adolescents

Vanderbilt Undergraduate Research Journal ◽

10.15695/vurj.v5i0.2847 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Lauren E Margolis

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Total Sleep Time ◽

Adult Population ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Onset Time ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Caffeine Intake ◽

Sleep Patterns ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

Caffeine Consumption

This review of literature examines whether there is a causal relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep patterns among adolescents. Literature suggests that there is a cause and effect relationship between caffeine intake and cognitive performance in adults. Researchers also found that among the adult population, consuming caffeine before sleep resulted in increased sleep onset time, reduced total sleep time, and poorer sleep quality. Specifically, adolescents ingest the majority of their total caffeine intake through caffeinated sodas. Studies have shown that adolescents consume more caffeine later in the week, which correlates with shorter total sleep time and decreased sleep quality. Thus, in review of the literature, it was determined that caffeine negatively affects sleep habits among adults, but further research should be conducted in order to conclude whether this relationship holds true among adolescents.

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Gender differences in BaYaka forager sleep-wake patterns in forest and village contexts

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92816-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Erica Kilius ◽

David R. Samson ◽

Sheina Lew-Levy ◽

Mallika S. Sarma ◽

Ujas A. Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Total Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Small Scale ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Sleep Patterns ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Wake Patterns ◽

The Republic

AbstractSleep studies in small-scale subsistence societies have broadened our understanding of cross-cultural sleep patterns, revealing the flexibility of human sleep. We examined sleep biology among BaYaka foragers from the Republic of Congo who move between environmentally similar but socio-ecologically distinct locations to access seasonal resources. We analyzed the sleep–wake patterns of 51 individuals as they resided in a village location (n = 39) and a forest camp (n = 23) (362 nights total). Overall, BaYaka exhibited high sleep fragmentation (50.5) and short total sleep time (5.94 h), suggestive of segmented sleep patterns. Sleep duration did not differ between locations, although poorer sleep quality was exhibited in the village. Linear mixed effect models demonstrated that women’s sleep differed significantly from men’s in the forest, with longer total sleep time (β ± SE = − 0.22 ± 0.09, confidence interval (CI) = [− 0.4, − 0.03]), and higher sleep quality (efficiency; β ± SE = − 0.24 ± 0.09, CI = [− 0.42, − 0.05]). These findings may be due to gender-specific social and economic activities. Circadian rhythms were consistent between locations, with women exhibiting stronger circadian stability. We highlight the importance of considering intra-cultural variation in sleep–wake patterns when taking sleep research into the field.

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Delayed Lactogenesis II is Associated With Lower Sleep Efficiency and Greater Variation in Nightly Sleep Duration in the Third Trimester

Journal of Human Lactation ◽

10.1177/0890334419830991 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 713-724

Author(s):

Theresa Casey ◽

Hui Sun ◽

Helen J. Burgess ◽

Jennifer Crodian ◽

Shelley Dowden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Delayed Onset ◽

Wrist Actigraphy

Background: Metabolic and hormonal disturbances are associated with sleep disturbances and delayed onset of lactogenesis II. Research aims: The aim of this study was to measure sleep using wrist actigraphy during gestation weeks 22 and 32 to determine if sleep characteristics were associated with blood glucose, body mass index, gestational related disease, delayed onset of lactogenesis II, or work schedule. Methods: Demographic data were collected at study intake from primiparous women who wore a wrist actigraph during gestation weeks 22 ( n = 50) and 32 ( n = 44). Start and end sleep time, total nighttime sleep, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation were measured. Night to night variability was assessed with the root mean square of successive difference. Blood glucose levels, body mass index, and gestational disease data were abstracted from medical charts. Timing of lactogenesis II was determined by survey. Results: Between gestation week 22 and 32, sleep efficiency decreased and fragmentation increased ( p < .05). During gestation week 32, blood glucose was negatively correlated with sleep duration, and positively related to fragmentation ( p < .05). Women who experienced delayed lactogenesis II had lower sleep efficiency and greater fragmentation ( p < .05), and greater night-to-night variability in sleep start and end time, efficiency, and duration during gestation week 32 ( p < .05). Conclusion: Women with better sleep efficiency and more stable nightly sleep time are less likely to experience delayed onset of lactogenesis II. Interventions to improve sleep may improve maternal health and breastfeeding adequacy.

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P062 Sleep parameter validation of a home-based ballistocardiograph sleep tracker

SLEEP Advances ◽

10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab014.108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A41-A42

Author(s):

M Kholghi ◽

I Szollosi ◽

M Hollamby ◽

D Bradford ◽

Q Zhang

Keyword(s):

Total Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Sleep Onset Latency ◽

Onset Latency ◽

Sleep Monitoring ◽

Significant Discrepancy ◽

Home Based ◽

Wake Detection

Abstract Introduction Consumer home sleep trackers are gaining popularity for objective sleep monitoring. Amongst them, non-wearable devices have little disruption in daily routine and need little maintenance. However, the validity of their sleep outcomes needs further investigation. In this study, the accuracy of the sleep outcomes of EMFIT Quantified Sleep (QS), an unobtrusive and non-wearable ballistocardiograph sleep tracker, was evaluated by comparing it with polysomnography (PSG). Methods 62 sleep lab patients underwent a single clinical PSG and their sleep measures were simultaneously collected through PSG and EMFIT QS. Total Sleep Time (TST), Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO), Sleep Onset Latency (SOL) and average Heart Rate (HR) were compared using paired t-tests and agreement analysed using Bland-Altman plots. Results EMFIT QS data loss occurred in 47% of participants. In the remaining 33 participants (15 females, with mean age of 53.7±16.5), EMFIT QS overestimated TST by 177.5±119.4 minutes (p<0.001) and underestimated WASO by 44.74±68.81 minutes (p<0.001). It accurately measured average resting HR and was able to distinguish SOL with some accuracy. However, the agreement between EMFIT QS and PSG on sleep-wake detection was very low (kappa=0.13, p<0.001). Discussion A consensus between PSG and EMFIT QS was found in SOL and average HR. There was a significant discrepancy and lack of consensus between the two devices in other sleep outcomes. These findings indicate that while EMFIT QS is not a credible alternative to PSG for sleep monitoring in clinical and research settings, consumers may find some benefit from longitudinal monitoring of SOL and HR.

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O020 What helped you and what prevented you from getting good sleep? Contribution of daily facilitators and barriers to adolescent sleep

SLEEP Advances ◽

10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab014.019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A9-A10

Author(s):

S Maskevich ◽

L Shen ◽

J Wiley ◽

S Drummond ◽

B Bei

Keyword(s):

Everyday Life ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Onset Latency ◽

Onset Latency ◽

Previous Night ◽

Quality Sleep ◽

Sleep Environment ◽

Facilitators And Barriers ◽

Good Sleep

Abstract Introduction This intense longitudinal study examined factors that facilitate and hinder sufficient and good quality sleep in adolescents’ everyday life. Methods 205 (54.2% female, 64.4% non-white) Year 10–12 adolescents (Mage = 16.9 ± 0.9) completed daily morning surveys and wore actigraphy over 2 school-weeks and 2 subsequent vacation-weeks. Morning surveys assessed self-reported sleep and the usage of 8 facilitators and 6 barriers of sleep from the previous night. Linear mixed-effects models examined contribution of facilitators/barriers to actigraphy and self-reported total sleep time (TST) and sleep onset latency (SOL), controlled for age, sex, race, place of birth, and study day. Schooldays/non-schooldays was included as a moderator. Results Seven facilitators and two barriers were endorsed by high proportions (>30%) of adolescents as frequently (≥50% days) helping/preventing them from achieving good sleep. Facilitators predicting longer TST and shorter SOL, were: “follow body cues”, “manage thoughts and emotions”, “create good sleep environment”, “avoid activities interfering with sleep” and “plan bedtime and go to bed as planned” (only TST on schooldays). Barriers predicting shorter TST and longer SOL, were: “pre-bedtime thoughts and emotions”, “unconducive sleep environment”, “activities interfering with sleep”, “inconsistent routines” and “other household members’ activities”. Overall, facilitators or barriers explained an additional 1–5% (p-values < .001) of variance beyond the covariates. Discussion Adolescents perceive a range of factors as facilitating and as preventing sufficient and good quality sleep in everyday life. These factors are predictive of their sleep duration and onset latency, and need further research to understand their functions and clinical implications.

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Study of correlation between perceived sleep disturbances in depressed patients with objective changes in sleep architecture using polysomnography before and after antidepressant therapy

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202894 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 2551

Author(s):

Ganesh Ingole ◽

Harpreet S. Dhillon ◽

Bhupendra Yadav

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Total Sleep Time ◽

Antidepressant Treatment ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Sleep Architecture ◽

Wake Time ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Before And After

Background: A prospective cohort study to correlate perceived sleep disturbances in depressed patients with objective changes in sleep architecture using polysomnography (PSG) before and after antidepressant therapy.Methods: Patients were recruited into the study after applying strict inclusion and exclusion criterion to rule out other comorbidities which could influence sleep. A diagnosis of Depressive episode was made based on ICD-10 DCR. Psychometry, in the form of Beck Depressive inventory (BDI) and HAMD (Hamilton depression rating scale) insomnia subscale was applied on Day 1 of admission. Patients were subjected to sleep study on Day 03 of admission with Polysomnography. Patients were started on antidepressant treatment post Polysomnography. An adequate trial of antidepressants for 08 weeks was administered and BDI score ≤09 was taken as remission. Polysomnography was repeated post remission. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal Wallis test and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results: The results showed positive (improvement) polysomnographic findings in terms of total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, percentage wake time and these findings were statistically significant. HAM-D Insomnia subscale was found to correlate with total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, total wake time and N2 Stage percentage.Conclusions: Antidepressant treatment effectively improves sleep architecture in Depressive disorder and HAM-D Insomnia subscale correlates with objective findings of total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, total wake time and duration of N2 stage of NREM.

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Do Parental Expectations Play a Role in Children's Sleep and Mothers' Distress? An Exploration of the Goodness of Fit Concept in 54 Mother-Child Dyads

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2011/104832 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Helene Werner ◽

Oskar G. Jenni

Keyword(s):

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Parental Expectations ◽

Onset Time ◽

Kindergarten Children ◽

Parental Distress ◽

Time In Bed ◽

Falling Asleep ◽

Wake Patterns ◽

Children’S Sleep

This study describes parental expectations for sleep-wake patterns in healthy kindergarten children and explores their relation to children’s sleep quality and parental distress. Data analysis of 54 mother-child dyads (age range of the children: 4–7 years) indicated that parental expectations for children’s sleep-wake patterns differ between scheduled and free days and depend on children’s chronotype. Mothers of children with late chronotype showed less adequate expectations for children’s sleep onset time than mothers of children with early chronotype (e.g., morning types). Furthermore, children of mothers with less adequate expectations for children’s sleep onset time on scheduled days had longer settling periods during which sleep rituals may take place (r=0.31,P≤0.05), spent more time in bed than they actually sleep (r=0.35,P≤0.01), and had more frequently difficulties falling asleep (r=0.33,P≤0.01). However, less adequate expectations for children’s sleep onset time were not associated with parental distress (P>0.05). We conclude that parental expectations about their children’s sleep play a key role in understanding normal and abnormal sleep during childhood.

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Relations Between Sleep and Temperament in Preschool Children With ADHD

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054718757645 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 535-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maria Grazia Melegari ◽

Stefania Sette ◽

Elena Vittori ◽

Luca Mallia ◽

Alessandra Devoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Child Temperament ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Temperament And Character Inventory ◽

Children With Adhd ◽

Wrist Actigraphy ◽

Adhd Children ◽

Character Inventory

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the links between temperament and sleep in a group of preschoolers with ADHD. Method: Twenty-five ADHD ( M = 5.37 years, SD = 1.09) and 22 typically developing (TD; M = 5.10, SD = 1.18) preschoolers participated in the study. Sleep was assessed with the Sleep Disturbance Scale and wrist actigraphy. The Preschool Temperament and Character Inventory (PsTCI) was used to evaluate the child temperament. Results: ADHD children showed a temperamental profile characterized by higher novelty seeking, lower persistence, self-directness, and cooperativeness and marginally lower harm avoidance (HA) compared with controls. HA was associated negatively to wakefulness after sleep onset and sleep fragmentation and positively with sleep efficiency and sleep time. Reward dependence was negatively associated with wake episode length. Conclusion: Sleep and temperament are correlated in preschoolers with ADHD and temperament might represent an intermediate endophenotype underlying the relation between ADHD and sleep disorders.

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