The Rise and Fall of the Tahrir Repertoire: Theorizing Temporality, Trajectory, and Failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atef Said
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Egyptian Revolution ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Ultimate Failure ◽  
Central Mode ◽  
Tahrir Square

Abstract This article examines how and why the strategy of occupying Tahrir Square went from being the central mode of action and defining image of the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 to an ineffective strategy read by many as symbolic of the revolution’s ultimate failure during the transitional period of 2011–2012. This question speaks to a lacuna in the literature on repertoires, specifically a lack of attention to their temporality and the lessons to be learned from their failure. I propose a framework that examines the trajectory of repertoires and traces their 1) meaning; 2) internal composition; 3) relationality vis-à-vis the regime in relation to which the repertoire is practiced; and 4) temporal momentum. Using this framework, I chart the rise and fall of the Tahrir repertoire in a very short period: from February 12, 2011, to December 5, 2012. The article draws on ethnographic, qualitative, and historical data collected over three research trips taken between February 4, 2011, and January 7, 2015.

Invisible Armies: Reflections on Egyptian Dreams of War

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Mittermaier
Keyword(s):  
Digital Archives ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
Egyptian Revolution ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Media Spectacle ◽  
The Media ◽  
Tahrir Square ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Internet Networks

In January 2011, people around the world turned their attention to Cairo's Tahrir Square. The news network al-Jazeera quickly became a window onto the square and surrounding streets, and news reporters became eyewitnesses to historical events. Aware of the media spectacle unfolding around them, Egyptian protesters over the following weeks held up signs in Arabic and English and, maybe unknowingly, staged highly photogenic scenes, for instance when Christians formed a human chain to guard Muslims during their prayers, and vice versa. During the first few days of the uprising, the regime shut down cell phone and Internet networks to prevent activists from communicating, but it could not stop their taking pictures and filming with cell phones and cameras. Every moment was carefully recorded, and today multiple initiatives are collecting films, photos, and audio recordings to preserve them in digital archives. In July 2011, activists set up an open-air cinema at Tahrir Square to screen and discuss footage of the protests. Subsequently video materials became crucial pieces of evidence in the courtroom where the former President Mubarak and ex-Interior Minister Adly were being tried. The Egyptian revolution was a highly visible and “mediatized” event. Its history can and has been told in images.

Analgesic-antiinflammatory drugs inhibit orbicularis oculi reflexes in humans via a central mode of action

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Ferracuti ◽  
Maria G. Leardi ◽  
Giorgio Cruccu ◽  
Andrea Fabbri ◽  
Turan M. Itil
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi ◽  
Central Mode

LOW‐DOSE LIDOCAINE REDUCES SECONDARY HYPERALGESIA BY A CENTRAL MODE OF ACTION

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-238
Author(s):  
W Koppert ◽  
N Ostermeier ◽  
R Sittl ◽  
C Weidner ◽  
M. Schmelz
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Secondary Hyperalgesia ◽  
Central Mode

A Bivariate Model for Deman and Spot Price of Electricity

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 3910-3917
Author(s):  
Hilary Green ◽  
Nino Kordzakhia ◽  
Ruben Thoplan
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Spot Price ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
Spot Prices ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
Modelling Methodology ◽  
The Mean

In this paper bivariate modelling methodology, solely applied to the spot price of electricity or demand for electricity in earlier studies, is extended to a bivariate process of spot price of electricity and demand for electricity. The suggested model accommodates common idiosyncrasies observed in deregulated electricity markets such as cyclical trends in price and demand for electricity, occurrence of extreme spikes in prices, and mean-reversion effect seen in settling of prices from extreme values to the mean level over a short period of time. The paper presents detailed statistical analysis of historical data of daily averages of electricity spot prices and corresponding demand for electricity. The data is obtained from the NSW section of Australian Energy Markets.

scholarly journals Holocene sea-ice dynamics in Petermann Fjord

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrieka Detlef ◽  
Brendan Reilly ◽  
Anne Jennings ◽  
Mads Mørk Jensen ◽  
Matt O'Regan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Nares Strait ◽  
Sea Ice Dynamics ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Landfast Ice

Abstract. The Petermann 2015 Expedition to Petermann Fjord and adjacent Hall Basin recovered a transect of cores from Nares Strait to under the 48 km long ice tongue of Petermann glacier, offering a unique opportunity to study ice-ocean-sea ice interactions at the interface of these realms. First results suggest that no ice tongue existed in Petermann Fjord for large parts of the Holocene, raising the question of the role of the ocean and the marine cryosphere in the collapse and re-establishment of the ice tongue. Here we use a multi-proxy approach (sea-ice related biomarkers, total organic carbon and its carbon isotopic composition, and benthic and planktonic foraminiferal abundances) to explore Holocene sea-ice dynamics at OD1507-03TC-41GC-03PC in outer Petermann Fjord. Our results are in line with a tight coupling of the marine and terrestrial cryosphere in this region and, in connection with other regional sea-ice reconstructions, give insights into the Holocene evolution of ice arches and associated landfast ice in Nares Strait. The late stages of the regional Holocene Thermal Maximum (5,500–6,900 cal yrs BP) were marked by reduced seasonal sea-ice concentrations in Nares Strait and the lack of ice arch formation. This was followed by a transitional period towards neoglacial cooling from 3,500–5,500 cal yrs BP, where a southern ice arch might have formed, but an early seasonal break-up and late formation likely caused a prolonged open water season and enhanced pelagic productivity in Nares Strait. Between 1,400 cal yrs BP and 3,500 cal yrs BP, regional records suggest the formation of a stable northern ice arch only, with a short period from 2,100–2,500 cal yrs BP where a southern ice arch might have persisted in response to atmospheric cooling spikes. A stable southern ice arch, or even double arching, is also inferred for the period after 1,400 cal yrs BP. Thus, both the inception of a small Petermann ice tongue at ~2,200 cal yrs BP and its rapid expansion at ~600 cal yrs BP are preceded by a transition towards a southern ice arch regime with landfast ice formation in Nares Strait, suggesting a stabilizing effect of landfast sea ice on Petermann Glacier.

scholarly journals A Revolution in Muslim Family Law? Egypt’s Pre- and Post-Revolutionary Period (2011-2013) Compared

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Sonneveld ◽  
Monika Lindbekk
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
New Right ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Egyptian Revolution ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
The Family ◽  
Male Authority ◽  
Revolutionary Period

In the weeks following the Egyptian revolution of 2011, a group of divorced fathersrose to demand a “revolution in family law.” Portraying extant family law provisions assymbolic of the old regime and as deviating from the principles of shariʿa, their call was givenprominent media attention and, in the ensuing transitional period (2011 to 2013), women’srights and family law emerged as contentious areas in Egypt.By comparing public debates on family law reform in the decade preceding the 2011revolution to the two years following it, we argue that Egypt’s “revolution in family law”actually started a decade earlier, in 2000, when Egyptian women’s new right to divorceunilaterally rocked the country.1 This set in motion other legal reforms that challengedfundamental aspects of male authority in the family and slowly led to the emergence ofinnovative conceptions of motherhood and fatherhood.

scholarly journals Holocene sea-ice dynamics in Petermann Fjord in relation to ice tongue stability and Nares Strait ice arch formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 4357-4380
Author(s):  
Henrieka Detlef ◽  
Brendan Reilly ◽  
Anne Jennings ◽  
Mads Mørk Jensen ◽  
Matt O'Regan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Nares Strait ◽  
Sea Ice Dynamics ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Landfast Ice

Abstract. The Petermann 2015 expedition to Petermann Fjord and adjacent Hall Basin recovered a transect of cores, extending from Nares Strait to underneath the 48 km long ice tongue of Petermann glacier, offering a unique opportunity to study ice–ocean–sea ice interactions at the interface of these realms. First results suggest that no ice tongue existed in Petermann Fjord for large parts of the Holocene, raising the question of the role of the ocean and the marine cryosphere in the collapse and re-establishment of the ice tongue. Here we use a multi-proxy approach (sea-ice-related biomarkers, total organic carbon and its carbon isotopic composition, and benthic and planktonic foraminiferal abundances) to explore Holocene sea ice dynamics at OD1507-03TC-41GC-03PC in outer Petermann Fjord. Our results are in line with a tight coupling of the marine and terrestrial cryosphere in this region and, in connection with other regional sea ice reconstructions, give insights into the Holocene evolution of ice arches and associated landfast ice in Nares Strait. The late stages of the regional Holocene Thermal Maximum (6900–5500 cal yr BP) were marked by reduced seasonal sea ice concentrations in Nares Strait and the lack of ice arch formation. This was followed by a transitional period towards Neoglacial cooling from 5500–3500 cal yr BP, where a southern ice arch might have formed, but an early seasonal breakup and late formation likely caused a prolonged open water season and enhanced pelagic productivity in Nares Strait. Between 3500 and 1400 cal yr BP, regional records suggest the formation of a stable northern ice arch only, with a short period from 2500–2100 cal yr BP where a southern ice arch might have formed intermittently in response to atmospheric cooling spikes. A stable southern ice arch, or even double arching, is also inferred for the period after 1400 cal yr BP. Thus, both the inception of a small Petermann ice tongue at ∼ 2200 cal yr BP and its rapid expansion at ∼ 600 cal yr BP are preceded by a transition towards a southern ice arch regime with landfast ice formation in Nares Strait, suggesting a stabilizing effect of landfast sea ice on Petermann Glacier.

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