scholarly journals Evacuation Behavior during Wildfires: Results of Three Case Studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia J. Cohn ◽  
Matthew S. Carroll ◽  
Yoshitaka Kumagai
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Structured Interviews

Abstract Evacuation of rural communities threatened by wildfires is occurring more often, particularly in the western United States. Residents, public safety officials, community leaders, and public land managers are facing the issues and problems of this new experience. We used semi-structured interviews to elicit the evacuation experience from the viewpoint of evacuees and public safety officials in three case studies of wildfire evacuations in the western United States during 2000 and 2002. (Our interviews were conducted only with Teller County residents and officials.) We identify and describe the stages of the evacuation process as experienced by evacuees, and the dynamics and dilemmas associated with each stage. We analyze these perceptions and dynamics using the sociological lenses of social construction of meaning and structuration. The results indicate that evacuees and public safety officials have different perceptions and concerns about the evacuation process. We derive lessons learned from these three cases for use in planning future wildfire evacuations.

scholarly journals Why Shouldn’t Rural Kids Have It All? Place-conscious Leadership in an Era of Extralocal Reform Policy

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Budge
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Student Success ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Individual Student ◽  
Reform Policy ◽  
Standards Based Reform

This article explores school and community leaders' beliefs about standards-based reform and the purposes of local schooling in a single rural community in the western United States. The study used interviews of 11 community and school leaders in the community. Participants engage in a balancing act between serving local interests and satisfying extralocal mandates. They care about both the students they serve and the place they inhabit, and their own assessment of the educational enterprise indicated that state and federal policy had had little constructive influence on either. The conclusion explores critical place-consciousness as a possible tool to refocus rural educators' attention on the intent of the standards-based movement and to ensure that schooling supports individual student success and the needs of rural communities.

Fragility curves for toppling of railroad locomotives

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1623-1644
Author(s):  
Bruce F Maison
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Seismic Regions

Three locomotives that overturned (toppled) during strong earthquakes (>6.5M) are used as computer analytical case studies. The locomotives were at rest or traveling very slowly at the time of the earthquakes. Fragility curves are presented relating ground shaking intensity to likelihood of toppling. Supplemental studies determine the influence of various parameters, including track gauge, damping, sway-roll period, and size effect. The shaking intensities necessary for standard gauge (56.5 in) locomotives to topple are much greater than the median intensities of 2475-year earthquakes representative of those in high seismic regions of the western United States. A general conclusion is that standard gauge locomotives at rest are not susceptible to toppling in such earthquakes (≪50% chance). This can be expected to be the case as well for freight and passenger cars having sizes and slenderness similar to the case study locomotives. The study also provides insights about the toppling fragility of other large unanchored objects having similar proportions.

International bioenergy synthesis—Lessons learned and opportunities for the western United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 257 (8) ◽  
pp. 1647-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nicholls ◽  
Robert A. Monserud ◽  
Dennis P. Dykstra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Western United States

Archaeological Collaboration with American Indians: Case Studies from the Western United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendi Field Murray ◽  
Nicholas C. Laluk ◽  
Barbara J. Mills ◽  
T. J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Western United States

Unravelling heritage challenges: three case studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miljenka Perovic ◽  
Vaughan Coffey ◽  
Stephen Kajewski ◽  
Ashok Madan
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Project Failures ◽  
Critical Heritage ◽  
Cross Case Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the diverse issues that affect heritage projects during their lifecycle and in particular, why heritage-listed projects often fail to meet the delivery goals of time, budget, quality and scope. Design/methodology/approach This research was undertaken on a qualitative basis by conducting series of semi-structured interviews drawn from three case studies in SE Queensland. Qualitative research involves the evaluation of people’s experiences, feelings, social interactions, and the data gathered from this type of methodology is often varied and rich. A case study allows a researcher to test and generate theories based on real-world practice. Findings This paper presents the findings from a data collection exercise accomplished by conducting a series of qualitative case studies. Using a cross-case analysis approach, this paper highlights critical heritage project delivery issues and their causes. Practical implications The lessons learned from the study cases could be used in helping to prevent potential heritage project failures in the future. Originality/value The paper aims to bring greater awareness to practitioners and academics of the repeating issues that every heritage project is likely to face and offers some insight in how these may be mitigated.

Noteworthy Rail Accidents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Schlesinger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Rare Occasion ◽  
The 1960S

Travel by rail in the United States is one of the safest modes of transportation available. On the rare occasion that major accidents do occur, they represent an opportunity for railroads to learn what has happened and what needs to be done to prevent reoccurrence. This paper provides several, detailed case studies of noteworthy passenger and rail transit accidents that have occurred in the United States, from the 1960s to the present. It discusses the outcome of these accidents, including changes that were implemented due to lessons learned. It also discusses unique and/or noteworthy aspects of each accident.

The dynamic path of recreational values following a forest fire: a comparative analysis of states in the Intermountain West

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1837-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Englin ◽  
John Loomis ◽  
Armando González-Cabán
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Demand Analysis ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Intermountain West ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Dynamic Path

This analysis examines the dynamic path of recreational values following a forest fire in three different states in the intermountain western United States. The travel cost demand analysis found that annual recreation values after a fire follow a highly nonlinear intertemporal path. The path is S-shaped, providing a range of benefits and losses in the years following a fire. While the results discourage the use of a single value throughout the Intermountain West, they do provide a range of likely values that public land managers can apply to fire-affected areas in their jurisdictions.

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