scholarly journals Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Transgenic Plants Expressing the Minor Capsid Protein of Beet western yellows virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Brault ◽  
S. Pfeffer ◽  
M. Erdinger ◽  
J. Mutterer ◽  
V. Ziegler-Graff
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Minor Capsid Protein ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Minor Coat Protein

Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana expressing the minor coat protein P74 of the phloem-limited Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) exhibited an unusual spatial pattern of post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) when infected with BWYV or related viruses. Following infection, transgenic P74 and its mRNA accumulated to only low levels, 21 to 23 nucleotide RNAs homologous to the transgene appeared, and the transgene DNA underwent methylation. The infecting viral RNA, however, was not subject to significant silencing but multiplied readily and produced P74 in the phloem tissues, although the P74 encoded by the transgene disappeared from the phloem as well as the nonvascular tissues.

Post-transcriptional gene silencing and virus resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana expressing a Grapevine virus A minireplicon

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Brumin ◽  
Svetlana Stukalov ◽  
Sabrina Haviv ◽  
Mookkan Muruganantham ◽  
Yoni Moskovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Grapevine Virus ◽  
Grapevine Virus A ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing

scholarly journals Virus-Induced Gene Silencing, a Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgay Unver ◽  
Hikmet Budak
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Dicotyledonous Plants

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is one of the reverse genetics tools for analysis of gene function that uses viral vectors carrying a target gene fragment to produce dsRNA which trigger RNA-mediated gene silencing. There are a number of viruses which have been modified to silence the gene of interest effectively with a sequence-specific manner. Therefore, different types of methodologies have been advanced and modified for VIGS approach. Virus-derived inoculations are performed on host plants using different methods such as agro-infiltration and in vitro transcriptions. VIGS has many advantages compared to other loss-of-gene function approaches. The approach provides the generation of rapid phenotype and no need for plant transformation. The cost of VIGS experiment is relatively low, and large-scale analysis of screening studies can be achieved by the VIGS. However, there are still limitations of VIGS to be overcome. Nowadays, many virus-derived vectors are optimized to silence more than one host plant such as TRV-derived viral vectors which are used for Arabidopsis and Nicothiana benthamiana. By development of viral silencing systems monocot plants can also be targeted as silencing host in addition to dicotyledonous plants. For instance, Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGS allows silencing of barley and wheat genes. Here we summarize current protocols and recent modified viral systems to lead silencing of genes in different host species.

scholarly journals Viroids as a Tool to Study RNA-Directed DNA Methylation in Plants

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Michael Wassenegger ◽  
Athanasios Dalakouras
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Rnai Machinery ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Cumulative Amount

Viroids are plant pathogenic, circular, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs). Members of the Pospiviroidae family replicate in the nucleus of plant cells through double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) intermediates, thus triggering the host’s RNA interference (RNAi) machinery. In plants, the two RNAi pillars are Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) and RNA-directed DNA Methylation (RdDM), and the latter has the potential to trigger Transcriptional Gene Silencing (TGS). Over the last three decades, the employment of viroid-based systems has immensely contributed to our understanding of both of these RNAi facets. In this review, we highlight the role of Pospiviroidae in the discovery of RdDM, expound the gradual elucidation through the years of the diverse array of RdDM’s mechanistic details and propose a revised RdDM model based on the cumulative amount of evidence from viroid and non-viroid systems.

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