Morphological and molecular characterization of Alternaria spp. isolated from European pears

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph DeShields ◽  
Achala KC
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Plasma Membrane Atpase ◽  
Membrane Atpase ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Postharvest Rot ◽  
Ncbi Blast ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

In a recent survey of postharvest rot pathogens in European pear in Southern Oregon, Alternaria spp. were frequently isolated from orchard samples of pear flowers and fruits. Morphological differences were observed within the isolated cultures. A preliminary NCBI BLAST search analysis using sequences of the ATPase locus across 94 isolates of Alternaria spp. obtained from pear fruit rots, revealed three major Alternaria sections, sect. Alternata, sect. Infectoriae, and sect. Ulocladioides. Thirteen isolates were selected based on their genetic and morphological diversity across three Alternaria sections and were subjected to multilocus phylogenetic analysis using sequences from plasma membrane ATPase, calmodulin, and Alt a1 loci. Within section Alternata, four A. arborescens isolates and one A. destruens isolate were identified; within sections Infectoriae and Ulocladioides, one A. rosae isolate and two A. botrytis isolates were identified, respectively. The remaining five isolates could not be identified based on the available sequences for the three loci used in this study. In addition to the phylogenetic analysis, pathogenicity assays revealed differential responses to these isolates on four pear cultivars Anjou, Bartlett, Comice, and Bosc. Inoculation of isolates within Alternaria sect. Alternata resulted in fruit lesions across all cultivars with Bosc being significantly susceptible (p<0.0001). Isolates within Alternaria sect. Ulocladioides caused rots on Anjou and Bosc, while isolates within Alternaria sect. Infectoriae developed rots on Bosc only. This study suggests that there is differential susceptibility of pear cultivars to Alternaria rots and the severity of postharvest rot depends on the type of Alternaria spp. and cultivar predominant in a region.

scholarly journals Secretory vesicles externalize the major plasma membrane ATPase in yeast.

1988 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
C L Holcomb ◽  
W J Hansen ◽  
T Etcheverry ◽  
R Schekman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Plasma Membrane Atpase ◽  
Membrane Assembly ◽  
Yeast Cell Surface ◽  
Membrane Atpase ◽  
Constitutive Secretion ◽  
Secretory Enzyme

Yeast cell surface growth is accomplished by constitutive secretion and plasma membrane assembly, culminating in the fusion of vesicles with the bud membrane. Coordination of secretion and membrane assembly has been investigated by examining the biogenesis of plasma membrane ATPase (PM ATPase) in secretion-defective (sec) strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PM ATPase is synthesized as a approximately 106-kD polypeptide that is not detectably modified by asparagine-linked glycosylation or proteolysis during transit to the plasma membrane. Export of the PM ATPase requires the secretory pathway. In sec1, a mutant defective in the last step of secretion, large amounts of Golgi-derived vesicles are accumulated. Biochemical characterization of this organelle has demonstrated that PM ATPase and the secretory enzyme, acid phosphatase, are transported in a single vesicle species.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular characterization of Haplorchoides mehrai Pande and Shukla 1976 (Digenea: Heterophyidae) from Chiang Mai province

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-342
Author(s):  
K. Apiwong ◽  
Ch. Wongsawad ◽  
P. Butboonchoo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Record ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Characteristic ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Chiang Mai Province ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Abstract Cyprinoid fish in Chiang Mai province has been reported the presence of a large number of metacercariae, particularly the metacercariae of Haplorchoides and those not identified to species. This study aims to investigate morphological and molecular characteristic of the minute intestinal fluke H. mehrai metacercariae in two cyprinoid fish species from Chom Thong district, Chiang Mai province, Thailand: the Tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) and the White eye barb (Cyclocheilichthys repasson). A total of 180 fish (90 from B. schwanenfeldii and 90 from C. repasson) were collected over three seasons: cool, hot and the rainy season (December 2015 to August 2016). Fish were examined for H. mehrai metacercariae infection, including areas such as muscle and the inner side of body scales, by using a light microscope. The prevalence of H. mehrai metacercariae in B. schwanenfeldii and C. repasson was 73.33 % and 100 % respectively. Haplorchoides metacercariae were identified as H. mehrai based on the morphological characteristics; the position of the acetabulum and the number and arrangement of the acetabular spines. Phylogenetic analysis based on Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene showed that H. mehrai metacercariae from B. schwanenfeldii and C. repasson were the same species as the adult stage of H. mehrai from Hemibagrus nemurus and Mystus multiradiatus. Both morphological and molecular characteristic could indicate that Haplorchoides metacercariae originated from this study were H. mehrai. Furthermore, it is a new record of the minute intestinal fluke Haplorchoides mehrai in Chiang Mai Province

Morphological and molecular characterization of three Helicotylenchus species from Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4388 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
EBRAHIM SHOKOOHI ◽  
MARIETTE MARAIS ◽  
HENDRIKA FOURIE ◽  
HADI PANAHI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Three Helicotylenchus species, namely Helicotylenchus digonicus, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus and Helicotylenchus vulgaris were identified during a nematode survey conducted in Iran. The morphological and molecular characteristics of the species were defined. In addition, phylogenetic analysis of five Iranian Helicotylenchus populations based on 28S rDNA were done and showed the unresolved position of molecularly identified H. pseudorobustus and H. digonicus. However, populations of H. vulgaris and H. digonicus were placed close to each other. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that molecularly characterized Helicotylenchus species formed a monophyletic clade. A detailed revision of the species is, however, needed. Illustrations and measurements for all species are provided. 

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Alternaria sect. Ulocladioides/Ulocladium Isolated from Citrus Fruits in Upper Egypt

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Youssuf A. Gherbawy ◽  
Thanaa A. Maghraby ◽  
Karima E. Abdel Fattah ◽  
Mohamed A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Important Crop ◽  
Alternaria Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization ◽  
Toxin Producers

Citrus is the most important crop in Upper Egypt. 150 infected samples were collected from citrus samples (Navel orange, Tangerine and Lemon) in Upper Egypt, 50 samples from each fruit. Twenty-two isolates representing three species of Alternaria belong to A. sect. Ulocladioides and A. sect. Ulocladium were isolated on dichloran chloramphenicol- peptone agar (DCPA) medium at 27°C. Tangerine samples were more contaminated with Alternaria followed by Navel orange and no Alternaria species appeared from Lemon samples. Based on the Alt a1 the phylogenetic analysis identified the isolates as Alternaria atra, Alternaria botrytis and Alternaria oudemansii. The pathogenicity of the isolates was tested by inoculation of healthy navel orange, the resulted data showed that all tested isolates were pathogenic to healthy navel orange with different degrees ranged from 31.5±1 - 20±1 mm and A. oudemansii had a low virulent effect. The mycotoxins ability of tested isolates indicated that about 83% of the isolates were TeA toxin producers with amount ranged from 1.54 - 18.47 ug/ml.

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