scholarly journals Identification of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-Is in The Bahamas

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Sinisterra ◽  
C. P. Patte ◽  
S. Siewnath ◽  
J. E. Polston
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Monopartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

In December 1996, symptoms of stunting, curling, and marginal chlorosis of leaves, reduced leaf size, and marked reduction in number of fruits were first seen in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants on the island of North Andros, The Bahamas. Similar symptoms were observed for the first time during fall 1997 in tomatoes on the island of Eleuthera. Incidences of symptomatic plants were as high as 100% in some fields. Leaves from one symptomatic plant from each island were collected during April 1998. DNA was extracted from the samples and tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification for the presence of one or more geminiviruses (2). Three sets of primers were used to amplify the extracts: PAL1c496 and PAL1v1978, which amplify an ≈1,100- or ≈1,300-bp DNA product from the A component of a wide range of bipartite and monopartite begomoviruses, respectively; primers PCRc154 and PBL1v2042, which amplify an ≈600-bp DNA fragment from the B component of a wide range of bipartite geminiviruses; and primers PCRc154 and PTYC1v2180 (5′ACTACCATGGCCGC-GCAGCGGAATAC3′), which preferentially amplify Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV-Is) (1,2). DNA products of ≈1,300 and ≈780 bp were amplified with PAR1c496 and PAL1v1978 and PCRc154 and PTYC1v2180, respectively, from one sample from each island. No product was obtained from primers PCRc154 and PBL1v2042. The symptoms and PCR results are consistent for the presence of TYLCV. PCR products generated by primers PAL1c496 and PAL1v1978 from each sample were cloned into a pGEM-T Easy Vector (Promega, Madison, WI), and one clone from each was sequenced with vector primers. The sequences of the two 1,300-nt Bahamian clones were identical. The Bahamian clones shared 98.9% sequence homology with equivalent sequences of a TYLCV-Is clone from Florida, 99.2 and 99.4% homology with two TYLCV-Is clones from the Dominican Republic (GenBank Accession no. AF024715, and a full-length infectious clone submitted to GenBank), 98.7% homology with a clone from Cuba (GenBank Accession no. AJ223505), and 98.0% homology with the type sequence from Israel (GenBank Accession no. X15656). A deletion (28 or 29 nt) in the intergenic region was shared by clones from The Bahamas and Florida but was not present in clones from Cuba (AJ223505), the Dominican Republic (AF024715), Egypt (GenBank Accession no. L12219), Israel (X15656), Jamaica (GenBank Accession no. U84146), Lebanon (GenBank Accession no. AF160875), Mexico (GenBank Accession no. AF168709), and Spain (GenBank Accession no. AJ223505). TYLCV-Is appeared in The Bahamas and Florida at almost the same time (1). Because clones from both locations share an unusual deletion, there may be a common source for both introductions. This is the first report of TYLCV-Is in The Bahamas. Reference: (1) J. E. Polston et al. Plant Dis. 83:984, 1999. (2) M. R. Rojas et al. Plant Dis. 77:340, 1993.

scholarly journals Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in the Dominican Republic: Characterization of an Infectious Clone, Virus Monitoring in Whiteflies, and Identification of Reservoir Hosts

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Salati ◽  
Medhat K. Nahkla ◽  
Maria R. Rojas ◽  
Pablo Guzman ◽  
Jose Jaquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Reservoir Hosts ◽  
Leaf Curl

Epidemics of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) in the Dominican Republic in the early to mid-1990s resulted in catastrophic losses to processing tomato production. As part of an integrated management approach to TYLCD, the complete nucleotide sequence of a full-length infectious clone of an isolate of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) from the Dominican Republic (TYLCV-[DO]) was determined. The TYLCV-[DO] genome was nearly identical in sequence (>97%) and genome organization to TYLCV isolates from Israel and Cuba. This established that TYLCV-[DO] is a bonafide TYLCV isolate (rather than a recombinant virus, such as isolates from Israel [Mild], Portugal, Japan, and Iran), and provided further evidence for the introduction of the virus from the eastern Mediterranean. A reduction in the incidence of TYLCV in the northern and southern processing tomato production areas of the Dominican Republic has been associated with the implementation of a mandatory 3-month whitefly host-free period (including tomato, common bean, cucurbits, eggplant, and pepper). Monitoring TYLCV levels in whiteflies, by polymerase chain reaction with TYLCV-specific primers, established that the incidence of TYLCV decreased markedly during the host-free period, and then gradually increased during the tomato-growing season. In contrast, TYLCV persisted in whiteflies and tomato plants in an area in which the host-free period was not implemented. Surveys for TYLCV reservoir hosts, conducted to identify where TYLCV persists during the host-free period, revealed symptomless infections in a number of weed species. The implications of these findings for TYLCV management in the Dominican Republic are discussed.

scholarly journals Appearance of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in North Carolina

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Polston ◽  
T. R. Rosebrock ◽  
T. Sherwood ◽  
T. Creswell ◽  
P. J. Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

In the summers of 2000 and 2001, tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum) with symptoms of stunting, curling, and marginal chlorosis of leaves, reduced leaf size, and marked reduction in fruit number, similar to those caused by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), were seen in Henderson County, NC. In 2001, symptomatic plants appeared in a 40-A (18.2 ha) field in 12 foci of ≈12 plants each, at a total incidence of less than 1%. In August 2001, DNA was extracted from leaf samples from four symptomatic plants and tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification for the presence of one or more geminiviruses. Two sets of primers were used to test for begomoviruses, AC1048 and PCRv181 (3,4), which amplify a 1,020-bp DNA product from a wide range of monopartite and bipartite (A component only) begomoviruses, and C473 and PTYC1v2406, which preferentially amplifies a 859-bp DNA product from the monopartite TYLCV (1,2). Fragments of the expected size were obtained from all four samples, and all PCR products were sequenced. The sequences of the 1,020-bp PCR product from each of the four samples were compared and found to be 100% identical. The same was found for the 859-bp products. These sequences were compared with equivalent regions of begomoviruses and were identical to sequences of TYLCV. Since the two primer sets amplify overlapping regions of the TYLCV genome, the 1,020 and 859-bp products generated by the two primer sets from one plant were combined to create a 1,464-bp sequence that represented approximately half of the TYLCV genome and encompasses the C4 ORF, the intergenic region, and most of the coat protein gene. This 1,464-bp sequence from North Carolina was 99.2 to 99.6% identical to TYLCV sequences reported from Cuba (GenBank Accession No. AJ223505), the Dominican Republic (GenBank Accession No. AF024715), and Florida, and 96.9 to 98.2% identical to TYLCV sequences reported from the Bahamas, Israel (GenBank Accession No. X15656), Jamaica (GenBank Accession No. U84146), Mexico (GenBank Accession No. AF168709), and Spain (GenBank Accession No. AF071228). Symptomatic plants appeared to be infected with an isolate of TYLCV that is most similar to TYLCV isolates reported from Florida and the northeastern Caribbean. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TYLCV in North Carolina. TYLCV may have been introduced on transplants since the infected plants showed symptoms at an early growth stage. The appearance of infected plants in clusters of limited size suggests no spread or very limited spread in the field. Reports of populations of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) vector in the field were not available since whiteflies are not normally a problem in this area due to the higher altitude and relatively cool temperatures characteristic of Henderson County. It is not clear at this time what threat TYLCV poses to tomato production in the county, though its appearance indicates that the geographic range of TYLCV is continuing to expand in the southeastern United States. References: (1) M. Ghanim et al. Virology 240:295, 1998. (2) M. K. Nakhla et al. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 32:163, 1993. (3) M. R. Rojas et al. Plant Dis. 77:340, 1993. (4) S. D. Wyatt et al. Phytopathology 86:1288, 1996.

scholarly journals Recent Emergence of the Mild Strain of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus as a Cause of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease of Processing Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicon) in the Dominican Republic

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1592-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kon ◽  
T. Melgarejo ◽  
A. Almanzar ◽  
R. L. Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Australasian Plant ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Mild Strain ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Processing Tomatoes ◽  
Leaf Curl

In the early 1990s, the monopartite begomovirus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was introduced into the Dominican Republic (DO), and molecular characterization revealed it was an isolate of TYLCV-Israel (TYLCV-IL[DO]) (3,5). In 2006, a study of the variability of TYLCV in DO revealed that TYLCV-IL[DO] was associated with all samples of tomato yellow leaf curl (TYLC) tested and, thus, that the virus had been genetically stable for >15 years (2). However, in 2010 and 2011, 2 of 10 and 11 of 18 samples of TYLC, respectively, were negative for TYLCV infection based upon PCR with the TYLCV-specific primer pair, 2560v (5′-GAGAACAATTGGGATATG-3′)/1480c (5′-AATCATGGATTCACGCAC-3′), which directs the amplification of a ~1.7 kb fragment. In 2011, two such samples from the Azua Valley were tested by PCR with the 1470v (5′-AGTGATGAGTTCCCCTGTGC-3′)/UPC2 primer pair (1), and sequence analysis of the ~0.4 kb fragment amplified from both samples revealed infection with the mild strain of TYLCV (TYLCV-Mld). A primer specific for TYLCV-Mld was designed (2070v, 5′-AAACGGAGAAATATATAAGGAGCC-3′), and PCR with the 2070v/1480c primer pair directed the amplification of the expected ~2.1 kb fragment from all 11 TYLC samples collected in 2011 that were PCR-negative for TYLCV-IL[DO] infection. Sequence analyses confirmed these were TYLCV-Mld fragments. The complete TYLCV-Mld genome was amplified from two samples from the Azua Valley with Templiphi, the amplified DNA products digested with Sal I, and the resulting ~2.8 kb fragments ligated into Sal I-digested pGEM-11. The complete sequences of these isolates were 2,791 nt and 99% identical to each other and 98% identical to sequences of TYLCV-Mld isolates. The TYLCV-Mld isolates from the DO were designated TYLCV-Mld:DO:TY5:01:2011 (KJ913682) and TYLCV-Mld:DO:TY5:02:2011 (KJ913683). A multimeric clone of TYLCV-Mld:DO:TY5:01:2011 was generated in the binary vector pCAMBIA1300 by cloning a 2.2 kb Sal I-EcoRI fragment containing the intergenic region to generate a 0.8-mer (pCTYMld0.8), and then the full-length Sal I fragment was cloned into the Sal I site of pCTYMld0.8 to generate a 1.8-mer (pCTYMldDO-01-1.8). Tomato plants agroinoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying pCTYMldDO-01-1.8 developed severe TYLC disease symptoms 10 to 14 days after inoculation, whereas plants inoculated with a strain carrying the empty vector did not develop symptoms. Samples of processing tomatoes with TYLC were collected in 2012 to 2014 in the DO and tested for TYLCV-IL[DO] and TYLCV-Mld by PCR with the 2560v/1480c and 2070v/1480c primers pairs, respectively; these samples had infections of 93% (13/14), 86% (18/21), and 61% (11/18) with TYLCV-Mld; 29% (4/14), 19% (4/21), and 56% (10/18) with TYLCV-IL[DO]; and 21% (3/14), 5% (1/21), and 28% (5/18) with both viruses, respectively. These results reveal that there has been a striking population shift in the begomovirus causing TYLC in the DO, with TYLCV-Mld becoming predominant. This may reflect selection pressure(s) favoring a small pre-existing population of TYLCV-Mld, such as new tomato varieties, or a recent introduction event, such as that described in Venezuela (4). References: (1) R. W. Briddon and P. G. Markham. Mol. Biotechnol. 1:202, 1994. (2) R. L. Gilbertson et al. Page 279 in: Tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease. Springer, 2007. (3) M. K. Nahkla et al. Plant Dis. 78:926, 1994. (4) G. Romay et al. Australasian Plant Dis. Notes, in press, 2014. (5) R. Salati et al. Phytopathology 92:487, 2002.

scholarly journals A Rapid and Efficient Method for Construction of an Infectious Clone of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bongjun Bang ◽  
Jongyun Lee ◽  
Sunyoung Kim ◽  
Jungwook Park ◽  
Thao Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

scholarly journals Resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Accumulation in the Tomato Wild Relative Solanum habrochaites Associated with the C4 Viral Protein

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 849-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego M. Tomás ◽  
M. Carmen Cañizares ◽  
Jesús Abad ◽  
Rafael Fernández-Muñoz ◽  
Enrique Moriones
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Virus Accumulation ◽  
Solanum Habrochaites ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) is a severe threat to tomato crops worldwide and is caused by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and several other begomoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae). Host plant resistance is the best TYLCD control method but limited sources of resistance are available. In this study, two Solanum habrochaites TYLCD-resistance sources, EELM-388 and EELM-889, were found after a wide germplasm screening and were further characterized. A consistent resistance to the widely distributed strain TYLCV-IL was observed when plants were inoculated by Bemisia tabaci or by agroinoculation using an infectious clone, with no symptoms or virus accumulation observed in inoculated plants. Moreover, the resistance was effective under field conditions with high TYLCD pressure. Two independent loci, one dominant and one recessive, were associated with EELM-889 resistance. The study shows these loci to be distinct from that of the resistance gene (Ty-1 gene) commonly deployed in commercial tomato cultivars. Therefore, both kinds of resistance could be combined to provide improved resistance to TYLCD. Four additional TYLCD-associated viruses were challenged, showing that the resistance always prevented symptom expression, although systemic infection could occur in some cases. By using chimeric and mutant expression constructs, the C4 protein was shown to be associated with the ability to result in effective systemic infection.

Three distinct groups of isolates of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Japan and construction of an infectious clone

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Ueda ◽  
Takashi Kimura ◽  
Masatoshi Onuki ◽  
Kaoru Hanada ◽  
Toru Iwanami
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in Korea and the Construction of an Infectious Clone

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Bong Choon Lee ◽  
Shigenori Ueda ◽  
Young-Nam Yoon ◽  
Dong Bum Shin ◽  
Hang-Won Kang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

The Infectious Clone Construction of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Isolate from Tianjin

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Mei Jin ◽  
Jun Xue ◽  
Zhong-Qi Liu ◽  
Jian-Jiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl
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