Comparison of Seed Transmission and Survival of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans in Common Bean Seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. He ◽  
G. P. Munkvold
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Seed Health

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Vauterin (Xap) and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans Schaad et al. (Xff) cause indistinguishable symptoms known as common bacterial blight of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). These results confirm a higher disease incidence and seed transmission frequency of Xff compared to Xap and reinforce the need for seed health tests that can differentiate the two species. Accepted for publication 21 August 2013. Published 23 September 2013.

Mapping genetic factors affecting the reaction to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli in Phaseolus vulgaris L. under field conditions

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Tar'an ◽  
T E Michaels ◽  
K P Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the field effects of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap), which causes common bacterial blight (CBB) on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and to identify genetic factors for resistance to CBB using a linkage map constructed with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), simple sequence repeat (SSR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. One hundred and forty-two F2:4 lines, derived from a cross between 'OAC Seaforth' and 'OAC 95-4', and the parents were evaluated for their field reaction to CBB. In the inoculated plots, the reaction to CBB was negatively correlated with seed yield, days to maturity, plant height, hypocotyl diameter, pods per plant, and harvest index. A reduction in seed yield and its components was observed when disease-free and CBB-inoculated plots were compared. The broad-sense heritability estimate of the reaction to CBB was 0.74. The disease segregation ratio was not significantly different from the expected segregation ratio for a single locus in an F2 generation. The major gene for CBB resistance was localized on linkage group (LG) G5. A simple interval mapping procedure identified three genomic regions associated with the reaction to CBB. One quantitative trait loci (QTL), each on LG G2 (BNG71DraI), G3 (BNG21EcoRV), and G5 (PHVPVPK-1) explained 36.3%, 10.2%, and 42.2% of the phenotypic variation for the reaction to CBB, respectively. Together, these loci explained 68.4% of the phenotypic variation. The relative positions of these QTL on the core common bean map and their comparison with the previous QTL for CBB resistance are discussed.Key words: common bean, molecular markers, common bacterial blight.

scholarly journals Association of common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) epidemics with agro ecological factors in Southwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
W Adila ◽  
H Terefe ◽  
A Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia

Common bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, is an economically important disease of common bean and causes significant yield losses in Ethiopia. A field survey was conducted to understand the spatial distribution, relative importance and association of common bacterial blight epidemics with agro-ecological factors in low and mid-land areas of Southwestern, Ethiopia, during the 2018-19 cropping season. A total 85 bean fields were assessed in four common bean growing districts. High diseases incidence and severity was recorded at Debub Ari (77.6 and 52.7%, respectively) while the lowest was from Male (38.5 and 28.0%, respectively). The associations between disease parameters and agro-ecological factors were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models. Agronomic practices including NPS fertilization, preceding crop, weed management and plant population had highly significant (P<0.0001) association with both disease incidence and severity. Also, altitude, seed source and cropping system significantly (P<0.05) influenced disease severity while cropping pattern showed significant (P<0.05) association with disease incidence in the reduced model. Higher mean disease severity (≥40%) had high probability of association with district, absence of NPS fertilization, poor weed management practice, and preceding crops, than their counter parts. Adequate NPS fertilization increases growth performance of the crop in turn decreases disease intensity, weed serve as alternate host for incoming inoculum and previous crops were source for inocula as well as crop rotation used as reduce inoculum load. Therefore, the present study showed that the disease is a major production constraint of common bean, and suggested proper nutrient and weed management practices, and crop rotation to reduce common bacterial blight in the study areas. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 74-83, June 2021

OAC Rex common bean

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Michaels ◽  
T. H. Smith ◽  
J. Larsen ◽  
A. D. Beattie ◽  
K. P. Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Narrow Row

OAC Rex is an upright indeterminate bush white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar intended for use in areas with greater than 2800 crop heat units. It has good yield potential in either wide or narrow row production. It is resistant to races 1 and 15 of bean common mosaic virus and is the first common bean cultivar resistant to common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) in Ontario. Seed has acceptable cooking and canning quality. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., white bean, common bean, common bacterial blight, cultivar description

scholarly journals Sources of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight and Rust in Elite Phaseolus vulgaris L. Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
M.T. Mmbaga ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
J.R. Steadman
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
The Common

We studied leaf and pod reactions of 18 Phaseolus vulgaris germplasm lines (three temperate and 15 tropical) to four Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (XCP) (Smith) Dye strains and seven Uromyces appendiculatus (UA) (Pers.) Unger races. Line × XCP interaction was significant for leaf and pod reactions. The common bean lines XAN-159, BAC-6, and XAN-112 had the best combined leaf and pod resistance to XCP. Line × UA race interactions were significant (P = 0.05). Lines IAPAR-14 and BAC-6 had the best combined resistance to XCP and UA.

Rexeter common bean

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Smith ◽  
T. E. Michaels ◽  
A. Navabi ◽  
K. P. Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Cooking Quality ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Excellent Yield ◽  
White Bean

Smith, T. H., Michaels, T. E., Navabi, A. and Pauls, K. P. 2012. Rexeter common bean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 351–353. Rexeter common bean (CFIA registration no. 7019) is a full season maturity white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar with an upright growth habit with excellent yield potential, resistance to common bacterial blight and acceptable cooking quality.

Identification of RAPD markers linked to common bacterial blight resistance genes in Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghe Bai ◽  
T. E. Michaels ◽  
K. P. Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Total Contribution

Seven hundred and fifty-six random primers were screened with bulks of genomic DNA from common bacterial blight (CBB) resistant and susceptible bean plants. The plants were from a breeding population derived from an interspecific cross between Phaseolus acutifolius and Phaseolus vulgaris. Four RAPD markers, named R7313, RE416, RE49, and R4865, were found to be significantly associated with CBB resistance in this population. Forty-nine molecular markers segregating in the population were clustered into 8 linkage groups by a MAPMAKER linkage analysis. The largest linkage group was 140 cM long and contained 25 marker loci, including marker R4865. Markers R7313, RE416, and RE49 were clustered on another linkage group. A regression analysis indicated that the markers in these two groups together accounted for 81% of the variation in CBB resistance in the population. The addition of another marker, M56810, which was not individually associated with CBB resistance, increased the total contribution to the trait to 87%.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., common bacterial blight (CBB), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RAPD markers, linkage groups.

scholarly journals Impact of common bacterial blight on the yield, seed weight and seed discoloration of different market classes of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Boersma ◽  
A. Hou ◽  
C. L. Gillard ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
R. L. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Navy Beans ◽  
The Impact

Boersma, J. G., Hou, A., Gillard, C. L., McRae, K. B. and Conner, R. L. 2015. Impact of common bacterial blight on the yield, seed weight and seed discoloration of different market classes of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 703–710. Common bacterial blight (CBB) is a seed-borne disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), causing significant economic loss to growers due to reductions in seed yield and quality and the need to annually purchase disease-free seed. Over the past decade a number of breeding lines and cultivars with resistance to CBB have been developed in several bean market classes including navy, black and cranberry beans. A comparison of three susceptible navy bean cultivars and seven resistant navy, three black and one cranberry bean entries in Manitoba revealed that most resistant navy and black bean lines had significantly reduced the incidence of leaf symptoms and their mean yield losses were reduced to less than 17%, while those of the susceptible lines were as high as 36% under severe disease pressure. Only the weakly resistant navy bean cultivar HR67 and the cranberry bean line F4GR1 failed to substantially reduce CBB symptoms or show a yield advantage. The Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker PVctt001 in combination with Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) marker SU91 was associated with a low incidence of CBB symptoms and a reduced yield loss in five navy bean lines, but not in the cranberry bean line F4GR1. Disease symptoms on the pods in the resistant black and navy beans and seed discoloration of navy beans caused by CBB were also significantly reduced by resistance. Seed weights were reduced by 2.1–4.7% in the susceptible cultivars, but there was only a slight or no decrease or no effect on the seed weight of the CBB-resistant lines and cultivars. Generally the magnitude of the reductions in yield was much greater than the impact on seed weight, which suggests that yield losses were caused by a combination of reduced seed weight and the number of seeds per plant.

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