scholarly journals Genotypic Diversity of Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. plurivora in Maryland’s Nurseries and Mid-Atlantic Forests

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Beaulieu ◽  
Blaine Ford ◽  
Yilmaz Balci
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Soil And Water

Genetic diversity of two Phytophthora spp.—P. cinnamomi (102 isolates), commonly encountered in Maryland nurseries and forests in the Mid-Atlantic United States, and P. plurivora (186 isolates), a species common in nurseries—was characterized using amplified fragment length polymorphism. Expected heterozygosity and other indices suggested a lower level of diversity among P. cinnamomi than P. plurivora isolates. Hierarchical clustering showed P. cinnamomi isolates separated into four clusters, and two of the largest clusters were closely related, containing 80% of the isolates. In contrast, P. plurivora isolates separated into six clusters, one of which included approximately 40% of the isolates. P. plurivora isolates recovered from the environment (e.g., soil and water) were genotypically more diverse than those found causing lesions. For both species, isolate origin (forest versus nursery or among nurseries) was a significant factor of heterozygosity. Clonal groups existed within P. cinnamomi and P. plurivora and included isolates from both forest and nurseries, suggesting that a pathway from nurseries to forests or vice versa exists.

scholarly journals Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (fAFLP) analyses and genetic diversity in Litopenaeus vannamei (Penaeidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Mantovani Gonçalves ◽  
Manoel Victor Franco Lemos ◽  
Pedro Manoel Galetti Junior ◽  
Patrícia Domingues de Freitas ◽  
Manuel Antonio Andrade Furtado Neto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism

Genetic diversity of fringed brome (Bromus ciliatus) as determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1322-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Bi Fu ◽  
Bruce E. Coulman ◽  
Yasas S.N. Ferdinandez ◽  
Jacques Cayouette ◽  
Paul M. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Geographic Origins

Fringed brome ( Bromus ciliatus L.) is found in native stands throughout a large area of North America. Little is known about the genetic diversity of this species. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique was applied to assess the genetic diversity of 16 fringed brome populations sampled in Canada from the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Quebec, and Saskatchewan. Four AFLP primer pairs were employed to screen 82 samples with four to six samples per population and 83 polymorphic AFLP bands scored for each sample. The frequencies of the scored bands in all assayed samples ranged from 0.01 to 0.99 and averaged 0.53. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 52.6% of the total AFLP variation resided among the 16 populations and 20.6% among the four provinces. The five Quebec populations appeared to be genetically the most diverse and distinct. The AFLP variability observed was significantly associated with the geographic origins of the fringed brome populations. These findings are useful for sampling fringed brome germplasm from natural populations for germplasm conservation and should facilitate the development of genetically diverse regional cultivars for habitat restoration and revegetation.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Rhubarb Cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Kuhl ◽  
Veronica L. DeBoer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Fingerprint Analysis

The genus Rheum L., commonly known as rhubarb, is composed of ≈60 species, primarily distributed throughout northern and central Asia. Rhubarb species have been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years; however, it was not until the 18th century that the culinary use of petioles was first reported. Although the origin(s) of culinary rhubarb is not clear, it is thought that they originated from hybridization of rhubarb species originally brought to Europe for medicinal purposes. Most rhubarb cultivars lack pedigree information, and the genetic relationship among cultivars is largely unknown. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were generated for fingerprint analysis of 37 cultivars and four putative Rheum species accessions. Ten EcoRI and MseI primer combinations were analyzed for a total of 1400 scored polymorphisms, with an average of 140 polymorphisms per primer combination. Results show at least two clusters of related cultivars, as well as distantly related accessions. This study provides an estimate of rhubarb cultivar genetic diversity using AFLP analysis.

Genetic diversity amongBradyrhizobiumisolates that effectively nodulate peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1121-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Urtz ◽  
Gerald H. Elkan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Dna Homology ◽  
Symbiotic Gene ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Symbiotic gene diversity and other measures of genetic diversity were examined in Bradyrhizobium isolates that form an effective symbiosis with peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Initially, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using a nitrogenase (nif) gene probe was performed on 33 isolates along with one Bradyrhizobium elkanii and two Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains. Considerable diversity was observed among the RFLP patterns of many of the isolates, especially those from South America. Some isolates, however, were found to have similar nif and subsequent nod (nodulation) gene RFLP patterns, indicating symbiotic gene relatedness. With some noted exceptions, symbiotic gene relatedness correlated with relatedness based on total DNA homology and ribotyping analyses. Symbiotic gene relatedness also correlated with symbiotic effectiveness. The RFLP and DNA homology analyses indicate that bradyrhizobia effective with peanut are genetically diverse and consist of at least three different species. This diversity, however, was not particularly evident with partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Sequences obtained from the isolates were very similar to each other as well as to sequences previously reported for other Bradyrhizobium strains.Key words: Bradyrhizobium, nif, peanut, restriction fragment length polymorphism, 16S rRNA.

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