Regulation of Progressive Liver Disease by Mitochondrial Carboxylate Transport

: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) embraces histopathological entities ranging from the relatively benign simple steatosis to the progressive form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is associated with fibrosis and an increased risk of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is the most common liver disease and is associated with extrahepatic comorbidities including a major cardiovascular disease burden. : The non-invasive diagnosis of NAFLD and the identification of subjects at risk of progressive liver disease and cardio-metabolic complications are key in implementing personalized treatment schedules and follow-up strategies. : In this review, we highlight the potential role of ultrasound semiquantitative scores for detecting and assessing steatosis severity, progression of NAFLD, and cardio-metabolic risk. : Ultrasonographic scores of fatty liver severity act as sensors of cardio-metabolic health and may assist in selecting patients to submit to second-line non-invasive imaging techniques and/or liver biopsy.

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TYPE III PRO-COLLAGEN PEPTIDE IN LIVER DISEASE IN HAEMOPHILIA

10.1055/s-0038-1644022 ◽

1987 ◽

Author(s):

R S Evely ◽

F E Preston ◽

D R Triger ◽

C R M Hay ◽

M C Greves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Liver Biopsy ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Type Iii ◽

Amino Terminal ◽

Collagen Peptide ◽

Collagen Iii ◽

Liver Biopsies ◽

Progressive Liver Disease ◽

Valuable Predictor

During the past 10 years we have carried out liver biopsies on haemophiliacs with biochemical evidence of chronic liver disease (CLD). To date 44 biopsies have been obtained from 35 patients. Histological diagnoses are Chronic Persistent Hepatitis (CPH) 24, Chronic Aggressive Hepatitis (CAH) 11 and Cirrhosis 9. Serial biopsies indicate that progressive liver disease is now a serious problem in haemophilia. Liver biopsy is not without risk and therefore it is important to identify factors which may be of value in predicting the nature of the liver disease or its progression. Since intra-hepatic fibrosis is a feature of CLD we measured Type III amino terminal propeptide of pro-collagen (PC III) by radio-immunoassay on samples taken within a mean of 4.8 months of the liver biopsy. A normal range was established as 4.3 - 15.7ng/ml on healthy subjects (median 7.0). Median values and ranges for patients with CPH (N=13), CAH (N=5) and cirrhosis (N=5) were 8 (5.4 - 23.4), 14.2 (7.2 - 19.8) and 14.2 (11.2 - 23.0)ng/ml respectively. Although pro-collagen III values tended to be higher in progressive liver disease (CAH and cirrhosis) this did not reach statistical significance. It would, therefore, appear that unlike serum IgG, pro-collagen III will not be a valuable predictor of progressive liver disease in haemophilia. A larger study is necessary to clarify this.

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I148M PNPLA3 variant and progressive liver disease: A new paradigm in hepatology

Hepatology ◽

10.1002/hep.25634 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 791-791 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Luca Valenti ◽

Anna Alisi ◽

Valerio Nobili

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Progressive Liver Disease

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Retracted: I148M PNPLA3 variant and progressive liver disease: A new paradigm in hepatology

Hepatology ◽

10.1002/hep.25506 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Progressive Liver Disease

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Dynamic Changes of the Fungal Microbiome in Alcohol Use Disorder

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.699253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Phillipp Hartmann ◽

Sonja Lang ◽

Suling Zeng ◽

Yi Duan ◽

Xinlian Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Dynamic Changes ◽

Alcohol Abstinence ◽

Liver Health ◽

Fungal Microbiome ◽

Progressive Liver Disease

BackgroundAlcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The intestinal microbiota is involved in the development and progression of ALD; however, little is known about commensal fungi therein.MethodsWe studied the dynamic changes of the intestinal fungal microbiome, or mycobiome, in 66 patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and after 2 weeks of alcohol abstinence using internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) amplicon sequencing of fecal samples.ResultsPatients with AUD had significantly increased abundance of the genera Candida, Debaryomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces, and Issatchenkia, and of the species Candida albicans and Candida zeylanoides compared with control subjects. Significantly improved liver health markers caspase-cleaved and intact cytokeratin 18 (CK18-M65) levels and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in AUD patients after 2 weeks of alcohol abstinence were associated with significantly lower abundance of the genera Candida, Malassezia, Pichia, Kluyveromyces, Issatchenkia, and the species C. albicans and C. zeylanoides. This was mirrored by significantly higher specific anti-C. albicans immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) serum levels in AUD patients in relation to control participants, and significantly decreased anti-C. albicans IgG levels in AUD subjects after 2 weeks of abstinence. The intestinal abundance of the genus Malassezia was significantly higher in AUD subjects with progressive liver disease compared with non-progressive liver disease.ConclusionIn conclusion, improved liver health in AUD patients after alcohol abstinence was associated with lower intestinal abundances of Candida and Malassezia, and lower serum anti-C. albicans IgG levels. Intestinal fungi might serve as a therapeutic target to improve the outcome of patients in ALD.

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Advances in Diagnostic Imaging of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.817758 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Bi-Wei Luo ◽

Zhi-Yong Du

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Pulmonary Complication ◽

Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ◽

Pulmonary Angiography ◽

Pulmonary Perfusion ◽

Clinical Prognosis ◽

Vascular Dilatation ◽

Progressive Liver Disease ◽

Poor Clinical Prognosis ◽

Timely Treatment

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a serious pulmonary complication of progressive liver disease that leads to a poor clinical prognosis. Patients with HPS may develop acute respiratory failure, which requires intensive care and therapy. At present, the only effective treatment is liver transplantation; therefore, early diagnosis and timely treatment are of considerable significance. The three main features of HPS are liver disease, oxygenation disorder, and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation (IPVD). Diagnosing HPS is challenging due to the difficulty in detecting the presence or absence of IPVD. As such, imaging examination is very important for detecting IPVD. This paper reviews the imaging methods for diagnosing HPS such as ultrasound, dynamic pulmonary perfusion imaging, pulmonary angiography, and computed tomography.

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