A Probabilitic Exposure Assessment to Evaluate the Toxicological Risk of Human Exposure to Malathion During a Possible Vector-Control Program Against West Nile Virus in the Province of Quebec, Canada

Epidemiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S525
Author(s):  
M Valcke ◽  
N Gosselin ◽  
D Bellevile ◽  
O Samuel
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Control Program ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Vector Control Program ◽  
Toxicological Risk

scholarly journals Assessment of Aedes aegypti Pupal Productivity during the Dengue Vector Control Program in a Costal Urban Centre of São Paulo State, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marylene de Brito Arduino
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Large City ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Vector Control Program ◽  
Productivity Indices ◽  
Dengue Vector Control

The control of dengue relies on the elimination of vector breeding sites. This study identified the container categories most productive for A. aegypti within the framework of the São Paulo dengue vector control program (DVCP) in São Sebastião, a large city located on the state’s coast where dengue cases have occurred since 2001. Containers were inspected monthly for the occurrence of mosquito immature stages during two consecutive vector-breeding seasons in 2002–2004. Containers were classified by their material, use, and fixed or removable status. Pupal productivity differed significantly among container types, items made of metal and plastic, and boats being those with the highest relative contribution. Significant correlations between traditional indices of A. aegypti abundance (Container Index, House Index, and Breteau Index) and pupal productivity/demographic indices (Pupae/Container, Pupae/House, Pupae/ha, and Pupae/Person) ranged 0.56–0.65; correlations were not statistically significant for any combination involving the Pupae/Container index. The assessment of pupal productivity indices could be incorporated into the DVCP without any additional operational onus, allowing vector control managers to determine appropriate control actions targeting the most productive containers and sites. Further studies are needed to assess whether pupal productivity indices may be used as epidemiological indicators of risk of dengue transmission.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Large-Scale Chagas Disease Vector Control Program in Nicaragua by Residual Insecticide Spraying Against Triatoma dimidiata

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1231-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kota Yoshioka ◽  
Jiro Nakamura ◽  
Lenin Pérez ◽  
Yuichiro Tabaru ◽  
Doribel Tercero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Vector Control Program

scholarly journals Multiple Insecticide Resistance: An Impediment to Insecticide-Based Malaria Vector Control Program

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e16066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delenasaw Yewhalaw ◽  
Fantahun Wassie ◽  
Walter Steurbaut ◽  
Pieter Spanoghe ◽  
Wim Van Bortel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Malaria Vector Control ◽  
Vector Control Program

scholarly journals The occurrence of synanthropic triatomines in Bahia, Brazil: what changed after 40 years of the vector-control program?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmar Ribeiro ◽  
Cristiane Medeiros Moraes de Carvalho ◽  
Renato Freitas de Araújo ◽  
Fernanda Cardoso Lanza ◽  
Diego Lopes Paim Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Control Program ◽  
The State ◽  
Triatoma Infestans ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Triatomine Species ◽  
Vector Control Program

Abstract Background: This study presents a descriptive analysis of the occurrence of synanthropic triatomine species in the state of Bahia, before and after the implementation of the vector control program. Methods: Occurrence and number of collected specimens in the municipalities were analyzed in two periods: (A) 1957 to 1971, before systematic vector control actions; and (B) 2006 to 2019, after the certification of interruption of Chagas disease transmission by Triatoma infestans. Results: In total, 17 species were recorded during period A and 21 during period B. Panstrongylus megistus was the most frequent species in period A (42%), while Triatoma pseudomaculata (42%) and T. sordida (38%) were more frequent in period B. In period A, T. infestans was found in 26 (9%) municipalities, and in period B it was found in 7 (2%). During period B, most triatomines (88%) were captured at the peridomestic habitats, with a predominance of T. sordida (85%). Species with greatest relative abundance within the household were T. sordida (49%), T. brasiliensis (27%), and T. pseudomaculata (15%). Conclusions: We have observed a clear reduction in the occurrence of P. megistus and T. infestans and an increase in the relative abundance and geographical distribution of T. sordida and T. pseudomaculata after 40 years of the vector-control program. High frequency of other triatomine species in the municipalities of the state of Bahia and a great abundance of T. sordida in recent years, highlight the need to reinforce permanent entomological surveillance actions for Chagas disease.

scholarly journals Unprecedented increase of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease, Spain, summer 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía García San Miguel Rodríguez-Alarcón ◽  
Beatriz Fernández-Martínez ◽  
María José Sierra Moros ◽  
Ana Vázquez ◽  
Paula Julián Pachés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Neuroinvasive Disease ◽  
National Public Health

Cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) in Spain increased in summer 2020. Here we report on this increase and the local, regional and national public health measures taken in response. We analysed data from regional surveillance networks and the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network, both for human and animal West Nile virus (WNV) infection. During the 2020 season, a total of 77 human cases of WNV infection (median age 65 years; 60% males) were detected in the south-west of Spain; 72 (94%) of these cases developed WNND, presenting as meningoencephalitis, seven of which were fatal. In the previous two decades, only six human cases of WNND were detected in Spain. Reduced activities for vector control this season, together with other factors, might have contributed to the massive increase. Public health measures including vector control, campaigns to raise awareness among physicians and the general population, and interventions to ensure the safety of donations of blood products, organs, cells and tissues were effective to reduce transmission. Going forward, maintenance of vector control activities and an update of the vector-borne diseases response plan in Spain is needed.

scholarly journals First serological evidence of West Nile virus among equines and birds in Kosovo, 2018-2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agim Rexhepi ◽  
Kurtesh Sherifi ◽  
Kristaq Berxholi ◽  
Betim Xhekaj ◽  
Nesade Muja-Bajraktari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Domestic Bird ◽  
Domestic Birds ◽  
Public Health Authorities

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to survey the presence of the West Nile virus (WNV) in Kosovo by serological testing of the healthy autochthonous equine population and virus detection in birds and mosquitoes. Between January 2018 and June 2019, 260 equine serum samples, 626 mosquitoes (60 pools), 50 domestic birds and 51 wild birds were collected from different regions of Kosovo. Equine and domestic bird serum samples were tested by IgG ELISA while mosquitoes and bird viscera were tested for WNV RNA by RT-PCR. Positive ELISA samples were confirmed by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) and eight by Virus Neutralization Test (VNT). Results: This is the first report providing evidence of WNV antibodies among animals in Kosovo. WNV antibodies were present in 27 out of 260 equine sera (10.38%) and one out of 50 samples in domestic birds by ELISA and PRNT. Eight of 27 positive equine serum samples were confirmed by VNT. No WNV RNA was detected in birds or mosquitoes.Conclusions: The occurrence of WNV antibodies in autochthonous equines from all regions of Kosovo indicates that the virus is circulating within the country. Public health authorities should therefore plan a risk assessment and disease control program.

scholarly journals First Observations of Plasmodium Malariae and Its Evolution During the Parasitological Evaluation of the Long-term Village Scale Malaria Vector Control Program in the Balombo Area of Angola

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Manguin ◽  
Vincent Foumane ◽  
Jean-Claude Toto ◽  
Franck Martinaud ◽  
Maria Adelaide Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Plasmodium Malariae ◽  
Malaria Vector Control ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Control Program

Abstract Background: A long-term village scale vector control program was implemented in eight villages around the Balombo town (Benguela Province, Angola) to compare the efficacy of four methods of vector control inside houses including long-lasting deltamethrin insecticide treated nets (PermaNet© 2.0 model or P.2.0); association of P.2.0 and deltamethrin Insecticide Treated Plastic Sheeting (ITPS)-Zero Fly© model; deltamethrin ITPS-Wall Lining model alone; and 2 rounds of lambdacyhalothrin Inside Residual Spraying followed by installation of ITPS.Methods: Cross sectional parasitological surveys (CSS) were done every two months. Thick blood films (TBF) were microscopically examined at the Medical Department of the Angolese Sonamet company in Lobito and a sample of them were double-checked in Yaoundé. Plasmodium species determination, parasitaemia and gametocytes presence, and evolution in time were analyzed.Results: A total of 190 CSS was done between 2007 and 2011, Plasmodium spp. were observed in 5,431 of the 21,804 TBF done. Plasmodium malariae alone was observed in 22 TBF (0.4%) and mixed infections P. falciparum and P. malariae in 44 TBF (0.8%).Conclusion: The very low frequency of P. malariae could explain the fact it is usually not reported in classical point prevalence surveys. Our study confirms the presence of this species in Angola, which must be known due to its special clinical impact, quartan fever, kidney failure, chronicity, symptomless carriers, persistence for several years with long term recrudescence and reported cases of resistance to classical ACTs. The prevalence of P. malariae decreased after implementation of vector control methods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document