A clinically relevant HIV-1 subunit vaccine protects rhesus macaques from in vivo passaged simian–human immunodeficiency virus infection

AIDS ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. F15-F22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Mooij ◽  
Mike van der Kolk ◽  
Willy M.J.M. Bogers ◽  
Peter J.F. ten Haaft ◽  
Peter Van Der Meide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Use of a Small Molecule CCR5 Inhibitor in Macaques to Treat Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection or Prevent Simian–Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

2003 ◽  
Vol 198 (10) ◽  
pp. 1551-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Veazey ◽  
Per Johan Klasse ◽  
Thomas J. Ketas ◽  
Jacqueline D. Reeves ◽  
Michael Piatak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cc Chemokine Receptor 5 ◽  
Hiv 1

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) fuses with cells after sequential interactions between its envelope glycoproteins, CD4 and a coreceptor, usually CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) or CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4). CMPD 167 is a CCR5-specific small molecule with potent antiviral activity in vitro. We show that CMPD 167 caused a rapid and substantial (4–200-fold) decrease in plasma viremia in six rhesus macaques chronically infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains SIVmac251 or SIVB670, but not in an animal infected with the X4 simian–human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV), SHIV-89.6P. In three of the SIV-infected animals, viremia reduction was sustained. In one, there was a rapid, but partial, rebound and in another, there was a rapid and complete rebound. There was a substantial delay (>21 d) between the end of therapy and the onset of full viremia rebound in two animals. We also evaluated whether vaginal administration of gel-formulated CMPD 167 could prevent vaginal transmission of the R5 virus, SHIV-162P4. Complete protection occurred in only 2 of 11 animals, but early viral replication was significantly less in the 11 CMPD 167-recipients than in 9 controls receiving carrier gel. These findings support the development of small molecule CCR5 inhibitors as antiviral therapies, and possibly as components of a topical microbicide to prevent HIV-1 sexual transmission.

Effects of mycophenolic acid on human immunodeficiency virus infection in vitro and in vivo

10.1038/77489 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 762-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude G. Chapuis ◽  
G. Paolo Rizzardi ◽  
Claudia D'Agostino ◽  
Antoine Attinger ◽  
Christian Knabenhans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Neuropathogenesis of Chimeric Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection In Pig-tailed and Rhesus Macaques

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Raghavan ◽  
Edward B Stephens ◽  
Sanjay V Joag ◽  
Istvan Adany ◽  
David M Pinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals The Envelope Glycoprotein Ectodomains Determine the Efficiency of CD4+ T Lymphocyte Depletion in Simian– Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Macaques

1998 ◽  
Vol 188 (6) ◽  
pp. 1159-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunilla B. Karlsson ◽  
Matilda Halloran ◽  
Dominik Schenten ◽  
Juliette Lee ◽  
Paul Racz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Lymphocyte Depletion ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

CD4+ T lymphocyte depletion in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected humans underlies the development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Using a model in which rhesus macaques were infected with chimeric simian–human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs), we show that both the level of viremia and the structure of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein ectodomains individually contributed to the efficiency with which CD4+ T lymphocytes were depleted. The envelope glycoproteins of recombinant SHIVs that efficiently caused loss of CD4+ T lymphocytes exhibited increased chemokine receptor binding and membrane-fusing capacity compared with those of less pathogenic viruses. These studies identify the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein ectodomains as determinants of CD4+ T lymphocyte loss in vivo and provide a foundation for studying pathogenic mechanisms.

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