Safety and effectiveness of pharmacokinetic controlled amino-glycoside dosing as a routine procedure on the ICU

A routine procedure for growing very thin graphite substrate films has been developed. The films are grown pyrolytically in an ultra-high vacuum chamber by exposing (111) epitaxial nickel films to carbon monoxide gas. The nickel serves as a catalyst for the disproportionation of CO through the reaction 2C0 → C + CO2. The nickel catalyst is prepared by evaporation onto artificial mica at 400°C and annealing for 1/2 hour at 600°C in vacuum. Exposure of the annealed nickel to 1 torr CO for 3 hours at 500°C results in the growth of very thin continuous graphite films. The graphite is stripped from its nickel substrate in acid and mounted on holey formvar support films for use as specimen substrates.The graphite films, self-supporting over formvar holes up to five microns in diameter, have been studied by bright and dark field electron microscopy, by electron diffraction, and have been shadowed to reveal their topography and thickness. The films consist of individual crystallites typically a micron across with their basal planes parallel to the surface but oriented in different, apparently random directions about the normal to the basal plane.

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Vesicular system associated with spermiogenesis of bullfrog

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100128377 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 818-819

Author(s):

K. C. Liu ◽

S. F. Tsay

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Microscopic Study ◽

Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Reproductive System ◽

Seminiferous Tubule ◽

Rana Catesbeiana ◽

Routine Procedure ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Twisted Tubules ◽

Electron Lucent

In the histologic and electron microscopic study of the male reproductive system of bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, a vesicular system associated with spermiogenesis was observed. It appeared in the lumenal space of the seminiferous tubule (Fig. 1), in the heads of spermatids (Fig. 2), associated with the chromatins of the spermatid (Fig. 4). As deduced from sections, this vesicular system consisted of vesicles of various size or a large group of waving and twisted tubules (Fig. 3), After routine procedure of treatment for electron microscopy, the lumens of both of the vesicles and tubules were electron lucent.In human, vesicles and vesicular system associated with reproductive cell and tissue were reported. In abnormal spermiogenesis, flower-like body, actually vesicles, and giant vesicle associated with the head of spermatid were observed. In both cases the number of vesicle was limited from a single one to a few.

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SHOULD WE INSIST ON “RADICAL PNEUMONECTOMY” AS A ROUTINE PROCEDURE IN THE TREATMENT OF CARCINOMA OF THE LUNG?

Journal of Thoracic Surgery ◽

10.1016/s0096-5588(20)30141-0 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 309-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Julian Johnson ◽

Charles K. Kirby ◽

William S. Blakemore

Keyword(s):

Routine Procedure

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The implementation of the sentinel node biopsy as a routine procedure for patients with breast cancer

Surgery ◽

10.1067/msy.2000.107229 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 128 (1) ◽

pp. 6-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Frans D. Rahusen ◽

Rik Pijpers ◽

Paul J. van Diest ◽

Robert P. Bleichrodt ◽

Hans Torrenga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Sentinel Node ◽

Sentinel Node Biopsy ◽

Routine Procedure ◽

Node Biopsy

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THE EFFECT OF ABNORMAL MATERNAL PLASMA CALCIUM LEVELS ON THE OFFSPRING OF RATS

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0480337 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 337-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

ANGELA FAIRNEY ◽

A. A. WEIR

Keyword(s):

Calcium Concentration ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Plasma Calcium ◽

Growth Defect ◽

Routine Procedure ◽

Low Levels

SUMMARY Study of the offspring from parathyroidectomized and hypercalcaemic rats showed that both high and low levels of maternal plasma calcium produced abnormalities in the offspring. Both groups of offspring had hypocalcaemia at birth which reverted to normal by the 7th day of life. All the offspring grew poorly compared with controls. The growth defect in the offspring of the hypocalcaemic rats was reversed if the offspring were reared by normal rats, and in the offspring of the hypercalcaemic rats was accompanied by abnormalities of the fur, including focal alopecia, which reverted to normal when the offspring were weaned on to a normal diet. The calcium concentration in the milk of the hypercalcaemic rats was higher than that in the milk of normal and parathyroidectomized rats. In the rat the plasma and milk calcium levels in the mother appeared to be important in the aetiology of neonatal hypocalcaemia and growth. It is suggested that the estimation of the plasma calcium in the mother should become a routine procedure in the investigation of cases of neonatal tetany in infants.

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The unusual journey of a retained epicardial pacing wire

Italian Journal of Medicine ◽

10.4081/itjm.2017.905 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Francesca Giacomazzi ◽

Lorenzo Menicanti ◽

Massimo Lombardi ◽

Roberto Tramarin

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Unusual Case ◽

Routine Procedure ◽

Epicardial Pacing

The placement of temporary epicardial pacing wires (EPWs) at the completion of cardiac surgery is a routine procedure in most centres. Complications related to their insertion, removal and retention are infrequent, yet potentially severe, including hemorrhage, tamponade, infection and death. Here, we describe an unusual case of retained temporary EPW migration.

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English spelling among the top priorities in pronunciation teaching: Polglish local versus global(ised) errors in the production and perception of words commonly mispronounced

Research in Language ◽

10.1515/rela-2016-0002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 123-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marta Nowacka

Keyword(s):

Explicit Instruction ◽

First Year ◽

Production Task ◽

Routine Procedure ◽

Absolute Minimum ◽

Individual Word ◽

The Absolute ◽

Lexical Items ◽

English Spelling

This paper presents the results of a questionnaire and recording-based study on production and recognition of a sample of 60 items from Sobkowiak’s (1996:294) ‘words commonly mispronounced’ by 143 first-year BA students majoring in English. 30 lexical items in each task represent 27 categories defined by Porzuczek (2015), each referring to one aspect of English phonotactics and/or spelling-phonology relations. Our aim is to provide evidence for the occurrence of local and globalised errors in Polglish speech. This experiment is intended to examine what types of errors, that is, seriously deformed words, whether avoidable, ‘either-or’ or unavoidable ones, as classified in Porzuczek (2015), are the most frequent in production and recognition of words. Our goal is to check what patterns concerning letter-to-sound relations, are not respected in the subjects’ production and recognition of an individual word and what rules should be explicitly discussed and practised in a phonetics course. The results of the study confirm the necessity for explicit instruction on the regularity rather than irregularity of English spelling in order to eradicate globalised and ‘either-or’ pronunciation errors in the speech of students. The avoidable globalised errors which have turned out to be the most numerous in a production task include such areas of English phonotactics as: the letters <-old> and <oll>, ‘mute consonant letters’, ‘isolated errors’ and two categories related to the reduction of unstressed syllables: ‘reduce the vowel in stress-adjacent syllables and in syllables following the stressed one to /ə/ or /ɪ/’ and ‘reduce <-ous>, <-age>, and <-ate> in nouns and adjectives.’ The hope is also expressed that once introducing spelling-to-sound relations becomes a routine procedure in pronunciation training, the strain on part of the students of memorizing a list of true local errors, phonetically challenging pronunciation exceptions, will be reduced to the absolute minimum.

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