Chemotoxicity of Contrast Media and Clinical Adverse Effects

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S84-S91 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER DAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media

Chemistry of Iodinated Contrast Media (ICM): A Minireview

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maithili Pramod Joshi ◽  
Ameya Chaudhari ◽  
Prashant S. Kharkar ◽  
Shreerang V. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Health Organization

: Historically, the use of Iodinated Contrast Media (ICM) for diagnostic purposes, particularly radiography and computed tomography (CT), is well-known. Many of the ICM are included in the World Health Organization (WHO)’s List of Essential Medicines. Depending on the chemotype and the presence of ionizable functional group(s), the ICM are categorized in the ionic/nonionic monomers/dimers. The lipophilicity, aqueous solubility, viscosity and osmolality are major characteristics dictating their use for one procedure versus the other. Over last several decades, substantial advancement occurred in the design and development of novel ICM, solely to reduce their propensity to cause adverse effects. Given the nature of their acute usage, some of the agents with appreciable toxicity are still used. Understanding their chemistry aspects is crucial to appreciate, acknowledge and justify the usage of these extremely important torch-bearers of diagnostic agent’s class. The present review article presents an in-depth overview of the synthetic methods, therapeutic indications, potential adverse effects along with the commercial and environmental aspects of ICM. The safety and tolerability of these agents is a field that has gained significant importance, which is given due importance in the discussion.

R

2020 ◽  
pp. 679-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Ainsworth
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factors ◽  
Maternal Treatment ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines

This chapter presents information on neonatal drugs that begin with R, including use, pharmacology, adverse effects, fetal and infant implications of maternal treatment, treatment, and supply of Radiological contrast media, Raltegravir, Ranitidine, Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (rhG-CSF), Remifentanil, Rhesus (D) immunoglobulin, Ribavirin = Tribavirin (former BAN), Rifampicin = Rifampin (USAN), Rocuronium, Rotavirus vaccines, and Rubella vaccine

Long-Term Adverse Effects of Low-Osmolar Compared With Iso-Osmolar Contrast Media After Coronary Angiography

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 985-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Cheng Wang ◽  
Adrian Tang ◽  
Di Chang ◽  
Chun-Qiang Lu ◽  
Shi-Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Long Term Adverse Effects

Warmed contrast media temperature loss in traditional manifold systems during angiographic procedures

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110553
Author(s):  
Kevin J. O'Sullivan ◽  
Tjaša Kermavnar ◽  
Kenneth A. Gorski ◽  
Samer Arnous ◽  
Leonard W. O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Temperature Loss ◽  
Ambient Room Temperature ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

Background Extrinsic warming of contrast media (CM) to 37 °C before angiographic procedures is performed to improve bolus kinetics and avoid potential adverse effects. Extrinsically warmed CM readily loses temperature after removal from the warming cabinet, but the extent of its cooling has not been previously investigated. Purpose To assess temperature loss of extrinsically warmed CM in tubing of traditional angiographic manifolds during simulated angiography. Material and Methods In total, 35 scheduled diagnostic angiographic procedures were observed in a hospital setting. Relevant time points of CM use during the procedures were recorded. The shortest, median, and longest procedures were then simulated in the experimental laboratory to measure CM temperatures at specific times at three locations along the tubing system. Results The angiographic procedures lasted 7.0–26.6 min (median = 11.7 min), with the total duration dependent primarily on the time from contrast being removed from the warming cabinet to the commencement of imaging. During the simulated procedures, consistent patterns of temperature loss were observed. By the last simulated angiographic run, injected CM temperature decreased by 7.4–16.4 °C, depending on procedure length. Most of the heat loss occurred in the tubing between the CM bottle and coronary control syringe. Conclusion During angiographic procedures, prewarmed CM loses its temperature rapidly with the duration of exposure to ambient room temperature. If no additional measures are employed to maintain its temperature outside of the warming cabinet, extrinsic warming has limited impact on injected CM temperature.

Miscellaneous adverse effects of low-versus high-osmolality contrast media: a study revised.

Radiology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Brismar ◽  
B F Jacobsson ◽  
H Jorulf
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
High Osmolality

Effects of High- and Low-Osmolar Contrast Media on Renal Plasma Flow and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Euvolaemic and Dehydrated Rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nygren ◽  
H. R. Ulfendahl ◽  
A. Fasching
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow

The effects of a slow intravenous injection of contrast media (CM) on renal function and haemodynamics were investigated in euvolaemic and dehydrated rats. Iodine-equivalent doses (1600 mg I/kg body weight) of ioxithalamate, ioxaglate, iopamidol and iohexol were used. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were assessed with clearance techniques. In euvolaemic rats no statistically significant decrease in GFR or RPF was found after CM injections. In the dehydrated rats the changes in GFR were more pronounced and this was significantly decreased in the ioxithalamate and iopamidol groups while RPF was still not decreased. This study indicates that dehydration potentiates adverse effects of CM on GFR and that there may be differences between the effects of low-osmolar and high-osmolar CM on GFR and also between different low-osmolar CM.

Adverse Effects of Contrast Media

Drug Safety ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik S. Thomsen ◽  
William H. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media

Low Dose Urography

1986 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Björk ◽  
B. F. Zachrisson
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Low Dose

Three modern low osmolar contrast media (Iopamiro, Omnipaque and Hexabrix) were injected intravenously in 150 patients. They were all effective for urography in a concentration iso-osmolar to blood and with a dose of 90 mg I/kg body weight in patients with normal renal function. In patients with decreased renal function, this low dose is not sufficient and should be doubled. No significant diagnostic differences between the three media were found. The subjective and objective adverse effects were minimal and transient.

Treatment of the adverse effects of contrast media

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Thomsen ◽  
W. H. Bush
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Contrast Media
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