STAGING OF PROSTATE CANCER USING 3-DIMENSIONAL TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND IMAGES: A PILOT STUDY

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Early detection of prostate cancer is the key to successful treatment. Ultrasound imaging is one of the most suitable methods for the early detection of prostate cancer. Although ultrasound images can show cancer lesions, subjective interpretation is not accurate. Therefore, this paper proposes a transrectal ultrasound image analysis method, aiming at characterizing prostate tissue through image processing to evaluate the possibility of malignant tumours. Firstly, the input image is preprocessed by optical density conversion. Then, local binarization and Gaussian Markov random fields are used to extract texture features, and the linear combination is performed. Finally, the fused texture features are provided to SVM classifier for classification. The method has been applied to data set of 342 transrectal ultrasound images obtained from hospitals with an accuracy of 70.93%, sensitivity of 70.00%, and specificity of 71.74%. The experimental results show that it is possible to distinguish cancerous tissues from noncancerous tissues to some extent.

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Quantitative colour Doppler and greyscale ultrasound for evaluating prostate cancer

Ultrasound ◽

10.1177/1742271x20952825 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1742271X2095282

Author(s):

Khalid Ashi ◽

Brooke Kirkham ◽

Anil Chauhan ◽

Susan M Schultz ◽

Bonnie J Brake ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Flow Velocity ◽

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Doppler Imaging ◽

Surrounding Tissue ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Colour Doppler ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Microvascular Flow ◽

Malignant Lesions

Introduction Although transrectal ultrasound is routinely performed for imaging prostate lesions, colour Doppler imaging visualizing vascularity is not commonly used for diagnosis. The goal of this study was to measure vascular and echogenic differences between malignant and benign lesions of the prostate by quantitative colour Doppler and greyscale transrectal ultrasound. Methods Greyscale and colour Doppler ultrasound images of the prostate were acquired in 16 subjects with biopsy-proven malignant or benign lesions. Echogenicity and microvascular flow velocity of each lesion were measured by quantitative image analysis. Flow velocity was measured over several cardiac cycles and the velocity–time waveform was used to determine microvascular pulsatility index and microvascular resistivity index. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the malignant and benign groups. Results Median microvascular flow velocity of the malignant lesions was 1.25 cm/s compared to 0.36 cm/s for the benign lesions. Median pulsatility and resistive indices of the malignant lesions were 1.55 and 0.68, respectively versus 6.38 and 1.0 for the benign lesions. Malignant lesions were more hypoechoic relative to the surrounding tissue, with median echogenicity of 0.24 compared to 0.76 for the benign lesions. The differences between the malignant and benign groups for each measurement were significant (p < 0.01). Conclusion Marked differences were observed in flow velocity, microvascular pulsatility, microvascular resistance, and echogenicity of prostate cancer measured with quantitative colour Doppler and greyscale ultrasound imaging. Vascular differences measured together with echogenicity have the combined potential to characterize malignant and benign prostate lesions.

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The Accuracy of Prostate Cancer Localization Diagnosed on Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy Compared to 3-Dimensional Transperineal Approach

Advances in Urology ◽

10.1155/2013/249080 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kevin Krughoff ◽

Khadijah Eid ◽

Jason Phillips ◽

Diliana Stoimenova ◽

Daniel Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Disease Status ◽

Middle Lobe ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Trus Biopsy ◽

Guided Biopsy ◽

Biopsy Methods ◽

Left And Right ◽

Dimensional Mapping

Background. Prostate cancer is often understaged following 12-core transrectal ultrasound- (TRUS-) guided biopsies. Our goal is to understand where cancers are typically missed by this method.Methods. Transperineal 3-dimensional mapping biopsy (3DMB) provides a more accurate depiction of disease status than transrectal ultrasound- (TRUS-) guided biopsy. We compared 3DMB findings in men with prior TRUS-guided biopsies to determine grade and location of missed cancer. Results were evaluated for 161 men with low-risk organ confined prostate cancer.Results. The number of cancer-positive biopsy zones per patient with TRUS was 1.38 ± 1.21 compared to 3.33 ± 4.06 with 3DMB, with most newly discovered cancers originating from the middle lobe and apex. Approximately half of all newly discovered cancerous zones resulted from anterior 3DMB sampling. Gleason upgrade was recognized in 56 patients using 3DMB. When both biopsy methods found positive cores in a given zone, Gleason upgrades occurred most frequently in the middle left and right zones. TRUS cancer-positive zones not confirmed by 3DMB were most often the basal zones.Conclusion. Most cancer upgrades and cancers missed from TRUS biopsy originated in the middle left zone of the prostate, specifically in anterior regions. Anterior sampling may lead to more accurate diagnosis and appropriate followup.

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Augmenting Detection of Prostate Cancer in Transrectal Ultrasound Images Using SVM and RF Time Series

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1109/tbme.2008.2009766 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 56 (9) ◽

pp. 2214-2224 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Mehdi Moradi ◽

Purang Abolmaesumi ◽

D. Robert Siemens ◽

Eric E. Sauerbrei ◽

Alexander H. Boag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Time Series ◽

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Ultrasound Images

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PROSTATE DISEASES DIAGNOSIS IN POWER DOPPLER SONOGRAPHY

Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications ◽

10.4015/s1016237214400055 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (04) ◽

pp. 1440005

Author(s):

Chuan-Yu Chang ◽

Yuh-Shyan Tsai ◽

Chuan-Wang Chang ◽

Cheng-Min Fan

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Blood Flow ◽

High Performance ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Transrectal Ultrasound ◽

Resistive Index ◽

Doppler Spectrum ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Prostate Diseases

In order to detect early prostate cancer, physicians usually apply the ultrasound imaging to visualize prostate for diagnosis. However, the traditional gray-scale ultrasound images that obtained from transrectal ultrasound of the prostate are often limited in diagnosing prostate cancer because of cancer heterogeneity, which makes direct diagnosing on the image difficult. Power Doppler ultrasound images improve the diagnosis by providing extra information of blood flow. Previous study has shown that increased blood inflow exists in prostate cancer. It is not difficult to differentiate the malignancy from benign prostate diseases by inspecting Doppler spectrum at bilateral neurovascular bundle sites and using resistive index. Although it is effective; however, it is hand-held, time-consuming, and only limited in a small and static region, which might not represent the real status of the whole prostate. Therefore, this study proposed an integrated dynamic approach to estimate the resistive index of blood flow in regions of interest within or all over the whole prostate. Merits of the proposed approach include the follows: resistive index can be calculated in serial prostate frames; the calculation can be performed on integral prostate region; and the proposed approach shortened the time needed to complete the calculation on whole prostate. Experimental results show that dynamic resistive index is better than conventional resistive index, and comparable with Prostate specific antigen (PSA) test in diagnosing prostate cancer, indicating high performance of the proposed approach, which also reveals feasibility and effectively of it.

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